Scribd
Upload
31 views24 pages

Presentation 7

This document discusses different types of sampling methods used in research studies. It defines sampling as selecting a number of study units from a larger population to be representative. The main sampling methods covered are simple random sampling, which involves randomly selecting units using a lottery method; systematic sampling, which selects units at regular intervals; stratified sampling, which divides the population into groups and samples from each; and cluster sampling, which samples groups or clusters rather than individual units.

Uploaded by

Jijo Xuseen
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
31 views24 pages

Presentation 7

This document discusses different types of sampling methods used in research studies. It defines sampling as selecting a number of study units from a larger population to be representative. The main sampling methods covered are simple random sampling, which involves randomly selecting units using a lottery method; systematic sampling, which selects units at regular intervals; stratified sampling, which divides the population into groups and samples from each; and cluster sampling, which samples groups or clusters rather than individual units.

Uploaded by

Jijo Xuseen
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Sampling

.
What is sampling?
Sampling involves the selection of a number of
study units from a defined study population.
The population is too large for us to consider
collecting information from all its members.
Instead we select a sample of individuals hoping
that the sample is representative of the population.
When taking a sample, we will be
confronted with the following
questions

a) What is the group of people from which


we want to draw a sample?
b) How many people do we need in our
sample?
c) How will these people be selected?
Definitions

Target population (reference


population):
Is that population about which an
investigator wishes to draw a conclusion
Simple Random Sampling (SRS)

This is the most basic scheme of


random sampling. To select a simple
random sample you need to: Make
a numbered list of all the units in
the population from which you want
to draw a sample.
Each unit on the list should be
numbered in sequence from 1 to N
(Where N is the Size of the population).
Decide on the size of the sample
Select the required number of sampling
units, using a “lottery” method or a
table of random numbers.
Systematic Sampling

Individuals are chosen at regular intervals

(for example, every 5th, 10th, etc.) from

the sampling frame. Ideally we randomly

select a number to tell us where to start

selecting individuals from the list. For

example, a systematic sample is to be

selected from 1000 students of a school.


The sample size is decided to be 100.
The sampling fraction is: 100/1000 = 1/10.
The number of the first student to be
included in the sample is chosen randomly
by picking one out of the first ten pieces of
paper, numbered 1 to 10.
 If number 5 is picked, every tenth
student will be included in the
sample, starting with student number
5, until 100 students are selected.
Students with the following numbers
will be included in the sample: 5,15,
25, 35,45, . . . , 985, 995.
4. Stratified sampling:
If it is important that the sample
includes representative
groups of study units with
specific characteristics (for
example, residents from
urban and rural areas), then the
sampling frame must be divided
into groups, or strata
, according to these characteristics.
Random or systematic samples of a
predetermined size will then have to
be obtained from each group
(stratum). This is called stratified
sampling.
Cluster sampling
When a list of groupings of study
units is available (e.g. villages, etc.)
or can be easily compiled, a number
of these groupings can be randomly
selected.
The selection of groups of study
units (clusters)
Cluster sampling, instead of the
selection of study units individually is
called cluster sampling. Clusters are
often geographic units (e.g. districts,
villages) or organizational units (e.g.
clinics).

You might also like