EMBEDDED SYSTEM
NAME:MOHAMMED SOHAIL
ROLL NO:20W91A05E6
SECTION:CSE-C
YEAR:4th YEAR-1st SEM
TOPIC:EMBEDDED SYSTEM
CONTENT
WHAT IS EMBEDDED SYSTEM
CLASSIFICATION OF EMBEDDED SYSTEM
APPLICATIONS OF EMBEDDED SYSTEM
HOW DO WE IMPLEMENT THEM
What is an Embedded System?
An embedded system is combination of computer hardware
and software, either fixed in capability or programmable,
that is specifically designed for a particular function.
It is embedded as part of a complete device often
including hardware and mechanical parts.
Modern embedded systems are often based on
Microcontrollers (i.e.) CPUs with integrated memory
or peripheral interfaces), but ordinary microprocessors(using
external chips for memory and peripheral interface circuits)
are also common, especially in more-complex systems.
WHAT IS INSIDE THE EMBEDDED SYSTEM?
HARDWARE SOFTWARE
o CPU o APPLICATION
o MEMORY o OS
o I/O DEVICES o DEVICE DRIVERS
HARDWARE ARCHITECTURE OF AN EMBEDDED
SYSTEM
Examples of Embedded Systems
Embedded Systems control many of the
Common devices in use today, like-
• Digital watches
• Traffic lights
• Printers
• Mobile phones
• Medical equipments
• MP3 Players
• Robots
• Routers
• Climate control in automobiles, etc.
CLASSIFICATION OF EMBEDDED SYSTEMS
TYPES OF EMBEDDED
SYSTEMS
BASED ON PERFORMANCE AND
BASED ON PERFORMANCE OF
FUNCTIONAL REQUIREMENTS
MICRO CONTROLLER
REAL STAND
NETWORKED SMALL SCALE MEDIUM SCALE SOPHISTICATED
TIME ALONE
BASED ON PERFORMANCE AND FUNCTIONAL REQUIREMENT
1.REAL TIME EMBEDDED SYSTEM
Real-time embedded systems are defined as those systems in which the correctness of
the system depends not only on the logical result of computation, but also on the time
at which the results are produced.
Hard real-time systems (e.g.Avionic control).
Firm real-time systems(e.g.,Banking).
Soft real-time systems(e.g.,Video on demand).
2.STAND ALONE EMBEDDED SYSTEM
A standalone device is able to function independently of other hardware. This means
it is not integrated into another device.
It takes the input from the input ports either analog or digital and processes,
calculates and converts the data and gives the resulting data through the connected
device-Which either controls, drives and displays the connected devices.
For example, a TiVo box that can record television programs , mp3 players are
standalone devices.
3.NETWORK EMBEDDED SYSTEM
These types of embedded systems are related to a network to access the
resources.
The connected network can be LAN, WAN or the internet. The
connection can be any wired or wireless. This type of embedded system
is the fastest growing area in embedded system applications.
4.MOBILE EMBEDDED SYSTEMS
Mobile embedded systems are used in portable embedded devices like
cell phones, mobiles, digital cameras, mp3 players and personal digital
assistants, etc.
The basic limitation of these devices is the other resources and
limitation of memory.
Based on the Performance of the Microcontroller
Small scale embedded systems Medium scale embedded systems
These types of embedded systems are These types of embedded systems
designed with a single 8 or 16bit design with a single or 16 or 32 bit
microcontroller, that may even be microcontroller, RISCs or DSPs.
activated by a battery. These types of embedded systems
For developing embedded software for have both hardware and software
complexities.
small scale embedded systems, the
main programming tools are an For developing embedded software
editor,assembler, cross assembler and for medium scale embedded systems,
integrated development the main programming tools are C, C+
environment(IDE). +, JAVA, Visual C++, RTOS, debugger,
source code engineer tool, simulator
and IDE.
SOPHISTICATED EMBEDDED SYSTEMS
These types of embedded systems have enormous hardware and
software complexities, that may need ASIPs, Ips, PLAs, scalable or
configurable processors.
They are used for cutting-edge applications that need hardware and
software Co-design and components which have to assemble in the
final system.
ADVANTAGES OF AN EMBEDDED SYSTEM
Design and Efficiency
Accessibility
Maintenance and Reliability
Cost
Redundancies
Power
DISADVANTAGES OF AN EMBEDDED
SYSTEM
• Issue of Scalability
• Limitation of Hardware
• Difficult to change Configuration and Features
• Applied for a Specific Purpose
Applications
• Household appliances.
• Audio player.
• Cellular telephones.
• Engine controller in automobiles.
• Calculators.
• Videogames.
• Aircrafts.
• Medical equipments.
• Defense systems, etc.
HOW DO WE IMPLEMENT THEM?
MICROPROCESSOR BASED
DIGITAL CIRCUITS SYSTEMS
Faster Slower
Only propagation delay Technology Dependent
Inflexible Flexible
Functions they perform can’t be changed We need only to update the software.
easily.
Example: Example:
Communication system Personal computer,PDA’S
Ciphering algorithm Mobile phones,PLC’S
CONCLUSION
Thus embedded systems contain programmed instruction running via
processor chips. They perform control, protection and monitoring task.
In board term embedded system are programmable device or system
which are generally used to control or monitor things.
Embedded systems Has become a vital component of almost every
larger system.
If an embedded system is designed well, the existence of the processor
and of software could be completely unnoticed by a user of the device.
