BIOMECHANICS OF ANKLE JOINT
PRESENTED BY:
Miss. GAYATRI GOUDA
BPT 2021-22 BATCH
INTRODUCTION
TRANSMIT THE WEIGHT FROM OTHER PROXIMAL JOINT.
ACT AS PIVOT FOR PUSH OFF ACTIVITY.
FUNCTIONAL CLASSIFICATION
REAR FOOT
MID FOOT
FRONT FOOT
TALOCURAL JOINT
SYNOVIAL JOINT OF HINGE VARIETY
LIGAMENT:
MEDIAL COLLATERAL LIGAMENT:
ALSO KNOWN AS DELTOID LIGAMENT.
VERY STRONG
PREVENT EXCESSIVE PRONATION
LATERAL COLLATERAL LIGAMENT:
PREVENT EXCESSIVE SUPINATION
MOTION
DORSIFLEXION -(RANGE -25DEGREE)
PLANTAR FLEXION -(RANGE- 55 DEGREE)
OBLIQUE AXIS
DORSIFLEXION:
TIBIA MOVES ANTERIOR
MORTISE MOVES POSTERIOR – ANTERIOR IN TALUS
CLOSED PACKED POSITION
PLANTAR FLEXION:
TIBIA MOVES POSTERIOR
MORTISE MOVES ANTERIOR – POSTERIOR IN TALUS
UNSTABLE POSITION
MAXIMUM INJURY OCCUR
NOT PURE DORSIFLEXION
DORSIFLEXION+EVERSION+ABDUCTION
NOT PURE PLANTAR FLEXION
PLANTARFLEXION+INVERSION+ADDUCTION
ABDUCTION OR ADDUCTION – 5 DEGREE TO 10 DEGREE
INVERSION OR EVERSION – 2 DEGREE TO 3 DEGREE
ROLE OF DISTAL TIBIOFIBULAR JOINT
MOBILTY OF THE FIBULA IS LARGER IN THE ANKLE JOINT THAT DEPENDS ON
THE MOBILITY OF TIBIOFIBULAR JOINT.
INJURY – DECREASE DORSIFLEXION
MUSCLE
DORSIFLEXION PLANTAR FLEXION
TIBIALIS ANTERIOR GASTOCNEMUS
SOLEUS
EXTENSOR HALLUCIS LONGUS
EXTENSOR DIGITORUM
LONGUS
ROLE OF GASTROCNEMUS IN DORSIFLEXION
SUBTALAR JOINT
IT IS ALSO KNOWN AS TALOCALCANEAL JOINT.
ARTICULATION BETWEEN BODY OF TALUS & BODY OF CALCANEUM
3 NUMBER OF ARTICULAR SURFACE
ANTERIOR &MIDDLE ARTICULAR SURFACE – CONVEX TALUS
CONCAVE CALCANEUM
POSTERIOR ARTICULAR SURFACE - CONCAVE TALUS
CONVEX CALCANEUM
MOTION – SUPINATION & PRONATION
AXIS –OBLIQUE SUBTALAR AXIS
NON WEIGHT BEARING CONDITION
HEAD OF CALCANEUM REFERANCE POINT.
PRONATION IS COMBINATION OF ABDUCTION
EVERSION
DORSIFLEXION(less)
SUPINATION IS COMBINATION OF ADDUCTION
INVERSION
PLANTAR FLEXION(less)
WEIGHT BEARING:
HEAD OF TALUS REFERANCE.
SUPINATION :-
PRIMARY MOVEMENT IS INVERSION BY CALCANEUM.
SECONDARY MOVEMENT BY TALUS THAT IS ABDUCTION AND
DORSIFLEXION.
PRONATION :-
PRIMARY MOVEMENT IS EVERSION BY CALCANEUM.
SECONDARY MOVEMENT BY TALUS THAT IS ADDUCTION AND PLANTAR
FLEXION.
SUPINATION :
THE TALUS GOES FOR ADDUCTION ,SO
THERE IS INCREASE IN MEDIAL ARCH
DUE TO MAINTAIN THE STABILITY TALUS
GOES FOR ABDUCTION.
PRONATION:
THE TALUS GOES FOR ABDUCTION ,SO
THERE IS INCREASE IN LATERAL ARCH
DUE TO MAINTAIN THE STABILITY TALUS
GOES FOR ADDUCTION.
SUB TALAR NEUTRAL
PRIMARY MOTION IN WEIGHT BEARING &NON WEIGHT BEARING IS
INVERSION OR EVERSION.
• SUB TALAR NEUTRAL
• CALCANEUM VALGUS(pronation)
• CALCANEUM VARUS(supination)
TRANSVERSE TARSAL JOINT
IT IS MADE UP OF TWO JOINT - TALONAVICULAR JOINT
- CALCENEOCUBOID JOINT
S- SHAPED JOINT
TALONAVICULAR JOINT:
ANTERIOR HEAD OF TALUS +POSTERIOR HEAD OF NAVICULAR
CALCENEOCUBOID JOINT:
ANTERIOR HEAD OF CALCANEUM +POSTERIOR HEAD OF
CUBOID
DURING WEIGHT BEARING POSITION NAVICULAR AND CUBOID IS
FIXED(IMMOBILE).
MOVEMENT DEPENDS UPON THE MOVEMENTS OF CALCANEUM & TALUS
WHICH IS RELATED TO SUBTALAR JOINT.
SO THAT SUBTALAR JOINT MOTION REALATED TO TRANSVERSE TARSAL
JOINT MOTION.
LONGITUDINAL AXIS
MOTION:
SUPINATION
PRONATION
AXIS – OBLIQUE AXIS
PRONATION:
UNILATERAL STANCE:
EX:- STONE IN GROUND
TIBIA GOES FOR MEDIAL ROTATION
SUBTALAR JOINT PRONATION
TRANSVERSE TARSAL JOINT
PRONATION SUPINATION
IMBALANCE OCCUR DUE
TO LATERAL SEGMENT
AWAY FROM THE
GROUNDFALL
BILATERAL STANCE
TIBIA GOES FOR MEDIAL ROTATION
SUBTALAR JOINT PRONATION
TRANSVERSE TALAR JOINT PRONATION
SUPINATION (CLOSED PACK)
TIBIA GOES FOR LATERAL ROTATION
SUBTALAR JOINT SUPINATION
CLOSED PACKED
TRANSVERSE TALAR JOINT SUPINATION
TARSO METATARSAL JOINT
JOINT PRESENT BETWEEN CUBOID AND CUNEIFORM & METATARSAL BONE
1ST TARSO METATARSAL JOINT
BASE OF 1ST METATARSAL+ MEDIAL CUNEIFORM
2ND TARSO METATARSAL JOINT
BASE OF 2ND METATARSAL+ INTERMEDIATE CUNEIFORM
3RD TARSO METATARSAL JOINT
BASE OF 3RD METATARSAL+ LATERAL CUNEIFORM
4TH TARSO METATARSAL JOINT
4TH METATARSAL + CUBOID
5TH METATARSAL + CUBOID
RAY
FUNCTIONAL UNIT FORMED BY METATARSAL BONE WITH ASSOCIATED
CUNEIFORM BONE
1ST RAY – MOBILE
2ND RAY – LEAST MOBILE
3RD RAY – MOBILE
4TH RAY – MOBILE
5TH RAY – MORE MOBILE
1ST RAY
• DORSIFLEXION – INVERSION ,ADDUCTION
• PLANTAR FLEXION – EVERSION ,ABDUCTION
5TH RAY
• DORSIFLEXION – EVERSION ,ABDUCTION
• PLANTAR FLEXION – INVERSION ,ADDUCTION
SUPINATION TWIST
RARE FOOT BEARING
SUBTALAR JOINT IS PRONATED
TRANSVERSE TARSAL JOINT SUPINATION
MEDIAL PART LATERAL
CONTACT WITH INVERSIONAL ROTATION IN
LIFT UP FOREFOOT OR TORSO
GROUND
METATARSAL JOINT IS CALLED
SUPINATION TWIST
TARSOMETATARSAL JOINT
5TH RAY MUSCLE CONTRACT IN SUCH A
1 RAY DORSIFLEXION, INVERSION &
ST
WAY THAT PLANTAR
ADDUCTION(DUE TO GROUND
FLEXION,INVERSION,ADDUCTION
REACTION FORCE)
PRONATION TWIST
RARE FOOT SUPINATION
TRANSVERSE TARSAL JOINT PRONATION
MEDIAL SIDE LATERAL SIDE
LIFT UP CONTACT WITH
GROUND
TMT JOINT
5TH RAY DORSIFLEXION(EVERSION,ABDUCTION)
1ST RAY MUSCLE PRODUCE PLANTAR FLEXION
EVERSION ROTATIONAL TWIST
PRONATION TWIST
