Enterprise Java Beans
Exploring different types of EJB
Enterprise JavaBeans Components Enterprise Bean:
Are of two types: Entity & Session
Entity bean:
Are enterprise beans that persist across multiple sessions and multiple clients Are of two types:
Bean-managed persistence Container-managed persistence
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Enterprise JavaBeans Component Architecture (Contd.)
Session bean:
Perform business tasks without having a persistent storage mechanism Are of two types:
Stateful session bean Stateless session bean
EJB Types
Session Beans
Stateless Session Beans
Dont maintain state between calls
Statefull Session Beans Store state between calls
Entity Beans
Used for persistence
Problem
Richard is creating an application for a Super Mall. He needs to create an application that would accept the price of Item and would calculate the tax. Find out the type of enterprise bean to be created.
Session Beans
Life Cycle of a Stateless Session Bean
Life cycle of stateless session bean:
Does Not Exist
newInstance() setSessionContext() ejbCreate()
ejbRemove()
Method - Ready
Situation
RBS Bank wants an Currency Converter tool to convert Dollars to
Rupees. Identify the choice of EJB to create the component and
specify the code.
Solution
EJB is the appropriate technology to solve the problem:
EJB components automatically handle system level services
Enterprise bean implements the business logic only Create a stateless session bean for the above said converter application The enterprise bean consists of: Remote interface Home interface EJB class
Remote Interface:
Defines all the business methods of the enterprise bean
Steps to write the remote interface:
Import the javax.ejb.EJBObject and java.rmi.RemoteException interfaces Then, create a remote interface by extending the EJBObject interface Finally, define all the business methods that will be implemented in the EJB class
Home Interface:
Defines method that allow EJB clients to create and find EJB components Steps to write the home interface:
Import the following interfaces:
java.io.Serializable javax.ejb.CreateException java.rmi.RemoteException javax.ejb.EJBHome
Then, create a home interface by extending the EJBHome interface
define the create() method to create an instance of a particular EJB object
Then, create a home interface by extending the EJBHome interface And finally define the create() method to create an instance of a particular EJB object
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EJB Class
Implements all the business methods declared in the remote interface Steps to write the EJB class:
Import the following interfaces:
java.rmi.RemoteException javax.ejb.SessionContext javax.ejb.SessionBean
Then, create the EJB class by implementing the SessionBean interface. Then, implement the business method defined in the remote interface. write the ejbCreate(), ejbRemove(), ejbActivate(), ejbPassivate(), setSessionContext(), and the default implementation for the constructor methods
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To create the enterprise bean called CurrencyConverter, create the
following files:
Converter.java containing code for the remote interface ConverterHome.java containing code for the home interface ConverterEJB.java containing code for the EJB class
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//The remote interface
import javax.ejb.EJBObject;
import java.rmi.RemoteException; public interface myRemote extends EJBObject
{
public int methodOne(int i); }
Find out the mistake in the above code?
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Deployment process
Start the J2EE server
Start the deploytool Create a J2EE application
Package the enterprise bean
Deploy the J2EE application
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Start the J2EE server
Type the command:
J2ee verbose
Type the command:
deploytool
Package the enterprise bean
Use the New Enterprise Bean Wizard of the Application Deployment
Tool
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J2EE Application Components
A J2EE application is assembled from three components: J2EE application clients Web components Enterprise beans
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Deployment Descriptor
Is an XML file Contains the following information: The access control list (ACL) Name of the EJB class Name of the home interface Name of the remote interface A list of container-managed fields if the enterprise bean is an entity bean A value specifying if the enterprise bean is stateful or stateless, in case of a session bean
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JNDI
Is a naming service called Java Naming and Directory Interface Is used to access the enterprise bean methods Is a standard extension to the Java platform that provides multiple naming and directory services
Is used to locate and search for distributed objects
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Client Program
Steps to locate the home interface:
First, create a JNDI Naming Context
Next, use the InitialContext class to locate the JNDI name specified when the J2EE application was deployed. The lookup() method is used to lookup for the JNDI name
Finally, the object returned by the lookup() method must be cast to a variable by using the PortableRemoteObject.narrow() method
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To create an instance of enterprise bean:
The EJB client must invoke the create() method of the home interface
The remote interface defines the business methods implemented in the EJB class
The client invokes these methods by using the remote interface object
returned by the create() method Set the classpath to the remote application client.
Save and compile the application client
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Summary
A J2EE application is assembled from three components: J2EE application clients, enterprise beans, and Web components The Web component files, which are .war files and the enterprise bean and application client files, which are .jar files are assembled into a J2EE application, which has an .ear extension Deployment descriptor is an XML file that contains information about deployment of enterprise bean JNDI is a standard Java extension that provides multiple naming and directory services A naming service provides a mechanism for locating distributed objects
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Summary (Contd.)
A directory service organizes distributed objects and other resources, such as files into hierarchical structures Client uses JNDI to initiate a connection to an EJB server and to locate a specific EJB Home The steps to deploy an enterprise bean are:
Start the J2EE server Start the deployment tool Create a J2EE application and assemble the remote and home interfaces and enterprise bean class files into a .jar file Deploy the J2EE application to the J2EE server
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Summary (Contd.)
The target server is the name of the host where the J2EE server is running
The Return Client Jar file is used by the client program to locate the
server The lookup() method of the InitialContext class is used to
locate the JNDI name
The PortableRemoteObject.narrow() method is used to cast the object returned by the lookup() method to the home interface
type
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