Reflective writing
Learning objectives:
Learners will be able to write a reflective
report in healthcare context
In reflective writing, a writer primarily examines
his or her life experiences, hence the term
‘reflective’, the purpose of writing is to provide a
platform for the author to not only recount a
particular life experience, but to also explore
how he or she has changed or learned from
those experiences
The format of a reflective essay may change
depending on the target audience. Reflective
essays can be academic, or may feature more
broadly as a part of a general piece of writing for
a magazine, for instance. For class assignments,
while the presentation format can vary, the
purpose generally remains the same: tutors aim
to inspire students to think deeply and critically
about a particular learning experience or set of
experiences. Here are some typical examples of
reflective essay formats that you may have to
write:
A focus on personal growth:
A type of reflective essay often used by tutors as a
strategy for helping students to learn how to
analyze their personal life experiences to promote
emotional growth and development. Reflection
gives the student a better understanding of both
themselves and their behaviors.
A focus on the literature:
This kind of writing requires students to provide a
summary of the literature, after which it is applied
to the student’s own life experiences.
What Are Reflection Models and Why Do We
Need Them?
Even if your assignment does not give a specific
reflection model to follow, you may still want to
use one. A reflection model is a sequence of steps
to follow, or a sequence of questions to answer
when writing down your account of an
experience. When you are new to reflective
writing, reflection models can provide a much-
needed step-by-step guide.
One of the most popular and handy models is
Gibbs reflection cycle
Gibbs Reflection Cycle Example
A learning experience reported using Gibbs cycle can
look like this:
1. DESCRIPTION (What happened?)
I failed to get the interview I absolutely needed for my
dissertation.
2. FEELINGS (thinking)
What were you thinking and feeling?
For a moment, I felt helpless and frustrated. But then I
started thinking who else could give me that information.
Fortunately, two of my senior colleagues had it and
responded gladly to my request.
3. EVALUATION (What was good and bad about the
experience?)
The good thing was that I managed to get information
despite the obstacle that seemed overwhelming at the
first moment. However, this incident highlighted the gaps
in my preparation. I had no Plan B in case if my
department manager refused to be interviewed.
4. ANALYSIS (What sense can you make of the situation?)
I should have made a list of several interviewees
representing each functional area. If one of them refused
to participate, I could talk to the next one on my list. That
would have increased my chances of collecting
comprehensive data about the department performance.
5. COCLUSION (What else could you have done?)
Besides, I could have worded my invitation better and
choose the time to approach the manager more
carefully. In this case, I could have obtained the
manager’s agreement and interview.
6. ACTION PLAN (If it arose again, what would you do?)
Facing a similar problem again, I would not be
that stressed. I would accept the refusal calmly and
immediately approach the next potential interviewee on
my list.
• Following a reflection model, you can produce
a piece of writing that is coherent, persuasive
and has a strong internal structure, like in the
example above. To put it short, a reflection
model maximizes your chances of achieving a
high mark.
• However, Gibb’s reflection cycle is not the only
model suitable for writing a reflective report.
Thank you