MATH 1
Module 1 :
Whole Numbers
Instructor : Ms. Glorie Mae A. Cabrera
Learning Objectives :
At the end of this module, you will be able to:
• Identify the properties of the four fundamental operations
of whole numbers.
• Write exponential notation and perform the order of
operations
• Apply the rules and properties of whole numbers in solving
problems
Table of contents
Introduction to Operations of whole
01 whole numbers numbers
02
Exponential notation and
03 the order of operations
agreement.
This module discusses the introductory part of the
fundamentals of mathematics, in which all of the
topics, exercise applications, and a variety of
applications in solving real-life problems were
arranged from the simplest to more challenging
ones and are made easy and as simple and as clear
as possible.
Can you solve this?
Problem 1:
Your mother gave you 350 pesos. Your father gave you
425 pesos. Your grandmother gave you 850 pesos.
How many pesos do you have now?
Place the numbers 1 to 9, one in each circle so that the
sum of the four numbers along any of the three sides of
the triangle is 20. There are 9 circles and 9 numbers to
place in the circles. Each circle must have a different
number in it.
01
WHAT ARE WHOLE
NUMBERS?
Whole Numbers
Whole Numbers are exact numbers like 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9
10, . . . These numbers exist in the number line; hence they are all real
numbers, but not all the real numbers are whole numbers. They are a
set of positive numbers along with zero (0) and do not have fractions
or decimal numbers.
Number Line
The number line is composed of an endless number of points. It can be used to show the
order of whole numbers. A number that appears to the left of a given number is less than
(<) the given number. A number that appears to the right of a given number is greater
than (>) the given number.
Example: 20 > 2, 10 < 101, 18 > 8
o Even numbers: is any whole number divisible by 2.
Example: 2, 4, 6, . . . (the 3 dots mean that the list continues on and on.)
o Odd numbers: is any whole number not divisible by 2.
Example: 1, 3, 5, . . .
Natural Numbers
are positive integers (whole numbers) greater than
zero (0), can also be called counting numbers,
because when you count, you always start with 1.
Example: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, . . .
Counting Numbers
are positive integers (whole numbers), that we normally used
in counting from 1, 2, 3 and so on. They are also called
natural numbers. It does not include negative numbers,
fractions or decimal numbers.
Example: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, . . .
Integers
are like whole numbers, but they also include negative
numbers but still no fractions or decimals are allowed.
Example: {….-9,-8,-7,-6,-5,-4,-3,-2,-
1,0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9…}
NOW, LET’S TRY!
1. Place the correct symbol, < or >, between the two numbers.
a. 20 __<_ 25 b. 100 _>_ 10 c. 11 _<_ 13
2. Do the inequalities 10 < 100 and 100 > 10 express the same order relation?
3. Complete the following:
a. The smallest natural number is _______
b. The smallest counting number is ______
c. The set of the natural numbers less than 8. { ____________ }
d. { -4, -5, 1, 2, 3, } are examples of ________________
e. {5, 4, 3, 2, 1, 0 } are examples of _________________
4. Which of the following items below, does not have a whole number as an answer?
A. 202 B. 203 C. 204 D. 205
5. Which of the following might result in an answer that is a whole number?
A. A slice of pizza pie
B. Measurements in a recipe
C. The number of pupils in a class
D. The area of a computer laboratory
OPERATIONS OF
WHOLE NUMBERS
Addition
Subtraction
Multiplication
Division
Addition
is the process of combining two or more groups of numbers or
objects. The numbers used in the operation are called the terms,
the addends, or the summands.
Addends or Summands are numbers or terms added together to form the sum.
Sum is the aggregate of two or more numbers, or particulars.
Addition
Example: 48 + 84 = 132
where 48 and 84 are the addends, while 132 is the
sum.
Properties of Addition
Addition Property of Inverse Property
Zero of Addition
Zero added to a number The sum of a number and its
does not change the negative (the additive
number. inverse) is always zero.
Commutative Associative Property of
Property of Addition Addition
Grouping the addition in any
Two numbers can be added
order gives the same result.
in any order; the sum will be
1 + (2 + 3) = 6
the same.
(1+2) + 3 = 6
Words used to indicate the operation addition :
Subtraction
the process of taking away one number away from another.
The minuend, subtrahend and difference are parts of the
subtraction problems.
Minuend a quantity or number from which another is to be
subtracted. It is the first number in a subtraction.
Subtrahend a quantity or number to be subtracted from another, and it
is the second number in a subtraction.
Difference is the result or answer of subtracting one number from
another.
Subtraction
Example: 84 – 48 = 36;
where 84 is the minuend and 48 is the subtrahend
and 36, is the difference.
Words used to indicate the operation subtraction :
Multiplication
is simply a repeated addition, where a number is added to
itself a number of times. The multiplicand, the multiplier
and the product are parts of the multiplication problems.
Multiplier is the number doing the multiplying and is normally placed
first.
Multiplicand is the number being multiplied, and is placed second.
Product or Multiple is the result of multiplying or an expression that identifies
factors to be multiplied. The multiplicand and the multiplier
are both factors of the product, and these factors may be
multiplied in any order.
Factors are numbers being multiplied together.
Properties of Multiplication
Multiplication Property of Zero o Commutative Property of Multiplication
The product of a number and zero is zero. Two numbers can be multiplied in any order, the
Example: 8 x 0 = 0, 0 x 17 = 0 product will be the same.
Example: 8 x 17 = 17 x 8
o Inverse Property of Multiplication 136 = 136
o Associative Property of Multiplication
The product of a number and its inverse is one.
Example: 18 x 1/18 = 1 Grouping the numbers to be multiplied in any order
gives the same result.
o Multiplication Property of One Example: (8 x 17) x 51 = 17 x (8 x 51)
136 x 51 = 17 x 408
The product of a number and one is the number. 6936 = 6936
Example: 8 x 1 = 8, 1 x 17 = 17
Words used to indicate the operation multiplication :
Division
is a method of distributing a quantity, group of things or object
into equal parts. In other words, it splits a quantity, object
or group of things into equal parts. The division is an
operation inverse of multiplication. The dividend, divisor,
quotient, and remainder are parts of the division problems.
Dividend is the number that is to be divided.
Divisor is the number by which dividend is being divided.
Quotient is a result obtained in the division process.
Remainder is the portion of the dividend that is left over after division
Special facts about division:
When dividing something by 1, the answer will always be
the original number.
It means if the divisor is 1, the quotient will always be equal
to the dividend such as
10 ÷ 1= 10.
Division by 0 is undefined, therefore it is not allowed.
For example: 10 ÷ 0 = undefined ( ∞ ).
The division of the same dividend and divisor is always 1.
For example: 4 ÷ 4 = 1.
Zero divided by any other number is zero.
For example : 0 ÷ 8 = 0
Words used to indicate the operation division :
Awesome
words
“Mathematics without natural history is
sterile, but natural history without
mathematics is muddled”
—Someone famous
A picture is worth a
thousand words
Order of operations
Addition Subtraction Division Multiplication
Venus has high Mercury is the Mars is a very cold Jupiter is the
temperatures smallest planet place full of iron biggest planet
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