LESSON 9: RIZAL’S ESSAYS
THE PHILIPPINES A CENTURY
HENCE (FILIPINAS DENTRO DE
CIEN AN0S)
The Philippines a Century Hence contain the predictions of Jose P. Rizal
about the Philippines 100 years before its publication. He published the
essay on September 30,1889 under the La Solidaridad.
CHAPTER 1: Miseries Suffered by the
Filipinos
▪ Spain’s Implementation of Military Policies
▪ Detoriation and destruction of Filipino
Indigenous Culture
▪ Submissiveness to Spain
CHAPTER 2: What will become of the Philippines
“The batteries are gradually becoming
charged and if the prudence of the
government does not provide an outlet
for the currents that are accumulating,
someday, the sparks will be generated. “
CHAPTER 3: Philippines Compared to Sancho Panza
1.No liberty of the press
2.No voice in cortes
Spanish believed that Filipinos must not be in the Spanish
Cortez because of the Following:
3.Lack discipline/unruly
4.Become political trimmers
5.Can’t act properly
CHAPTER 4:
“The existence of the foreign body
within another endowed with strength
and activity is contrary to all natural and
ethical laws . Science teaches that it is
either assimilate, destroys the
organism, is eliminated or encysted.”
CAN SPAIN PREVENT PROGRESS IN THE
PHILIPPINES?
•Keeping the people uneducated and ignorant
had failed
•Keeping the people impoverished also came to
no avail
•Exterminating the people as an alternative to
hindering progress did not work either
“History does not record in its annals any
lasting domination by one people over
another , of different races, of diverse
usages, and customs, of opposite and
divergent ideas. One of the two had to
yield and succumb?”
M • Using the past to understand the present thus
predicting the future.
A 1
I
• Filipinos have lost confidence in their past, lost faith in
N the present and lost their hope in the future.
2
P • The Filipinos will still be under Spain if they will
O implement the freedom of the press and the Filipinos
3 has representation in the Spanish Cortez
I
N • If the reforms are not implemented then a spirit of a
T 4 nation rises and thus, a revolution is highly positive.
S
EXPLANATION ON MAIN
POINTS OF THE ESSAY
▪ Rizal foresee the future of the
Philippines as an independent
country. He gave his future
theory that Philippines and Spain
will be a partner in the future if
reforms such as educational
reform and administration
reform will be implemented.
THE INDOLENCE OF FILIPINO
PEOPLE
The Indolence of the Filipino People is the longest essay of Jose Rizal
published in La Solidaridad on July 15, 1890.
Background of the Essay
▪ The Indolence of the Filipino People is the longest
essay of Jose Rizal published in La Solidaridad on
July 15, 1890,to defend the Filipinos against the
accusation of Mr. Sanciano to a Filipino farmer who
was having a siesta at nine o'clock in the morning
because he was already done on his work.
Meaning of Indolence
- Avoidance of activity or
laziness (Oxford
dictionary)
- Not easily aroused to
activity (Merriam
Webster’s)
Main Points of the Essay
1
Indolence is not only laziness but little love of work and lack of
energy.
- The Filipinos were treated unfairly, and this was one of the unjust
reasons why they were dubbed as lazy. A person can’t work in
afield where supremacy is existing and discrimination is rampant.
2
Man is not the cause of backwardness but backwardness is the
result of Indolence.
- Indolence is very difficult to deal with, the slow and less
progress are the products.
Main Points of the Essay
3
The cause of Indolence are climate, Spanish colonization, and Filipinos
own fault.
- Filipinos were judged as lazy heads because of their siesta time, and
the existence of discrimination.
Factors affecting Indolence of Filipinos:
4
A. Spanish policies like forced labor and taxation without representation.
B. Religion
C. No motivation for work
D. Gambling
Main Points of the Essay
5
The resolution to Indolence are proper training and sense of
nationalism.
-One of the problems of Filipinos that is still existing in todays world is
the lacking of patriotism and nationalism. In order to develop our love
of country, we should foster our nationalism.
THE LETTER TO YOUNG WOMEN OF
MALOLOS
The letter to the young Women of Malolos was written by Dr. Jose P.
Rizal as fulfillment of the request of Marcelo H. Del Pilar to commend by
the young women of Malolos who fought for their rights for education.
BACKGROUND OF THE LETTER
On December 12,1888,the
committee of 20 young
women of Malolos
expressed their desire to
acquire education. They
wrote a letter of request to
Governor Valeriano Weyter
and petition to establish a
night school.
MAIN POINTS OF THE LETTER
I. The problem of the Filipina
A. Blind obedience
B. Wrong understanding of religion
C. At fault for the continuing slavery of the Filipinos.
II. The Filipino women should do the following :
A. Fight for their rights for education
B. Teach their children to love their country more than they love themselves like the Spanish
mother.
C. Fulfill their duty as Mothers and wives.
MAIN POINTS OF THE LETTER
3. All men are created equal and had the ability to think.
4. The teaching of the friars about religion is not the same as God's teaching
5. Saintliness is not equal to rituals.
6. Saintliness is doing what is right and understanding your own religion.
The Political Conditions of the Philippines
during the Time of Spanish Colonization
1. The Dominance of the Friars over the Decentralized Colonial Government.
- The Spanish government was deeply indebted to the Catholic priest in the
process of colonization and pacification of the Filipinos
2. The Dominance of the Principalia in the Colonial Government.
- native who belonged to the Indios did not have the right to participate in the
election.
3. The Appointment of the Under qualified Officials in the Colonial Government
in the Philippines.
- Due to the distance that the Spaniards needed to travel, the qualified officials
for the Colonial government did not want to be assigned in the Philippines.
The Reforms Needed by the Philippines according to
Rizal
1. Representation of the country in the Cortez
2.Secularization of the Parishes
3.The Abolition of the power of the Friars over State
4.The Reform in the Administration and in all Branches
5. Reform in the Education
6.Freedom of Press
''Without Education and liberty, that
soil and the sun of mankind, no reform
is possible, no measure can give the
result desired.''
