BIOMASS
POWER
Presented by: John Michael B. Quiachon
OBJECTIVES
At the end of this presentation, the participants should be able to:
1 Understand what is Biomass power.
2 Enumerate the common types of biomass.
3 Know the importance of biomass.
01
BIOMASS
What is Biomass?
● Biomass is any organic matter, wood,
crops, seaweed, animal wastes, that can
be used as an energy source.
● Biomass is probably our oldest source
of energy after the sun. For thousands
of years, people have burned wood to
heat their homes and cook their food.
What is Biomass?
● Biomass gets its energy from the
sun. All organic matter contains
stored energy from the sun.
● During a process called
photosynthesis, sunlight gives
plants the energy they need to
convert water and carbon dioxide
into oxygen and sugars.
01
BIOMASS
POWER
What is Biomass power?
Biomass power generation,
which involves using organic
materials such as wood, crop
residues, and organic waste to
produce electricity, heat, or
biofuels.
TYPES OF BIOMASS
01 WOOD AND
AGRICULTURAL
02 SOLID WASTE
PRODUCTS
LANDFILL GAS ETHANOL AND
03 AND BIOGAS 04 BIODIESEL
TYPES OF BIOMASS
WOOD AND
AGRICULTUR
AL
PRODUCTS
● Most biomass used today is home
grown energy. Wood logs, chips, bark,
and sawdust accounts for about 44
percent of biomass energy. But any
organic matter can produce biomass
energy.
● Wood and wood waste are used to
generate electricity.
TYPES OF BIOMASS
SOLID
WASTE
● Burning trash turns waste into a
usable form of energy. One ton (2,000
pounds) of garbage contains about as
much heat energy as 500 pounds of
coal.
● Garbage is not all biomass; perhaps
half of its energy content comes from
plastics, which are made from
petroleum and natural gas.
TYPES OF BIOMASS
● Bacteria and fungi are not picky eaters. They eat
LANDFILL dead plants and animals, causing them to rot or
03 GAS AND
decay.
BIOGAS ● A fungus on a rotting log is converting
cellulose to sugars to feed itself. Although this
process is slowed in a landfill, a substance
called methane gas is still produced as the waste
decays.
TYPES OF BIOMASS
ETHANOL BIODIESEL
● Ethanol is an alcohol fuel (ethyl alcohol) made
04 ● Biodiesel is a fuel made by chemically reacting
by fermenting the sugars and starches found in alcohol with vegetable oils, animal fats, or
plants and then distilling them. greases, such as recycled restaurant grease.
Most biodiesel today is made from soybean oil.
● Any organic material containing cellulose,
starch, or sugar can be made into ethanol. ● Biodiesel fuels are compatible with and can be
used in unmodied diesel engines with the
existing fueling infrastructure
01
Current status
and Future
trends
GLOBAL USAGE
● In 2016, the global primary energy supply was 13.8B tons of oil equivalent or 576 exajoules
(EJ). Fossil fuels (coal, mineral oil and natural gas) constituted 81 %, nuclear power 5 % and
renewable energy sources 14 % of the total primary energy supply.
Why is it not commonly used?
● Energy Density
● Resource Availability and Seasonality
● Storage and Handling: Biomass materials
● Fuel Transportation
● Conversion Efficiency
● Land Use and Competition
● Technological Challenges
● Subsidies and Regulations
● Scale and Infrastructure
Reference
● https://www.renovainc.com/en/business/biomass/?fbclid=IwAR1lQ6ggGlyah0vckXMioVc
Ap6-9n7mx-MOD3kX1hWGJoDwylN1mCospEpA#:~:text=Biomass%20power%20generat
ion%20uses%20biological,from%20overseas%20as%20biomass%20fuel
● https://smartalternativefuels.com/blog/biodiesel-vs-diesel-common-similarities-and-differen
ces/?fbclid=IwAR2cnpZtBi6KG1VizBsrNisA3RZ3YXmJ6zv_YjIMGxVoZ44c_JFNAiTu-S
A
Research Studies
Reporter: Dinorog, Bernadette Ben E.
Objectives
• At the end of this discussion, the participants should be able
to:
a) Identify recent studies about biomass
b) Understand the concept of these studies
Optimization of the
D C Biomass Supply Chain
B for Power Generation
A with the Steam Rankine
Cycle
Dokl, M., Kravanja, Z., Čuček, L. (Jan 2023)
Modelling of Electric Power
D C Generation Plant Based on Gas
B Turbines with
A Agricultural Biomass Fuel
Riveros, L.F.R., Rodriguez, C.L.T., Diaz, N., Casas, C.R. (Apr 2023)
Reference(s)
• https://www.researchgate.net/publication/372463422_Optimization_of_the_Biomass_Supply_Cha
in_for_Power_Generation_with_the_Steam_Rankine_Cycle?fbclid=IwAR2nWQZ9hhAs5wlkQ2d
siv-j1LpjCkgGVcSD4n2db6W0aSfoEeNgC2CEXnQ
• https://www.researchgate.net/publication/370284888_Modelling_of_Electric_Power_Generation_
Plant_Based_on_Gas_Turbines_with_Agricultural_Biomass_Fuel?fbclid=IwAR1Z2yytFrbaNPRD
wTDjLFgMJIyKj-saUpqFCFfQ2RG9jE1Rbhl52ky6wHI
Existing Issues
Global Impacts
(Negative & Positive Impacts)
Presented by: Amandoron Marcelo B.
BSME 4-1
Existing Issues
1. The Greenhouse Gas Impacts of
Wood Pellet Bioenergy
The IPCC does not give a
green light to burning biomass as
an energy source. No matter what producers
like Enviva or Drax will
tell you, it’s a bad fuel choice.
Existing Issues
2. There’s Too Much Money In Bioenergy
Production
Declaring biomass wrongfully “carbon neutral” has
created cascading economic effects. The forestry
industry, especially in the US, gets
massive subsidies to produce millions of
tons of wood pellets annually
Existing Issues
3. Logging For Biomass Threatens Wildlife
Many species rely on natural forests
for habitat. From mixed pine forests
to bottomland hardwoods, forests and
wildlife are all harmed when logging
occurs. Logging is a cause for many
local and global extinctions, even here
in the US.
Existing Issues
4. To Protect Public Health, We Can’t Burn Biomass
Producing biomass creates a lot of
air pollution that can impact human
health. None of the compounds
created by wood pellet production
should be inhaled. Biomass is one of
the dirtiest energy sources out there.
Existing Issues
5. We Need That Money To Go Elsewhere, Not To
Bioenergy
They must realize that biomass wood
harvest drives both the climate and
biodiversity crisis. Instead of billions more in
dirty biomass subsidies, governments must
focus on renewables like solar and wind.
Global Impacts
POSITIVE IMPACTS
1. Renewable
As the availability of biomass sources such as
plants, manure and waste may not diminish
compared to finite fossil fuels, the alternative
source of energy is considered by many as a
renewable form of energy.
Global Impacts
2. Reduced dependence on fossil fuels
As biomass sources can be converted
to fuels and electricity, they can help in
reducing the dependence on fossil
fuels.
Global Impacts
3. Carbon neutral
refers to the state of balancing the amount of
carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions released into the
atmosphere with an equivalent amount of CO2
removed from the atmosphere or offset through
various means.
Global Impacts
4. Waste reduction
Generating energy from organic waste materials
can greatly help in waste management, which has
become a major issue in many countries.
Global Impacts
NEGATIVE IMPACTS
1. Emissions
an amount of a substance that
is produced and sent out into
the air that is harmful to the
environment, especially carbon
dioxide:.
Emission
Global Impacts
2. Deforestation
the decrease in forest areas across
the world that are lost for other uses
such as agricultural croplands,
urbanization, or mining activities. The
cutting down of trees in the forest in a
large number
Deforestation
Global Impacts
3. Cost
The construction and operating costs of
a biomass energy plant can be
expensive in relation to traditional forms of
power generation.Storage facilities require
huge space, as harnessing energy from
biomass involves numerous different
processes.
Global Impacts
3. Pollution
Outside of contributing carbon dioxide
emissions, burning biomass in a solid,
liquid, or gaseous state can also emit
other pollutants and particulate matter
into the air, including carbon monoxide,
volatile organic compounds, and nitrogen
oxides
Pollution
References
https://dogwoodalliance.org/2022/03/5-reasons-why-the-world-must-st
op-importing-bioenergy/#reciteme
https://www.nsenergybusiness.com/features/newsmajor-pros-and-
cons-of-biomass-energy-5845830/
