Unit 2
Domain Specific IoTs
Introduction – Applications of IoT
Home Automation
Home Automation
• Smart Lighting
• Control lighting by remotely (mobile or web applications)
• Smart Appliances
• Provide status information to the users remotely
• Intrusion Detection
• Use security cameras and sensors (PIR sensors and door sensors)
• Detect intrusions and raise alerts
• The alerts form: an SMS or an email sent to the user
• Smoke/Gas Detectors
• Use optical detection, ionization, or air sampling techniques to detect the
smoke
• Gas detectors can detect harmful gases
• Carbon monoxide (CO)
• Liquid petroleum gas (LPG)
• Raise alerts to the user or local fire safety department
Cities (1/2)
Cities
• Smart Parking
• Detect the number of empty parking slots
• Send the information over the internet and accessed by smartphones
• Smart Roads
• Provide information on driving conditions, traffic congestions, accidents
• Alert for poor driving conditions
• Structural Health Monitoring
• Monitor the vibration levels in the structures (bridges and buildings)
• Advance warning for forthcoming failure of the structure
• Surveillance
• Use the large number of distributed and internet connected video
surveillance cameras
• Aggregate the video in cloud-based scalable storage solutions
• Emergency Response
• Used for critical infrastructure monitoring
• Detect adverse events
Environment (1/2)
Environment (2/2)
• Weather Monitoring
• Collect data from several sensors (temperature, humidity, pressure, etc.)
• Send the data to cloud-based applications and storage back-ends
• Air Pollution Monitoring
• Monitor emission of harmful gases (CO2, CO, NO, NO2, etc.)
• Factories and automobiles use gaseous and meteorological sensors
• Integration with a single-chip microcontroller, several air pollution sensors, GPRS-
modem, and a GPS module
• Noise Pollution Monitoring
• Use a number of noise monitoring stations
• Generate noise maps from data collected
• Forest Fire Detection
• Use a number of monitoring nodes deployed at different locations in a forests
• Use temperature, humidity, light levels, etc.
• Provide early warning of potential forest fire
• Estimates the scale and intensity
• River Floods Detection
• Monitoring the water level (using ultrasonic sensors) and flow rate (using the flow
velocity sensors)
• Raise alerts when rapid increase in water level and flow rate is detected
Energy
Energy
• Smart Grids
• Collect data regarding electricity generation, consumption,
storage (conversion of energy into other forms), distribution,
equipment health data
• Control the consumption of electricity
• Remotely switch off supply
• Renewable Energy Systems
• Measure the electrical variables
• Measure how much the power is fed into the grid
• Prognostics
• Predict performance of machines or energy systems
• By collect and analyze the data from sensors
Retail (1/2)
Retail
• Inventory Management
• Monitoring the inventory by the RFID readers
• Tracking the products
• Smart Payments
• Use the NFC
• Customers store the credit card information in their NFC-enabled
• Smart Vending Machines
• Allow remote monitoring of inventory levels
• Elastic pricing of products
• Contact-less payment using NFC
• Send the data to the cloud for predictive maintenance
• The information of inventory levels
• The information of the nearest machine in case a product goes out of stock in
a machine
Logistics (1/2)
Logistics (2/2)
• Route Generation & Scheduling
• Generate end-to-end routes using combination of route patterns
• Provide route generation queries
• Can be scale up to serve a large transportation network
• Fleet Tracking
• Track the locations of the vehicles in real-time
• Generate alerts for deviations in planned routes
• Shipment monitoring
• Monitoring the conditions inside containers
• Using sensors (temperature, pressure, humidity)
• Detecting food spoilage
• Remote Vehicle Diagnostics
• Detect faults in the vehicle
• Warn of impending faults
• IoT collects the data on vehicle (speed, engine RPM, coolant temperature)
• Generate alerts and suggest remedial actions
Agriculture (1/2)
Agriculture (2/2)
• Smart Irrigation
• Use sensors to determine the amount of moisture in the soil
• Release the flow of water
• Using predefined moisture levels
• Water Scheduling
• Green House Control
• Automatically control the climatological conditions inside a
green house
• Using several sensors to monitor
• Using actuation devices to control
• Valves for releasing water and switches for controlling fans
• Maintenance of agricultural production
Industry (1/2)
Industry (2/2)
• Machine Diagnosis
• Sensors in machine monitor the operating conditions
• For example: temperature & vibration levels
• Collecting and analyzing massive scale machine sensor data
• For reliability analysis and fault prediction in machines
• Indoor Air Quality Monitoring
• Use various gas sensors
• To monitor the harmful and toxic gases (CO, NO, NO2, etc.)
• Measure the environmental parameters to determine the
indoor air quality
• Temperature, humidity, gaseous pollutants, aerosol
Health & Lifestyle
• Health & Fitness Monitoring
• Collect the health-care data
• Using some sensors: body temperature, heart rate, movement (with
accelerometers), etc.
• Various forms : belts and wrist-bands
• Wearable electronic
• Assists the daily activities
• Smart watch
• Smart shoes
• Smart wristbands
