DESIGN AND PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF PARABOLIC
TROUGH COLLECTOR FOR LEMONGRASS OIL
EXTRACTOR
Under Supervision of :
Submitted by :
Dr. Vivek Kumar Gabba 2 0 11 9 1 0 9 - Vi n a y J a n g h e l
Associate Professor 2 0 11 9 9 0 4 - A k h i l e s h M i s h r a
Mechanical Engineering Department 2 0 11 9 0 7 5 - R a i Si n g h
2 0 11 9 0 3 5 - H i m a n sh u D i h e r i
NIT Raipur
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INTRODUCTION
• The project focuses on harnessing solar energy for efficient essential oil extraction from lemongrass.
• Lemongrass, renowned for its aromatic and therapeutic properties has diverse applications in
cosmetics, perfumery, and aromatherapy.
• Traditional oil extraction methods are energy-intensive ,costly and Non-environmental Friendly.
• Parabolic trough collectors offer a green energy solution for sustainable lemongrass oil production
that not only reduces greenhouse gas emissions but also lowers operational costs.
• Parabolic trough collectors are a type of concentrating solar power (CSP) technology.
• They are designed to capture and concentrate sunlight for various thermal applications.
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PR O B LE M STATE ME N T A N D
O B JE C TIV E S
•Design Optimization: Develop an efficient and cost-effective
parabolic trough collector system.
•Performance Analysis: Evaluate collector efficiency under varying
environmental conditions.
•Lemongrass Oil Extraction: Integrate solar power with the oil
extraction process.
•Economic Viability: Assess the financial feasibility of the solar-
powered system.
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LITERATURE REVIEW
• Majewska et al. (2019) comprehensively reviewed the importance and wide area of application of lemongrass oil in
medicine ,perfumery, and edible aspects. They also presented detailed discussion of all the methods of extraction
presently in use in which hydro-distillation is most commonly and industrially accepted.
• Cassel et al. (2006) evaluated mathematical model for predicting the oil recovery from lemongrass plants using steam
distillation based on Diffusion models.
• Koul et al. (2003) conducted experimental procedures to find out optimal conditions for getting highest yield from
given weight of plant.
• Raman et al.(2022) reviewed the geometrical interpretation, mathematical model and thermal performance
augmentation of parabolic trough solar collector(PTSC).
• S. said et al.(2023) successfully analysed domestic water heating parabolic solar collector with helical coil heat
exchanger using mathematical simulations in MATLAB.
• C. Tzivanidis et al.(2016) conducted detailed investigation of working fluid used in parabolic trough collector and
indicated about future aspects.
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CALCULATION FOR
AVAILABLE SOLAR
ENERGY IN THE
REQUIRED REGION
OF APPLICATION
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ESTIMATION OF
AVAILABLE SOLAR
RESOURCES
Vi s i t e d t h e f o l l o w i n g w e b s i t e f o r
estimate of all-sky surface
shortwave downward
(HTTPS://POWER.LARC.NASA.GO
V / D ATA - A C C E S S - V I E W E R / )
S T E P - 1
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After the completion of
step 1,and 2 we got the
excel sheet.
With help of it, the
following monthly
average value of solar
radiation and its graph
through the year 2022
was generated.
S T E P - 2 8
Average values
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Graph of Solar Energy
8
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Average solar irradiation[kW-hr/m2/day]
0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Months
ALLSKY_SFC_SW_DWN CLRSKY_SFC_SW_DWN 10
DESIGNING THE PARABOLIC TROUGH
SOLAR COLLECTOR
• PTSC is a line-focused type of concentrated solar collector.
• This PTSC system consists of a long trough-shaped highly
polished mirror or reflector having a parabolic cross-section,
mounted on the base frame.
• PTSCs major components are
• The reflector – like Highly polished glass
• Receiver tube- like Stainless steel Tube with surface coating
• Tracking device – Manual/automatic
• Working fluid – like Therminol oil
• Supporting structure to withstand the whole system.
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GEOMETRICAL INTERPRETATION OF PARABOLIC TROUGH
SOLAR COLLECTOR (PTSC)
• Parabola equation:
• The equation for PTSC depth or height(H) can be
obtained as
• Now due to easy availability of PTSC of aperture width
between 1-3m. The aperture is taken as a=2m.
• Aperture area is given by
l=length of PTSC
• Rim angle :
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Considering the aperture of the mirror to be 2m. We achieved other values of the PTSC using parabola 2.0 software
FINAL DESIGN OF PTSC
Parabolic
trough soar
collector
Focal Length 625.0
(mm)
Aperture(mm) 2000
Depth(mm) 400
Length(mm) 12000
Tube Glass cover Reflector
Do = 20 mm Dci = 38mm Reflectance (r) =0.96
Di = 18 mm Dco= 40mm Intercept Factor(Y) = 1
E(absorptivity) = 0.28 Ec = 0.9
∝ (absorptivity) = 0.7 ꚍ (Transmission)= 0.95
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MATHEMATICAL MODELS INVOLVING DIFFERENT TYPES OF
PERFORMANCE CALCULATION
Several assumptions were made to make the model easier to design:
1. T h e h e a t t r a n s f e r c o e f f i c i e n t i s a s s u m e d t o b e u n i f o r m t h r o u g h o u t t h e t u b e .
2. T h e r e i s I s o t h e r m a l T u b e W a l l h e a t t r a n s f e r t o W o r k i n g F l u i d .
3. H e a t L o s e b e t w e e n r e c e i v e r t u b e a n d g l a s s c o v e r i s o n l y d u e t o r a d i a t i o n b e c a u s e o f
vacuum between them.
4. T h e c o n v e c t i v e h e a t t r a n s f e r c o e f f i c i e n t b e t w e e n t h e s u r r o u n d i n g e n v i r o n m e n t a n d
the glass tube is constant.
Mathematical Model:
Av a i l a b l e a r e a a t c o l l e c t o r :
Absorbed solar radiation:
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CONTINUED…..
Heat loss from tube to glass cover
Also heat loss from glass to atmosphere
The energy balance at tube and WF is given by
Empirical Corelation of dittus boelter is
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RESULT AND DISCUSSION
F o l l o w i n g P e r f o r m a n c e p a r a m e t e r s a r e p l o tt e d b a s e d o n m a t h e m a ti c a l m o d e l s o l v e d
i n M AT L A B
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CONTINUED….
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REMAINING WORK SCHEDULE
Lemongrass Oil Extractor M a r k e t S u r v e y a n d C o s t e s ti m a ti o n
Integrating solar collector with Oil Extractor. Total Cost estimation of Required solar trough.
Calculation of required mass flow rate. Pay back period and economic analysis.
Heat Exchanger design of steam generation and Environmental impact difference due the new system.
distillation apparatus.
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REFERENCES
[1] R. K. Singh and P. Chandra, “Parabolic trough solar collector: A review on geometrical interpretation, mathematical model, and thermal performance augmentation,”
Eng. Res. Express, vol. 5, no. 1, 2023, doi: 10.1088/2631-8695/acc00a.
[2] S. D. Odeh, G. L. Morrison, and M. Behnia, “Modelling of parabolic trough direct steam generation solar collectors,” Sol. Energy, vol. 62, no. 6, pp. 395–406, 1998, doi:
10.1016/S0038-092X(98)00031-0.
[3] E. Bellos, C. Tzivanidis, and K. A. Antonopoulos, “A detailed working fluid investigation for solar parabolic trough collectors,” Appl. Therm. Eng., vol. 114, pp. 374–386,
2017, doi: 10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2016.11.201.
[4] T. Vp-, “12 to 400 C”.
[5] P. N. Alam, H. Husin, T. M. Asnawi, and Adisalamun, “Extraction of citral oil from lemongrass (Cymbopogon Citratus) by steam-water distillation technique,” IOP Conf.
Ser. Mater. Sci. Eng., vol. 345, no. 1, 2018, doi: 10.1088/1757-899X/345/1/012022.
[6] E. Majewska, M. Kozlowska, E. Gruczynska-Sekowska, D. Kowalska, and K. Tarnowska, “Lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus) essential oil: Extraction, composition,
bioactivity and uses for food preservation - A review,” Polish J. Food Nutr. Sci., vol. 69, no. 4, pp. 327–341, 2019, doi: 10.31883/pjfns/113152.
[7] E. Cassel, R. M. F. Vargas, N. Martinez, D. Lorenzo, and E. Dellacassa, “Steam distillation modeling for essential oil extraction process,” Ind. Crops Prod., vol. 29, no. 1, pp.
171–176, 2009, doi: 10.1016/j.indcrop.2008.04.017.
[8] www.google.com
[9] (https://power.larc.nasa.gov/data-access-viewer/)-NASA Site
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THANK YOU
