GROUNDING

•Grounding:
•Vessel touches ground
•Intentional
•Accidental
•Beaching is intentional
•Accidental – grounding or stranding
•Many reasons for beaching:
•Save from foundering in deep water
•Flood her at recoverable location in the event
of uncontrolled fire
 GROUNDING
•Carry out under water :
•Repairs
•Inspections
•Cleaning
•Stranding – accidental grounding on a beach or
shoreline (fast for more than 15mins), cannot
refloat without assistance.
•Grounding – accidental contact with the sea
bed other than the shore line
 FOUNDERING
•Is the adverse effect on the vessel’s buoyancy
due to ingress of water resulting in sinking.
•Could be the end result of:
•A collision or
•Any situation causing hull damage or
•Water ingress
 GROUNDING
•Immediate action:
•Stop engines
•Raise alarm
•Exhibit lights & shapes; sound signals
•Take soundings & sea bed sample
•Check tidal condition
•Check for pollution
•Ascertain ship’s position
•Ascertain cause and position of grounding.
 GROUNDING
•Immediate action:
•Record all events
•Change to high sea suction
•Change navigational status in AIS
•Inform managers with request to inform
owners, flag etc.
•Inform coastal state.
•Assess possibility of increased damage due
stresses & shearing forces.
 GROUNDING
•Appraise result of grounding:
•Pollution
•Fire
•Loss of structural integrity and consequent loss
of buoyancy
•Loss of availability of plant and machinery such
as main engines.
•Loss of steering capability
•Loss of cargo
 GROUNDING
•Appraise result of grounding:
•Determined through:
•Sounding of tanks
•Sounding around vessel
•Inspection of holds and tanks
•Inspection of ship side
•Inspection of machinery (engine, steering gear)
•Inspection of propeller & rudder.
 GROUNDING
•Evaluation:
•Proximity of coast
•Set & drift
•Estimated time of spill to reach coast
•Nature of bottom
•Location of grounding
•Weather, tide, current
•Weather forecast
•Towage and salvage available
 GROUNDING
•Evaluation:
•Lowering of boats
•Use of anchors
•Status of main engines, steering, auxilliary
equipments.
•Readiness of FFA
 GROUNDING
•Communication:
•Display of lights, shapes, flags & sound signals
•TTT/Pan-Pan-Pan/SOS messages
•Managers, owners, charterers, agents, P&I, flag
•SAR, AMVER, nearest coast station
•DPA
•Assistance required:
•Rescue, medical, salvage, towage, equipment,
materials
 GROUNDING
•Action:
•Priority to pollution:
•Marshall personnel
•Marshall Pumps, pipelines, spill control
•Initiate oil spill response plan
•Contain / Shift / clean spill
•Control ignition sources
•Control gases entering accommodation
•Safety of personnel
 GROUNDING
•Action:
•Calculate loss of buoyancy, damage stability,
bending moment & shearing force
•Possibility of floatation.
•Change of list, trim, draft
•Point of contact, Pivoting point, depth profile,
nature of bottom
•Increase weight
•Lightering, jettisoning
 MP-2 : GROUNDING
•Action:
•Time for floatation, frequency
•Prepare for salvage, towage
•LOF
•Evacuate unnecessary personnel
•Abandon ship
BPG – C5 : Stranding or Grounding
• Call master
• Sound general emergency alarm
• Close WT doors & automatic fire doors
• Manoeuvre as appropriate / Stop engines
• Switch to high cooling water intakes
• Consider use of anchor
• Exhibit lights, shapes & sound signals
• Inform VTS / port authority
 BPG – C5 : Stranding or Grounding
• Modify AIS status
• Muster crew to damage control stations
• Conduct damage control procedures
• Assess the nature of the sea bed
• Assess tides & currents
• Assess weather conditions & forecasts
• Sound around ship
• Determine location of deep water in relation to
ship
BPG – C5 : Stranding or Grounding
• Consider reducing draft
• Consider taking on additional ballast to prevent
unwanted movement and damage
• Plan and prepare to refloat as appropriate
• Broadcast URGENCY or DISTRESS message as
appropriate
• Preserve VDR records
• Preserve ECDIS records
• Maintain log / record of events and decisions
 Contingency plan
• Immediate action by OOW:
• Stop engines / raise alarm
• Exhibit lights, shapes and sound signals
• Check and record position
• Check for any pollution
• Check status of tide / tidal stream / current
• Save recording on VDR
• Save recording on ECDIS
• Use VHF (any other communication equipment) to
broadcast situation.
 Contingency plan
• Command Team:
• Monitor movement of vessel
• Record all actions and communications
• Check immediate action by OOW has been done.
• Inform DPA, flag, coastal state as appropriate.
• Asses damages
• Control and restrict damages
• Plan for next phase of action
 Contingency plan
• Engine Team:
• Respond to bridge engine requirements.
• Inspect engine room areas for damage
• Inspect propeller shaft & rudder.
• Change to high sea suction.
• Request for assistance if any damage located
• Assist emergency team for inspection and
repairs as ordered
 Contingency plan
• Emergency Team - 1:
• Pollution containment first priority
• Conduct inspections for damage as instructed
by command team.
• Take sounding of all compartments
• Take soundings around the vessel.
• Take samples of bottom to determine sea bed
around vessel.
 Contingency plan
• Emergency Team - 2:
• Pollution clean up first priority.
• Respond to containment or repair of damages
as and when found.
• Prepare for towage or salvage.
• Prepare for refloating
• Prepare and carry out lightening or increasing
of deadweight as ordered
 Contingency plan
• Support Team:
• Assist in rescue of any personnel if trapped.
• Provide first aid to any personnel injured.
• Provide equipments as requested by
emergency teams.
• Provide additional personnel as requested by
emergency teams.
• Prepare lifeboat as directed