Introduction to
Artificial
Intelligence
Fiona French
Module Spec
LO1 - Gain knowledge and understanding of artificial
intelligence
LO2 - Be able to work effectively in teams to design an
intelligent system
LO3 - Demonstrate ability to communicate effectively on
the topic of AI
LO4 – Be able to develop a simple prototype from a brief
using existing skills
Module Spec
LO1 - Gain knowledge and understanding of artificial
intelligence - VAGUE
LO2 - Be able to work effectively in teams to design an
intelligent system - DEPENDS ON TEAM MEMBERS
LO3 - Demonstrate ability to communicate effectively on
the topic of AI - VIVA
LO4 – Be able to develop a simple prototype from a brief
using existing skills - CONCEPT DEVELOPMENT
Assignment 1
LO1 - Gain knowledge and understanding of artificial
intelligence
20% Presentation of Research LO1
Weekly exercises: Mind Maps
Assignment 2
LO2 - Be able to work effectively in teams to design an
intelligent system
LO3 - Demonstrate ability to communicate effectively on
the topic of AI
LO4 – Be able to develop a simple prototype from a brief
using existing skills
80% Artefact
LO2, LO3, LO4
Teamwork (2 max)
Joint presentation of research and context
Demonstration viva
What is artificial
intelligence?
What is intelligence?
Goal: build intelligent
entities
Thought processes and reasoning
Behaviour
Goal: build intelligent
entities
Thought processes and reasoning
Fidelity to Measure up
human to ideal
performance (rationality)
Behaviour
Goal: build intelligent
entities
Thought processes and reasoning
THINK HUMAN THINK RATIONAL
Fidelity to Measure up
human to ideal
performance (rationality)
ACT HUMAN ACT RATIONAL
Behaviour
[Link] Human
1950 "Computer Machinery and Intelligence"
Can a machine think?
Can a machine have a natural conversation?
Alan Turing
Founder of computer science, mathematician,
philosopher, codebreaker, strange visionary...
[Link]
[Link]
cience-museum-video
The Turing Test
Inspirational to development of AI - can a
program deceive a human interrogator?
- inspired by The Imitation Game
The Imitation Game
[Link]
1. Act human
●NLP
●Knowledge representation
●Automated reasoning
●Machine learning
+Computer vision (perception)
+Robotics (manipulation, manifestation)
2. Think human
Study underlying principles, not try to duplicate
Strong AI
A computer can be programmed to think.
Cognitive science
●Introspection
●Psychological experiments
●Brain imaging
Information processing
model of the brain
Counter-argument
But it's a simulation - not consciousness.
(Do only humans possess consciousness?)
1980 John Searle
Mindless manipulators of symbols
Syntax not equivalent to semantics!
The Chinese Room
The Chinese Room
●Chinese speakers send messages to
someone in a closed room.
●They get intelligent and well-written
responses in Chinese.
●But person in the room does not speak
Chinese
●and is using a huge manual to find
appropriate replies to the messages...
Consciousness
●subjectivity - have a perspective;
●self awareness;
●sentience - perception;
●sapience - act with judgement;
●perceive relationship between self and
environment.
3. Think rational
LOGIC
Started with Aristotle
4. Act rational
- Agents -
●Autonomous
●Persistent
●Perceive environment
●Adapt to change
●Create and pursue goals
Inference and reflex
Making decisions
State of the art
● Game playing: programming computers to play games
against human opponents
State of the art
● Game playing: programming computers to play games
against human opponents
● Robotic vehicles
State of the art
● Game playing: programming computers to play games
against human opponents
● Robotic vehicles
● Speech recognition
● Autonomous planning
and scheduling
● Spam fighting
● Logistics planning
● Robotics
● Machine translation
Disciplines
● Economics
● Maths
● Philosophy
● Neuroscience
● Psychology
● Computer engineering
● Control theory and cybernetics
● Linguistics
Disciplines
● Economics - game theory
● Maths - logic, probability, algorithms,
computation
● Philosophy - formal rules, knowledge and action
● Neuroscience - simple cells become consciousness
● Psychology - information processing model
● Computer engineering - intelligence + artifact, speed and
capacity
● Control theory and cybernetics - stable feedback
systems
● Linguistics - language and thought, NLP, knowledge
representation
Refs
Intelligent machines: [Link]
Google kill switch: [Link]
Future of AI: [Link]
Timeline: [Link]
