Learning Activity Sheet
Creative Technologies 9
Quarter 3 – MELC 1
Week 1 and Week 2
Intro to Logic Systems:
Grade 9
Part 1
Hello!
I am Mrs. Ralyn R. Resico.
I am your creative technology teacher.
Facebook page: Ralz Redaniel
Email:
[email protected]Contact Number: 09462094431
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BINARY ARITHMETIC
Learning Competency with Code
1. Recognize logic families
(SSP_TLE-CT9ELG -IIe-2.1)
REVIEW
▸ BINARY ARITHMETIC
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BASIC
DEFINITIONS
INTRODUCTION
▸ This chapter is designed to provide a broad introduction to
electronics, giving a foundation on which to build further studies.
The emphasis throughout is on practical work, though computer
simulation may be used to illustrate aspects of circuit behavior.
▸ In this first section, we concentrate on digital and analogue
circuits.
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BASIC DEFINITIONS
An analogue signal:
▸ gives an ‘analogy’- copies the behavior of a physical quantity. A
temperature sensor, for example, outputs a voltage that copies the
behavior of the temperature of an object. A change in temperature
produces a corresponding change in voltage.
▸ can have any value between the minimum and maximum of the
power supply.
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An analogue signal:
▸ The graph shows a typical analogue signal in a circuit powered by a 5 V
supply.
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BASIC DEFINITIONS
A digital signal:
▸ carries information in the form of a number. Electronic systems usually
employ the binary number system, which uses only the numbers 0 and 1,
coded as voltages.
▸ has only two possible values - we could decide that 0 = 0 V and 1 = 5 V,
for example. Changes between these occur instantaneously.
▸ The graph shows a typical digital signal in a circuit powered by a 5 V
supply.
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A digital signal:
▸ The graph shows a typical digital signal in a circuit powered by a 5
V supply.
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Terminology:
▸ When a digital signal is at minimum voltage
(usually 0 V,) it is referred to as a LOW signal or
LOGIC 0 signal.
▸ When the signal is at maximum voltage, it is
referred to as a HIGH signal or LOGIC 1 signal.
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Logic Gates
▸ Logic gates are the basic building block of all
digital electronic systems. They are the decision-
making units in electronic systems and there are
different types for different situations.
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The NOT gate (or inverter)
▸ The simplest form of logic gates has only one
input and one output. Its function is to invert the
input signal - it turns a logic 0 input into a logic 1
output and vice-versa.
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The NOT gate (or inverter)
▸ The symbol for a NOT gate is as follows:
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The NOT gate (or inverter)
▸ The behavior of a logic gate is summarized in a table, called a
‘Truth Table’.
▸ The truth table for a NOT gate is the simplest of all and is shown
below:
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The NOT gate (or inverter)
▸ There is also a shorthand way of writing down the
function of this logic gate, using a special type of algebra
called Boolean algebra.
▸ The Boolean expression for a NOT gate is:
▸ The ‘bar’ over the A indicates that output Q is the
opposite of input signal A.
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4 COMMON lOGIC GATES
▸ AND gate
▸ OR gate
▸ NAND gate
▸ NOR gate
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THE AND GATE
▸ The symbol for a two input AND gate is as follows:
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THE AND GATE
▸ The output is logic 1 only when input A AND
input B are both at logic 1.
▸ The Boolean expression for a two input AND gate
is: Q = A . B
▸ The ‘.’ between the A and B means AND in
Boolean algebra. 19
The Three Input AND GATE
▸ The output is logic 1 only when input A AND input B AND input C are at logic
1.
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▸ The Boolean expression for a three input AND gate is: Q = A . B . C
THE OR GATE
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THE OR GATE
▸ The output is logic 1 when input A OR input B OR both
are at logic 1.
▸ The Boolean expression for a two input OR gate is: Q =
A+B
▸ (The ‘+’ between the A and B means OR in Boolean
algebra).
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THE THREE INPUT OR GATE
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Analyzing simple logic circuits
▸ Questions may focus on individual logic gates but
are more likely to consider combinations of gates.
For example, you could be asked to complete the
truth table for a combinational logic system.
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EXAMPLE
▸ Study the following logic system carefully and then complete the truth table that
follows:
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EXAMPLE
▸ The output of the NOT gate is labelled K. The first step is to complete the
column for output K, the inverse of A. This is shown below:
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EXAMPLE
▸ The output of the NOT gate is labelled K. The first step is to complete the
column for output K, the inverse of A. This is shown below:
▸ The next step is to complete the final column. Signal Q is the output of the AND
gate which has B and K as inputs.
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Thanks!
Any questions?
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