Technological breakthroughs
that address our needs and
make our lives comfortable
are products of STEM-based
research.
Creative thinking and
innovative thinking are
necessary skills in producing
novel and ground-breaking
solutions to real-world
problems through scientific
research.
STEM-based
Research Problems
| Scientific Problem | General Objective | Specific Objectives |
Phases of Research Process
Research follows a step-by-step process of investigation that uses a
standardized approach in answering questions or solving problem.
Dissemination Conceptual
Phase Phase
Research
Design and
Analytic Phase Planning Phase
Empirical
Phase
Researches based on the
science, technology,
engineering, and mathematics
(STEM) track are conducted
primarily to:
• produce new scientific
knowledge;
• come up with new and innovative
technological products, devices,
and processes;
• create cost-effective designs and
structures; and
• solve real-world problems using
engineering tools.
Motivation to pursue a specific STEM-based
research
• Need to solve a particular problem
• Desire to advance the given field of study
• Love of work and profession
• Demand for new technologies
• Fascination with intellectually challenging situations
• Interest and fulfillment
Careful planning
Scientific Problem
The scientific problem is a written statement about an
issue that is usually not fully explored yet or one that
has very limited of information in scientific literatures.
SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH PROJECT
Creativity
PROBLEM Originality
Flexibility
The conduct of a scientific research can be
categorized according the following:
• Intended applications of the results of the
study
• Approaches adopted in the study
• Purpose or the goal of the study
SCIENCE TECHNOLOGY
Add the video here
BASIC RESEARCH APPLIED RESEARCH
or PURE RESEARCH
Its goal is to gain new knowledge or new It aims to develop a new process, or a new
understanding of a previously examined economical design based on the scientific
hypothesis. principles used.
Examine the following:
1. A study looking how attachment
styles among children of divorced
parents and those raised by married
parents in terms of their academic
performance.
2. A study pertaining to audio and visual
learners to measure their overall
performance in class.
3. A study pertaining to what are the
other factors why people waste too
much time.
Examine the following:
1. A study on improving energy
consumption through a home made
generator.
2. A study on improving cyber security
through a designed anti virus software.
3. A study on improving waste
management through auto-segregating
trash bins.
4. A study on improving plastic waste
reduction through recycling plastic
materials and turning it in to a eco-
tumbler.
Summary of the differences between Basic Research and Applied Research:
BASIC RESEARCH/ PURE APPLIED RESEARCH
RESEARCH
Nature Theoretical Practical
Utility Universal Limited
Concerned Developing scientific Development of
with knowledge and predictions technology and
technique
Goal To add some knowledge to the To find out solution for
existing one. the problem at hand.
Research Question
It tackles a problem or issue, and the
study's conclusion provides a solution
based on data analysis and interpretation
(Bouchrika, 2021).
Criteria of a Good Research Question
Leads to a
Hypothesis
Addresses a Real
Problem
S.M.A.R.T.
Crite
ria of
a
Leads to a Hypothesis
Good
Resea
rch
Quest Answer could be guessed using
ion
objective information and logic.
Crite
ria of
a
Leads to a Hypothesis
Good
Resea
rch
Quest Related Literature
ion
Related Studies
Criteria of a Good Research Question
Leads to a
Hypothesis
Addresses a Real
Problem
S.M.A.R.T.
Crite
ria of
a
Addresses a Real Problem
Good
Resea
rch
Quest RQ should be addressing the
ion
selected community’s problem.
Criteria of a Good Research Question
Leads to a
Hypothesis
Addresses a Real
Problem
S.M.A.R.T.
Crite
ria of
a
S.M.A.R.T.
Good
Resea
rch
Quest Qualifying on this criteria makes
ion
your research feasible.
Crite
ria of
a
Good
Resea
rch
Quest
ion
Example
R.Q.
“Can the infusion of ash increase the strength and
durability of a hollow block?”
Example
R.Q. Can a Hypothesis be
formed from the question?
“Can the infusion of ash
increase the strength and
durability of a hollow
Does it address a
block?” community’s need?
Example Can a Hypothesis be formed
from the question?
R.Q. Does it address a
“Can the infusion of ash community’s need?
increase the strength and
durability of a hollow
Is it S. M. A. R. T.?
block?”
Example Does it address a
community’s need?
R.Q.
Is it S. M. A. R. T.?
“Can the infusion of ash
increase the strength and
durability of a hollow
Can a Hypothesis be formed
block?” from the question?
Identify if the following research
questions are GOOD or BAD
research questions.
Does medication help improve
Scientific BAD RESEARCH
attention deficit hyperactivity
Problem/Question disorder (ADHD) symptoms? And
or Not QUESTION
do kids need more exercise?
Identify if the following research
questions are GOOD or BAD
research questions.
Scientific What factors affect
Problem/Question GOOD RESEARCH
people's belief in a
or Not QUESTION
supreme being?
Identify if the following research
questions are GOOD or BAD
research questions.
What are the advantages and
Scientific disadvantages of laptop use in
Problem/Question schools?
or Not
BAD RESEARCH
QUESTION
Identify if the following research
questions are GOOD or BAD
research questions.
Scientific Which effective education
Problem/Question strategies help elementary
or Not students
GOOD RESEARCHwith their
Extracurricular
QUESTION
requirements?
Identify if the following research
questions are GOOD or BAD
research questions.
Scientific Are solar-powered
Problem/Question lanterns an effective
or Not
GOOD
alternativeRESEARCH
light source in
QUESTION
terms of functionality,
cost, and longevity?
Research Objective
It clearly and concisely
describe the aims and goals
of a project while defining
their scope for investigation
General Objective Specific Objectives
Restatement of your title or General Objective is broken down
research question GO into logical and systematic parts
Describes your goal in general Shows what would happen in each
phase of the research
SOBranched out from your General
Objective
Describes the end goal
GO of your research.
FORMAT
General objective
To (process and measurable factor) of the (Variable1) of
(target community) through the (Variable2)
FORMAT
General objective
To (process and measurable factor) of the (Variable1) of
(target community) through the (Variable2)
Derived from the Research Question
“To (process and measurable factor) of the (Variable1) of
(Target Community) through the (Variable2)”
“Can the infusion of ash increase the Example
strength and durability of a hollow block?”
“To (process and measurable factor) of the (Variable1)
of (Target Community) through the (Variable2)”
“Can the infusion of ash increase
the strength and durability of a
hollow block?” Example
“To (process and measurable factor) of the (Variable1)
of (Target Community) through the (Variable2)”
“Can the infusion of ash increase
the strength and durability of a Example
hollow block?”
“To (process and measurable factor) of the (Variable1)
of (Target Community) through the (Variable2)”
“Can the infusion of ash increase
the strength and durability of a Example
hollow block?”
“To (process and measurable factor) of the (Variable1)
of (Target Community) through the (Variable2)”
hollow block
Example
increase the strength and durability
infusion of ash
“To (process and measurable factor) of the (Variable1)
of (Target Community) through the (Variable2)”
Variable 1
hollow block Example
increase the strength and durability
infusion of ash
“To (process and measurable factor) of the (Variable1)
of (Target Community) through the (Variable2)”
hollow block Example
Process and Measurable Factor
increase the strength and durability
infusion of ash
“To (process and measurable factor) of the (Variable1)
of (Target Community) through the (Variable2)”
hollow block Example
increase the strength and durability
Variable 2
infusion of ash
“To (process and measurable factor) of the (Variable1)
of (Target Community) through the (Variable2)”
hollow block
increase the strength and durability Example
infusion of ash
Target Community
residents of Porac, Pampanga affected by the earthquake
“To (process and measurable factor) of the (Variable1) of (Target
Community) through the (Variable2)”
“To (increase the strength and durability) of the
(hollow block) used on the homes of (residents of
Porac, Pampanga affected by the earthquake) through
the (infusion of ash)” Example
hollow block
increase the strength and durability
infusion of ash
residents of Porac, Pampanga affected by the earthquake
Enumeration of objectives that are
SO needed to be done to achieve the
general objective and to answer the
research question
FORMAT
Variables
• To assess…
SO Product
• To create…
SPECIFIC
OBJECTIVES
Testing
• To test…
“To increase the strength and durability of the hollow block
used on the homes of residents of Porac, Pampanga affected
by the earthquake through the infusion of ash”
Variables
• To assess the strength and durability of a common 6”
hollow block
Product
SO
• To create a 6” hollow block with infused ash
EXAMPLE
Testing
• To test the strength and durability of the ash-infused 6”
hollow block
Asynchronous
Activity
The
Scientific Individual Work: Creating General and Specific
Problem Objectives (Asynchronous)
and
Research 1. Create at least 3 research questions with
Objectives research objectives based on the topics that you
have thought of in the previous discussion.
2. Submit the Individual Work to Microsoft Teams.
Research Question 1:
General Objective:
Specific Objectives:
1.1
1.2
1.3
Research Question 2: SAMPLE FORMAT
General Objective:
Specific Objectives:
FOR
2.1
2.2
INDIVIDUAL ACTIVITY
2.3
Research Question 3:
General Objective:
Specific Objectives:
3.1
3.2
3.3
