BILL OF RIGHTS

Learning Outcomes: The students are expected

to:
[Link] the significance of the bill of rights.
[Link] the role of the State in implementing
Article III Bill of Rights.
[Link] the importance of the Bill of Rights in
one’s own life.
BILL OF RIGHTS

Defined as the declaration and

enumeration of a person’s rights
and privileges which the
Constitution is designed to
protect against violations.
CLASSES OF RIGHTS

STATUTORY
NATURAL RIGHTS
RIGHTS

CONSTITUTIONAL
RIGHTS
NATURAL RIGHTS

Are rights posses by every citizen

without being granted by the
State for they are given to man
by God as a human being created
to His image so that he may live
happily.
NATURAL RIGHTS

Example:
Right to life
Right to love
Right to liberty
Right to property
CONSTITUTIONAL RIGHT

Are rights which are conferred

and protected by the
Constitution.
CONSTITUTIONAL RIGHT

Example:
Freedom of religion
Freedom of speech
Freedom of assembly
Right to privacy
CONSTITUTIONAL RIGHT

Example:
Equal protection
Due process
Right to vote
 STATUTORY RIGHT

Are rights which are provided by

laws promulgated by the law-
making body which designed for
the protection of every citizen.
STATUTORY RIGHT

Example:
Right to receive minimum wage

Right to adopt a child by an

unrelated person.
STATUTORY RIGHT

Example:
Right to refund
Right to access documents
Employment rights
 CLASSIFICATION OF
CONSTITUTIONAL RIGHTS

POLITICAL SOCIAL AND

RIGHTS ECONOMIC RIGHTS

RIGHTS OF THE CIVIL

ACCUSED RIGHTS
POLITICAL RIGHTS

Are rights of the citizens which

give them the power to
participate, directly or indirectly
in the establishment or
administration of the
government.
POLITICAL RIGHTS

Rights of Citizenship (Art. IV)

Rights of suffrage (Art. V)
Right to information on matters
of public concern (Art. V. Sec. 7)
 CIVIL RIGHTS

Are rights which the law will

enforce at the instance of private
individuals for the purpose of
securing to them the enjoyment
of their means of happiness.
 CIVIL RIGHTS

Includes the rights to due

process and equal protection of
the law (Art. III, Sec. 1), the
rights against involuntary
servitude (Art. III, Sec. 18)
 CIVIL RIGHTS

Religious freedom (Art. III, Sec.5)

Freedom of speech, of
expression, or of press, the right
of assembly and petition and the
right to form associations are
likewise civil rights.
 CIVIL RIGHTS

Prohibition of discrimination
based on race, ethnicity,
religion and gender.
 SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC RIGHTS

Are rights which are intended to

ensure the well-being and
economic security of the
individual.
 SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC RIGHTS

The right to property, the right to

just compensation, promotion
for social justice, utilization of
natural resources and promotion
of education, science and
technology, arts and culture.
 RIGHTS OF THE ACCUSED

They are the civil rights intended

for the protection of a person
accused of any crime, like the
right against search and seizure.
 RIGHTS OF THE ACCUSED

The right to presumption of

innocence, the right to speedy,
impartial, and public trial and
the rights against cruel,
degrading or inhuman
punishments.
 ARTICLE III, SECTION 1

No person shall deprived of life,

liberty or property without due
process of law, nor shall any
person be denied the equal
protection of the laws.
 ARTICLE III, SECTION 2
The right of the people to be secure in their persons,
houses, papers and effects against unreasonable
searches and seizures of whatever nature for any
purposes shall be inviolable, and no search warrant or
warrant of arrest shall issue except upon probable cause
to determined personally by the judge after examination
under oath or affirmation of the complainant and the
witness he may produce, an particularly describing the
place to be searched and the persons or things to be
seized.
 ARTICLE III, SECTION 2
SEARCH WARRANT
is an order in writing, issued in the
name of the people of the Philippines,
signed by a judge and directed to a
peace officer, commanding him to
search for a certain personal property
and bring it before the court.
 ARTICLE III, SECTION 2
WARRANT OF ARREST
To arrest a person designated to
take him into custody in order that
he may be bound to answer for the
commission of an offense.
 ARTICLE III, SECTION 2
Without search warrant no public
officials has the right to enter the
premises of another without
his/her consent for the purpose of
search and seizure.
 ARTICLE III, SECTION 3
The privacy of communication and
correspondence shall be inviolable
except upon lawful order of the
court, or when public safety or
order requires otherwise as
prescribed by law.
 ARTICLE III, SECTION 3

Right to privacy
is concisely defined as the right
to be left alone. Right of a person to
be free from undesired publicity.
 ARTICLE III, SECTION 4
No laws shall be passed abridging the
freedom of speech, of expression, or
of press, or the right of the people
peaceably to assemble and petition
the government for redress of
grievances.
 ARTICLE III, SECTION 5
No laws shall be made respecting an
establishment of religion, or prohibiting the
free exercise thereof. The free exercise and
enjoyment of religious profession and
worship, without discrimination or
preference, shall forever be allowed. No
religious test shall be required for the
exercise of civil or political rights.
 ARTICLE III, SECTION 6
The liberty of abode and of changing the
same within the limits prescribed by law
shall not be impaired except upon lawful
order of the court. Neither shall the right to
travel be impaired except in the interest of
national security, public safety, or public
health as may be provided by law.
 ARTICLE III, SECTION 6

LIBERTY OF ABODE AND TRAVEL

means the right of a person to have
his home in whatever place chosen
by him.
 ARTICLE III, SECTION 7

The rights of the people to information on

matters of public concern shall be recognized.
Access to official records, and to documents, and
papers pertaining to official acts, transactions or
decisions as well as to government research data
used as basis for policy development shall be
afforded the citizen, subject to such limitations as
may be provided by law.
 ARTICLE III, SECTION 8

The right of the people, including those

employed in the public and private
sectors, to form unions, associations, or
societies for purposes not contrary to
law shall not be abridged.
 ARTICLE III, SECTION 9

Private property shall not be

taken for public use without
just compensation.
 ARTICLE III, SECTION 10

No Law impairing the

obligation of contracts shall
be passed.
 ARTICLE III, SECTION 11

Free access to the courts and

quasi-judicial bodies and
adequate legal assistance
shall not be denied to any
person by reason of poverty.
 ARTICLE III, SECTION 12

Any person under investigation for the

commission of an offense shall have the right to
be informed of his right to remain silent and to
have a competent and independent counsel
preferably of his own choice. If the person cannot
afford the services counsel, he must be provided
with one. These rights cannot be waived except in
writing and in the presence of counsel.
 ARTICLE III, SECTION 12

No torture, force, violence threat,

intimidation or any other means which
vitiate the free will shall be used
against him. Secret detention places,
solitary, incommunicado, or other
similar forms are prohibited.
 ARTICLE III, SECTION 12

Any confession or admission obtained

in violation of Section 17 hereof shall be
inadmissible in evidence against him.

No person shall be compelled to be a

witness against himself.
 ARTICLE III, SECTION 13

All persons, except those punishable by reclusion

perpetua when evidence of guilt is strong, shall,
before conviction, be bailable by sufficient
sureties, or be released on recognizance as may
be provided by law. The right to bail shall not be
impaired even when the privilege of the writ of
habeas corpus is suspended. Excessive bail shall
not be required.
 ARTICLE III, SECTION 13

BAIL- given for the temporary release of

a person who is in the custody of the
law conditioned upon his appearance
before any court as required under the
conditions specified.
 ARTICLE III, SECTION 13

WRIT OF HABEAS CORPUS is a law

stating that an individual cannot be
imprisoned or held in custody inside a
prison cell unless he/she has first been
brought before a court of law.