M E D I A F O R M S

text, visual,
audio, &
motion
text media
 TEXT TEXT MEDIA
It is a means or channel that makes
Text is the backbone of information.
use of symbols (characters, letters)
It is a combination of characters and
which individuals can analyze,
symbols being used to transfer, store,
interpret, and glean information
synthesize, and analyze information.
from.
characteristics of text media

Accessible in multiple formats

Text media is not limited to books, magazines, or

newspapers. It can also come in the form of billboard,
subtitles to a movie, or an image rearranged to resemble
words.
characteristics of text media

Easily recognizable

Since this medium is widely used, it is easily recognized

as a channel of communication. If a person looks at a
phone message, they can already tell that these characters
mean something and contain information.
characteristics of text media

Provides time for consideration

Processing information takes time, but since text media

requires individuals to read and analyze the characters to
gain information, users often have time to process this
information while seeing it.
characteristics of text media

Customizable

Unlike other media forms, text information can be used to

transfer general or specific information. Additionally, text
media is often combined with other media.
characteristics of text media

Literary
Critic

Text media requires individuals to be literate in the

meaning of the characters being used. This need for
comprehension sets a limit on the capabilities of text
media.
text media

ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES
• low priced to produce
• communicates complex topics • less memorable or engaging
effectively • requires more consideration and
• clarifies other media processing
• easily changed, updated, and • based entirely on learner
customized motivation
• highly accessible
selection criteria

This refer to the key aspects that determines

the best use of text media in a scenario. Using • purpose and appropriateness to
selection criteria allows text media to be used the audience
effectively in disseminating information. • relevancy to today’s world and
society
• alignment to the organization or
individual’s objectives and
viewpoints
• sustainability and cost-efficiency
design elements &
principles

Emphasis

Emphasis focuses on highlighting or giving

importance to specific parts of the content.
design elements &
principles

Contrast

Contrast develops interest in one’s content and

elements. Two or more subjects that are entirely
different need to be placed in relation to each other.
design elements &
principles

Organization

Organization arranges all elements of the

page/media to establish a theme or cohesive
structure.
design elements &
principles

Repetition

In line with organization, this establishes

consistency and a sense of theming across the
medium.
design elements &
principles

Alignment

Alignment focuses on the positioning of all elements

on the medium.
design elements &
principles

Proximity

Proximity is focused on the location of each element

and their relation to each other. It establishes
relationship of an element with another.
visual media
 VISUAL VISUAL MEDIA
Visual media are means of
Visual are images, pictures,
communication that relies heavily on
illustrations, and diagrams that are
the reader’s ability to see and
used to convey a message both
perceive things in order for
explicitly and implicitly.
information transfer to occur.
characteristics of visual media

Minimizes text

Since information is depicted directly as images or

diagrams, the need for text has been removed.
characteristics of visual media

Delivers the message quickly

Unlike text media, visual media does not require the user
to invest large amounts of time to perceive, understand,
and process the information it is trying to send.
characteristics of visual media

Highly customizable and varied

With the rise of new media, visual information has

become a large preference for many users. Visual media
is also portrayed as simulations, games, movies, and other
interactive or engaging tools that transfer information.
characteristics of visual media

Easily updated to be relevant

Relevance and staying updated on trends are easy for

visual media since it is directly linked to observations and
depictions of life events.
characteristics of visual media

Accessible and recognizable

Since the format and modes of using visual media is

highly varied, it becomes highly accessible as well.
People can also immediately recognize visual media and
its message.
visual media

ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES
• higher priced than text media
• quick to transfer information
• requires time and effort to
• retained in the memory better
develop
• has a high level of engagement
• can’t be used effectively to
• wide audience reach
supply large amounts of
information
selection criteria

This refer to the key aspects that determines

• motivation and vision
the best use of visual media in a scenario.
• relevance and currency
Using selection criteria allows visual media to
• engaging and eye-catching
be used effectively in disseminating
• cohesive design that is
information.
understandable
design elements

• lines
• shapes
• values (degree of light and dark)
• texture (how an image looks like
how it would feel)
• color
• form (volume and thickness of
an image)
design principles

Repetition

It refers to the consistency of all visual elements and

even text in the overall medium. This is to establish
cohesiveness throughout the medium.
design principles

Center of Interest

It is the area which first attracts the attention in a

composition. It is also considered as the most crucial
part of visual media.
design principles

Balance

It refers to the visual equality in shape, form, value,

color, etc. This can be achieved based on symmetry
or asymmetry.
design principles

Harmony

Harmony is the overall composition of similar units

to form the major view of the medium.
design principles

Contrast

It offers change in value creating a visual discord in

a composition. It is often used to create emphasis by
showing the major differences of objects.
design principles

Directional Movement

It is focused on the visual flow through the

medium. It suggests the motion of objects and
how the reader will perceive them.
design principles

Rhythm

Rhythm refers to the movement in which some

elements occur regularly. It focuses on the flow
of objects.
design principles

Perspective

It is created through the arrangement of objects in

two-dimensional spaces to look like they appear in
real life.
audio media
 AUDIO AUDIO MEDIA
Audio media are means or channel
that makes use of creating sounds
Audio are perception of sounds with
which have significant meaning to
certain notes and frequencies.
collect information without using
vision.
selection criteria

This refer to the key aspects that determines

the best use of audio media in a scenario. • purpose and appropriateness to
Using selection criteria allows audio media to the audience
be used effectively in disseminating • relevancy to today’s world and
information. society
• alignment to the organization or
individual’s objectives and
viewpoints
• sustainability and cost-efficiency
design elements

Dialogue

This include speech, conversations, voice

over, etc. Any sound that make use of specific
intonations to convey messages from one
individual to another.
design elements

Sound Effects

These are additional sounds outside of music

and dialogue. These are often used to give
emphasis and setting.
design elements

Music

These are vocal or instrumental sounds

combined to produce a piece with harmony
and form.
design elements

Silence

This refers to the absence of audio or sound.

These are often used to give emphasis or set
the pacing of audio media.
design principles

Mixing

Mixing refers to the combination, balance,

and control of multiple sound elements.
design principles

Pace

Pace include time control, editing, and order

of events (linear, non-linear, and multi-linear).
design principles

Transitions

These are techniques used to move from one

segment to another. Examples include cross-
fade, V-fade, and fade-to-black.
design principles

Stereo Imaging

Stereo imaging makes use of left and right

channels to add depth to the sound.
motion media
MOTION MEDIA

Motion media are types of visual

media that simulates and represents
movements.
motion media

ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES

• increased engagement
• simulations of events that are • fixed pace
difficult to observe • misinterpretation
• skill and affective learning • high cost of production
• better understanding of processes
design elements

Speed

The pacing of the movement can be based on

additional audio or the context of the
scenario. It helps project the theme and
emotion of the information.
design elements

Direction

This is where objects move, can reflect the

progression or moving forward of information
transfer, or it can signify crucial symbolism
regarding the relationships of the characters.
design elements

Motion

These are the triggers that signify the change

in direction of an object.
design elements

Timing

This can be objective (measured in actual

units of time) or subjective (psychological
rather than the actual passage of time).
design principles

Speed, timing, transitions, sound and color