PAST PERFECT
CONTINUOUS
Минулий
доконаний
тривалий час
Features of use:
To express an action that was ongoing until a specified (specific) time in the
past.
She had been working as a clerk for 10 years before she resigned.
For past actions of a certain duration, which had visible consequences
(results) in the past.
They were wet because they had been walking in the rain.
As an equivalent of the Present Perfect Continuous when converting di-
rect speech into indirect speech.
He said :” She is going to the doctor, her leg has been aching for two days” –
He said that she went to the doctor, her leg had been aching for two days”
PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS
СТВЕРДЖУВАЛЬНІ РЕЧЕННЯ
Affirmative sentences in the Past Perfect Continuous (Past Perfect Progressive)
The Past Perfect Continuous tense is formed with the help of the auxiliary verb: had been (Past
Perfect form of the verb to be) in combination with the Present Participle form (the first form
of the verb ending in -ing).
We had been searching for a room for two hours before we found a free one. – Ми шукали
кімнату дві години, поки не знайшли вільну.
I had been waiting for them all morning, so I felt annoyed. – Я чекала їх весь ранок, тому я
була роздратована.
She’d been driving a car for an hour before she came to the gas station. – Вона керувала
машиною з цілу годину, поки не приїхала на автозаправну станцію
ЗАПЕРЕЧНІ РЕЧЕННЯ
In the Past Perfect Continuous, the negation is formed using the negative particle not,
which comes after had and before been.
We had not been searching for a room for two hours before we found a free one. – Ми не
шукали кімнату з дві години, поки не знайшли вільну.
I had not been waiting for them all morning, so I didn’t feel annoyed. – Я не чекала їх весь
ранок, тому я не була роздратована.
had not = hadn't
She hadn’t been driving a car for an hour before she came to the gas station. – Вона не була
за кермом з годину до того, як приїхала на автозаправну станцію.
ПИТАЛЬНІ РЕЧЕННЯ
A general question in the Past Perfect Continuous is formed by placing the auxiliary verb
had at the beginning of the sentence before the subject.
•Had you been searching for a room for two hours before we found a free one? – Ви шукали
кімнату дві години, поки не знайшли вільну?
•Had she been waiting for them all morning, so she felt annoyed? – Вона прочекала їх весь
ранок, тому вона була роздратована?
A special question in the Past Perfect Continuous is formed by a question word or phrase
placed at the very beginning of the sentence before the auxiliary verb.
•What had we been doing for two hours before we found a free room? – Що ми робили
протягом двох годин, поки не знайшли вільну кімнату?
•Whom had I been waiting all morning then? – Кого я тоді чекала весь ранок?
TIME EXPRESSIONS (MARKERS)
before – до all year (round) – весь рік
till – до (здебільшого в заперечних since 5 o’clock – з 5-ї години
реченнях) since last week – з минулого тижня
untill – до (здебільшого в заперечних since last month – з минулого місяця
реченнях) since 1991 – з 1991 року
for an hour – протягом години since last century – з минулого сторіччя
for 5 hours – протягом п'яти годин
for a day – протягом дня
for a week – протягом тижня
for a month – протягом місяця
all morning / the whole morning – весь
ранок
all day (long) / the whole day – весь день
all week / the whole week –
весь тиждень
all month / the whole month – весь місяць
