Basic Safety Training

COURSE CODE: D2
COURSE MARK: STCW A-VI/1-4

Rev No: 00
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COURSE OBJECTIVES

After successful completion of the course the trainee will be able to:

- demonstrate competency in surviving at sea in the event of ship abandonment

- minimize the risk of fire, determine which extinguishing media to use in case of fire

- take immediate action upon encountering an accident or medical emergency; comply with emergency
procedures

- observe safe working practices and effectively communicate with others

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Basic Safety training course has been designed to meet the requirements of STCW section VI/1 and is
based on the guidelines of IMO Model Courses 1.19, 1.20, 1.13, 1.21, and consists of the following:

- Personal Survival Techniques VI/I-I

- Fire Prevention and Fire Fighting VI/I-2

- Elementary First Aid VI/I-3

- Personal Safety and Social Responsibility VI/I-4

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Course content:

- PERSONAL SURVIVAL

- Introduction
- Principles of survival at Sea
- Abandoning
- Lifesaving equipment (LSA)
- Survival Crafts
- Personal Safety Equipment
- Surviving at Sea
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INTRODUCTION:

- The history of seamenship is full of tragic events

- TITANIC – April 1912 , 1517 crewmembers and passengers lost their life

- The extended media coverage and the subsequent worldwide shock, due to the huge death toll, led to
major improvements in maritime safety. The most prevalent one was the establishment of the
International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS) in 1914, which still governs maritime
safety.

- The 1914 version was superseded by SOLAS 1929, SOLAS 1948, SOLAS 1960 (the first adopted under
the auspices of the IMO) and SOLAS 1974. SOLAS 1974 is still in force today, but it has been amended
and updated many times
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PRINCIPLES OF SURVIVAL AT SEA

- The smallest mistake can lead to drastic reduction in chances of survival

- People must remain calm, sensible, punctual and organized

- Maintaining moral

- Familiar with equipment and duties

- Leader - authority
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PRINCIPLES OF SURVIVAL AT SEA

- Life of people to be organized ASAP (limited amount of food and water)

- Duties to be assigned to each to create collective awareness of mutual dependence

- to organize the constant watch keeping 24 hrs

- to organize the constant radio watch keeping

- the guard should be put next to food and water supplies

- bow/stern watch for 24 hours

- organized socializing

- Organized fishing and taking care of fishing equipment

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- SOLAS Training Manual (SOLAS Reg III.B.V.35)

- consists of several booklets

- contain instructions and information
- shall be provided in each crew mess room and recreation room or in each crew cabin

- About life-saving appliances provided in the ship

- on the best methods of survival

- The following shall be explained in detail:

- 1 donning of lifejackets, immersion suits and anti-exposure suits, as appropriate;

- 2 muster at the assigned stations;
- 3 boarding, launching, and clearing the survival craft and rescue boats, including, where applicable,
use of marine evacuation systems;
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- 4 method of launching from within the survival craft;

- 5 release from launching appliances;
- 6 methods and use of devices for protection in launching areas, where appropriate;
- 7 illumination in launching areas;
- 8 use of all survival equipment;
- 9 use of all detection equipment;
- 10 with the assistance of illustrations, the use of radio lifesaving appliances;
- 11 use of drogues;
- 12 use of engine and accessories;
- 13 recovery of survival craft and rescue boats including stowage and securing;
- 14 hazards of exposure and the need for warm clothing;
- 15 best use of the survival craft facilities in order to survive;
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- IMO Safety Symbols

- Annex 1 - Symbols for Use in Accordance with Regulation III/9.2.3 of the 1974 SOLAS Convention, as
amended
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- IMO Safety Symbols

- Annex 2 - Recommended Symbols Indicating the Location of Emergency Equipment and Muster and
Embarkation Stations
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- Hazardous situations
- Most hazardous situation – the one when have to abandon ship

- Sinking
- Fire
- Explosion
- Collision
- Grounding
- Capsizing
- Breaking of the ship’s construction

- Precaution measures:

- Drills of crew members (and passengers) in cases of:

- abandoning the ship
- extinguishing of fire on the ship
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- Each crew member must be a part of at least one drill per a month. In case when
more than 25% of the crew wasn’t included in these drills in past month, than
drill with crew members must be done in first 24 hours after the ship leaves the
port.

- Each abandon ship drill shall include:

- 1. summoning of passengers and crew to muster stations with the alarm required by regulation 6.4.2
followed by drill announcement on the PA - public address or other communication system and
ensuring that they are made aware of the order to abandon ship;
- 2. reporting to stations and preparing for the duties described in the muster list;
- 3. checking that passengers and crew are suitably dressed;
- 4. checking that lifejackets are correctly donned;
- 5. lowering of at least one lifeboat after any necessary preparation for launching;
- 6. starting and operating the lifeboat engine;
- 7. operation of davits used for launching liferafts;
- 8. a mock search and rescue of passengers trapped in their staterooms; and
- 9. instruction in the use of radio life-saving appliances.
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- Every seafarer should be trained in:

- • Different cases of possible dangers such as collision, fire…
- • Different types of life saving equipment which is usually stored on the vessel
- • Following the directions about surviving
- • Meaning of theoretical and practical training
- • Readiness in case of emergency
- • Actions which should be done after the assembling to the muster point
- • Actions to take when abandoning the vessel
- • Actions which should be done once in water
- • Actions to be done in the life boat
- • Main dangers for ship wreckers (castaways) and basic rules for surviving

- Every operation on the vessel must be result of a team work. Team work gives better results in
performing such operations successfully.
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- On-board communications and alarm systems

- An emergency means comprised of either fixed or portable equipment or both shall be provided for
two-way communications between:
- emergency control stations
- muster and embarkation stations and
- strategic positions on board
- A general emergency alarm system complying with the requirements of paragraph 7.2.1 of the Code
shall be provided and shall be used for summoning passengers and crew to muster stations and to
initiate the actions included in the muster list.
- The system shall be supplemented by either a PA public address system complying with the
requirements of paragraph 7.2.2 of the Code or other suitable means of
- communication.

- On passenger ships the general emergency alarm system shall be audible on all open decks.
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- Emergency instructions to the crew

- Closing of the watertight openings (The doors are automatically closed, using the hydraulic system,
they are yellow-black colored with the warning that they are closing - rotating blue light and audio
signal ) and all the rest openings on board
- Preparing the boats, lifeboats, life rafts and other life saving equipment
- Preparation and lowering of the lifeboats
- Gathering of the passengers
- Using the radio equipment
- Handling the fire protection equipment
- Special obligations regarding the fires
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- Abandoning the vessel

- In case of sinking, fire or explosion, collision or a blast, stranding of a vessel, capsizeing,

- The order to abandon the vessel can be given by shipmaster only

- The decision about abandoning the vessel depends on conditions under which the accident happened,
on state of the vessel, on state of wind and sea and on experience of ship master and crew members

- . Efficient preparation depends on time left to abandon the vessel and on efficiency of the crew, which
can be achieved by frequent training, drills, exercises

- Master must decide if the crew and passengers will be safer on the vessel, or if it would be better if they
were in lifeboats. He must always have in mind all the risks and dangers of this procedure
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- Personal readiness for abandoning

- Each crew member and passenger is obligated to be familiar with the muster list as soon as they board
the vessel. They must know where the emergency equipment is placed and what their obligations are
- in case of abandoning the vessel
- or in case of fire.
- It is necessary to find out how to get to their places in case of emergency in fastest way
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- Personal readiness for abandoning

- When the general alarm goes off every person on board must:
- Masters of lifeboats with their replacements and certain other crew members approach the preparations for putting
the lifeboats and rafts into the sea

- Go to the place where they are supposed to be in case of emergency (muster list)

- Wear as much warm clothes they can put on to cover the whole body, wear hard shoes, put the helmet or warm hat
and life jacket

- Step right into the boat, not jump into the water, but if there is no way to step in it, then don’t jump from more than
4,5m

- If there is a thermal suit, then you should wear it above your clothes, and life jacket above it

- Crew members in charge of passengers must stay in their living spaces until all passengers are on their way to
lifeboats, where they need to be assembled again and have their lifejackets checked

- Stand by personnel must stay at their places until they are told otherwise
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- The need for preventing the panic

- Each procedure on the vessel should be a result of team work, especially in cases of danger or
emergency. To prevent panic in case of emergency, SOLAS convention introduced the rules to which
every country that signed it must obey. These are the rules regarding the obligations of crew members
in case of:

- • Fire
- • Abandon

- Permanent obligations for each crew member are described by these rules, depending on their positions
in the vessel. Their obligations do not change if new person comes to the certain position, which is
common on vessels.

- The list must be prepared by the master before the voyage

- This muster list on passenger ship must be signed by the master and nautical inspector from the port
authority, but on merchant ship it is enough for the master to sign it
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- Muster list and emergency instructions

- This regulation applies to all ships

- Clear instructions to be followed in the event of an emergency shall be provided for every person on board

- In the case of passenger ships these instructions shall be drawn up in the language or languages required by the ship’s
flag State and in the English language.

- Muster lists and emergency instructions complying with the requirements of regulation 37 shall be exhibited in
conspicuous places throughout the ship including the:
- - navigating bridge
- - engine-room
- - crew accommodation spaces.

- Illustrations and instructions in appropriate languages shall be posted in passenger cabins and be conspicuously
displayed at muster stations and other passenger spaces to inform passengers of:
- * their muster station;
- * the essential actions they must take in an emergency; and
- * the method of donning lifejackets.
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- Obligations of the crew toward the passengers

- • Warning the passengers

- • Check the passengers equipment (warm clothes) and proper usage of life jacket
- • Keep order in passages and alleyways and control passengers moving
- • Check if the additional blankets are in the lifeboats

- In the muster list there should also be the officers assigned for maintaining the safety equipment. There
should also be replacements for each important person.
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- Crew duties – lowering of the lifeboat
- • Closing watertight doors and scuttles and other hatches on the vessel
- • Preparing the boats, lifeboats, liferafts, rescue boats
- • Preparing and lowering the lifeboats
- • Gathering of the passengers
- • Using the radio equipment
- • Handling the fire protection equipment
- • Special duties regarding the fire fighting

- Boats are placed on the deck on davits, where the preparations should be done
- The davits are usually gravitational type
- Only the master or his deputy can give the order to lower the boats
- The list of people assigned to which boat is in the muster list and near the boats.
- While working around the boats, the crew should be wearing proper safety clothes
(helmet, shoes, gloves…)
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- Procedure for lowering:
- • Take off the covers from boats, winches and ropes
- • Release the lashing to detach the boat from the davit
- • Mount the plugs on the bottom of the boat
- • Put the fenders on, release the ropes and throw them inside of a boat
- • lower the boat slowly and carefully
- • Attach the bow and stern ropes (painters)
- • Check that nobody is in the place where the boat is being lowered to
- • Handle the break
- • Do a head count
- • When the crew is inside of the boat, continue with lowering it carefully using the boat hook, when
the boat is inside of a sea release the sheaves at bow and stern and stern rope.
- • Use the rudder to get the bow in vessel direction so that the person which was handling the
lowering can get in
- • Release the bow rope and move away from the vessel to the safe distance.
- • Gather the rest boats and rafts around and tie them together (15m in between), to make the
compound of the vessels, which is easier to spot. It also helps people to feel better and can be helpful
case there is more equipment at disposal this way.
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- The instruction of command about abandoning the vessel

- When have all the conditions for abandoning the vessel, the order to abandon it can be given only from
the shipmaster, or his deputy.

- The estimate depends on master’s opinion if it would be better if everybody stays on the vessel, or if
everybody would be safer of the vessel.

- Master have to measure and account for all the risks and dangers of the procedure of abandoning the
vessel.
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- LIFESAVING EQUIPMENT

- SURVIVAL CRAFTS
- a) Lifeboats
- b) Rescue boats
- c) Life rafts

- PERSONAL LIFE-SAVING APPLIANCES

- a) Lifebuoys
- b) Lifejackets
- c) Immersion suits
- d) Anti-exposure suits
- e) Thermal protective aids
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APPLIANCES
- Lifebuoys (specifications)

- Every lifebuoy shall:

- Outer diameter of not more than 800 mm and an inner diameter of not less than
- 400 mm;
- Constructed of inherently buoyant material
- be capable of supporting not less than 14.5 kg of iron in fresh water for a period of 24 h
- have a mass of not less than 2.5 kg
- not sustain burning or continue melting after being totally enveloped in a fire for a period
- of 2 s
- be constructed to withstand a drop into the water from the height at which it is stowed
- above the waterline in the lightest seagoing condition or 30 m, whichever is the greater,
without impairing either its operating capability or that of its attached components
- if it is intended to operate the quick release arrangement provided for the self-activated
- smoke signals and self-igniting lights, have a mass sufficient to operate the quick release
- arrangement
- be fitted with a grabline not less than 9.5 mm in diameter and not less than 4 times the
- outside diameter of the body of the buoy in length. The grabline shall be secured at four
- equidistant points around the circumference of the buoy to form four equal loops.
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APPLIANCES
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APPLIANCES
- Lifebuoy self-igniting lights

- Self-igniting lights required by regulation III/7.1.3 shall:

- be such that they cannot be extinguished by water;

- be of white colour and capable of either burning continuously with a luminous intensity
- of not less than 2 cd in all directions of the upper hemisphere or flashing (discharge
- flashing) at a rate of not less than 50 flashes and not more than 70 flashes per min with at
- least the corresponding effective luminous intensity

- be provided with a source of energy capable of meeting the requirement of paragraph 2.1.2.2 for a
period of at least 2 h

- be capable of withstanding the drop test required by paragraph 2.1.1.6.

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APPLIANCES
- Lifebuoy self-igniting lights
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APPLIANCES
- Lifebuoy self-activating smoke signals

- Self-activating smoke signals required by regulation III/7.1.3 shall:

- emit smoke of a highly visible colour at a uniform rate for a period of at least 15 minwhen floating in
calm water

- not ignite explosively or emit any flame during the entire smoke emission time of the
- Signal

- not be swamped in a seaway

- continue to emit smoke when fully submerged in water for a period of at least 10 s

- be capable of withstanding the drop test required by paragraph 2.1.1.6.

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APPLIANCES
- Lifebuoy self-activating smoke signals
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APPLIANCES
- Buoyant lifelines

- Buoyant lifelines required by regulation III/7.1.2 shall:

- be non-kinking

- have a diameter of not less than 8 mm

- have a breaking strength of not less than 5 kN

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APPLIANCES
- Buoyant lifelines
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APPLIANCES
- Lifejackets

- General requirements for lifejackets

- A lifejacket shall not sustain burning or continue melting after being totally enveloped in a fire
- for a period of 2 s

- An adult lifejacket shall be so constructed that:

- at least 75% of persons, who are completely unfamiliar with the lifejacket, can correctly don it within a
period of one min without assistance, guidance or prior demonstration
- after demonstration, all persons can correctly don it within a period of one min without assistance
- it is clearly capable of being worn in only one way or, as far as is practicable, cannot be donned
incorrectly
- it is comfortable to wear
- it allows the wearer to jump from a height of at least 4.5 m into the water without injury and without
dislodging or damaging the lifejacket.
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APPLIANCES
- Lifejackets

- An adult lifejacket shall have sufficient buoyancy and stability in calm fresh water to:

- lift the mouth of an exhausted or unconscious person not less than 120 mm clear of the water with the
body inclined backwards at an angle of not less than 20° from the vertical position

- turn the body of an unconscious person in the water from any position to one where the mouth is clear
of the water in not more than 5 s

- An adult lifejacket shall allow the person wearing it to swim a short distance and to board a
- survival craft

- A child lifejacket shall be constructed and perform the same as an adult lifejacket except as
- follows:
- donning assistance is permitted for small children
- it shall only be required to lift the mouth of an exhausted or unconscious wearer clear of the water a
distance appropriate to the size of the intended wearer
- assistance may be given to board a survival craft, but wearer mobility shall not be significantly reduced
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APPLIANCES
- Lifejackets

- Adult lifejacket
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APPLIANCES
- Lifejackets

- In addition to the markings required by paragraph 1.2.2.9 , a child lifejacket shall be marked with:

- the height or weight range for which the lifejacket will meet the testing and evaluation criteria
recommended by the Organization

- a "child" symbol as shown in the "child's lifejacket" symbol adopted by the Organization

- A lifejacket shall have buoyancy which is not reduced by more than 5% after 24h submersion in
- fresh water

- Each lifejacket shall be fitted with a whistle firmly secured by a cord

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APPLIANCES
- Lifejackets

- Child Lifejacket
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APPLIANCES
- Inflatable lifejackets

- A lifejacket which depends on inflation for buoyancy shall have not less than two separate
- compartments and comply with the requirements of paragraph 2.2.1 and shall

- inflate automatically on immersion, be provided with a device to permit inflation by a single manual
motion and be capable of being inflated by mouth

- in the event of loss of buoyancy in any one compartment be capable of complying with the
requirements of paragraphs 2.2.1.2, 2.2.1.3 and 2.2.1.4

- comply with the requirements of paragraph 2.2.1.7 after inflation by means of the automatic
mechanism.
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APPLIANCES
- Lifejackets

- Inflatable Lifejacket
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APPLIANCES
- Lifejacket lights

- Each lifejacket light shall:

- have a luminous intensity of not less than 0.75 cd in all directions of the upper hemisphere
- have a source of energy capable of providing a luminous intensity of 0.75 cd for a period of at least 8 h
- be visible over as great a segment of the upper hemisphere as is practicable when attached to a
lifejacket

- be of white color

- If the light referred to in paragraph 2.2.3.1 is a flashing light it shall, in addition

- be provided with a manually operated switch

- flash at a rate of not less than 50 flashes and not more than 70 flashes per min with an effective
luminous intensity of at least 0.75 cd.
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APPLIANCES
- Lifejackets

- Inflatable Lifejacket light

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APPLIANCES
- Immersion suits

- General requirements for immersion suits

- The immersion suit shall be constructed with waterproof materials such that:
- it can be unpacked and donned without assistance within 2 min, taking into account any associated
clothing and a lifejacket if the immersion suit is to be worn in conjunction with a lifejacket

- it will not sustain burning or continue melting after being totally enveloped in a fire for a period of 2 s

- it will cover the whole body with the exception of the face. Hands shall also be covered unless
permanently attached gloves are provided

- it is provided with arrangements to minimize or reduce free air in the legs of the suit

- following a jump from a height of not less than 4.5 m into the water there is no undue
- ingress of water into the suit
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APPLIANCES
- Immersion suits

- An immersion suit shall permit the person wearing it, and also wearing a lifejacket if the immersion
suit is to be worn in conjunction with a lifejacket, to:

- climb up and down a vertical ladder at least 5 m in length

- perform normal duties associated with abandonment
- jump from a height of not less than 4.5 m into the water without damaging or dislodging the immersion
suit, or being injured
- swim a short distance through the water and board a survival craft

- An immersion suit which has buoyancy and is designed to be worn without a lifejacket shall be fitted
with a light complying with the requirements of paragraph 2.2.3 and the whistle prescribed by
paragraph 2.2.1.8

- If the immersion suit is to be worn in conjunction with a lifejacket, the lifejacket shall be worn over the
immersion suit. A person wearing such an immersion suit shall be able to don a lifejacket without
assistance.
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APPLIANCES
- Immersion Suit
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APPLIANCES
- Immersion suits

- Thermal performance requirements for immersion suits

- An immersion suit made of material which has no inherent insulation shall be:

- marked with instructions that it must be worn in conjunction with warm clothing
- so constructed that, when worn in conjunction with warm clothing, and with a lifejacket if the
immersion suit is to be worn with a lifejacket, the immersion suit continues to provide sufficient
thermal protection, following one jump by the wearer into the water from aheight of 4.5 m, to ensure
that when it is worn for a period of 1h in calm circulating water at a temperature of 5°C, the wearer's
body core temperature does not fall more than 2°C.

- An immersion suit made of material with inherent insulation, when worn either on its own or with a
lifejacket, if the immersion suit is to be worn in conjunction with a lifejacket, shall provide the wearer
with sufficient thermal insulation, following one jump into the water from a height of 4.5 m, to ensure
that the wearer's body core temperature does not fall more than 2°C after a period of 6h immersion in
calm circulating water at a temperature of between 0°C and 2°C.
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APPLIANCES
- Immersion suits

- Buoyancy requirements

- A person in fresh water wearing either an immersion suit or an immersion suit with a lifejacket,
- shall be able to turn from a face-down to a face-up position in not more than 5 s.
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APPLIANCES
- Anti-exposure suits

- General requirements for anti-exposure suits

- The anti-exposure suit shall be constructed with waterproof materials such that it:
- provides inherent buoyancy of at least 70 N
- is made of material which reduces the risk of heat stress during rescue and evacuation operations
- covers the whole body with the exception of the head and hands and, where the Administration so
permits, feet; gloves and a hood shall be provided in such a manner asto remain available for use with
the anti-exposure suits
- can be unpacked and donned without assistance within 2 min
- does not sustain burning or continue melting after being totally enveloped in a fire for a
- period of 2 s
- is equipped with a pocket for a portable VHF telephone; and has a lateral field of vision of at least 120°.
- An anti-exposure suit which also complies with the requirements of section 2.2 may be classified as a
lifejacket
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APPLIANCES
- Anti-exposure suits

- General requirements for anti-exposure suits

- An anti-exposure suit shall permit the person wearing it, to:

- climb up and down a vertical ladder of at least 5 m in length
- 2 jump from a height of not less than 4.5 m into the water with feet first, without damaging or
dislodging the suit, or being injured
- swim through the water at least 25 m and board a survival craft
- don a lifejacket without assistance
- perform all duties associated with abandonment, assist others and operate a rescue boat
- An anti-exposure suit shall be fitted with a light complying with the requirements of paragraph 2.2.3
and the whistle prescribed by paragraph 2.2.1.8
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APPLIANCES
- Anti-exposure Suit
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APPLIANCES
- Thermal protective aids

- A thermal protective aid shall be made of waterproof material having a thermal conductance of not
more than 7800 W/(m2.K) and shall be so constructed that, when used to enclose a person, it shall
reduce both the convective and evaporative heat loss from the wearer's body.

- The thermal protective aid shall:

- cover the whole body of persons of all sizes wearing a lifejacket with the exception of theface. Hands
shall also be covered unless permanently attached gloves are provided

- be capable of being unpacked and easily donned without assistance in a survival craft or rescue boat

- permit the wearer to remove it in the water in not more than 2 min, if it impairs ability to swim

- The thermal protective aid shall function properly throughout an air temperature range -30°C to
+20°C.
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APPLIANCES

Thermal protective aid

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APPLIANCES

Thermal protective aid

D2 – BASIC SAFETY TRAINING -SURVIVAL CRAFTS
- SURVIVAL CRAFTS

- LIFERAFTS

- General requirements for liferafts

- Construction of liferafts
- Every liferaft shall be so constructed as to be capable of withstanding exposure for 30 days afloat
- in all sea conditions

- The liferaft shall be so constructed that when it is dropped into the water from a height of 18 m, the
liferaft and its equipment will operate satisfactorily. If the liferaft is to be stowed at a height of more
than 18 m above the waterline in the lightest seagoing condition, it shall be of a type which has been
satisfactorily drop-tested from at least that height
- The floating liferaft shall be capable of withstanding repeated jumps on to it from a height of at least
4.5 m above its floor both with and without the canopy erected
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- SURVIVAL CRAFT

- LIFERAFTS
- The liferaft and its fittings shall be so constructed as to enable it to be towed at a speed of 3 knots
- in calm water when loaded with its full complement of persons and equipment and with one of its
- sea-anchors deployed.
- The liferaft shall protect occupants from weather exposure.
- its interior shall be of a color that does not cause discomfort to the occupants
- each entrance shall be clearly indicated and be provided with efficient adjustable closing arrangements
which can be easily and quickly opened by persons clothed in immersion suits from inside and outside,
and closed from inside, the liferaft so as to permit ventilation but exclude seawater, wind and cold.
Liferafts accommodating more than eight persons shall have at least two diametrically opposite
entrances;
- it shall admit sufficient air for the occupants at all times, even with the entrances closed
- it shall be provided with at least one viewing port
- it shall be provided with means for collecting rain water
- it shall be provided with means to mount a survival craft radar transponder at a height of
- at least 1 m above the sea; and
- it shall have sufficient headroom for sitting occupants under all parts of the canopy.
D2 – BASIC SAFETY TRAINING -SURVIVAL CRAFTS
- LIFERAFT (davit launched)
-
D2 – BASIC SAFETY TRAINING -SURVIVAL CRAFTS
- LIFERAFT (HRU)
-
D2 – BASIC SAFETY TRAINING -SURVIVAL CRAFTS
- LIFERAFTS (Equipment)

- - The rope and navigation anchor

- Anchor helps the stability of the raft – 2 pcs, one spare

- helps to decrease the rolling of the raft
- Tied to the raft that it is best positioned to the wind
- Keep the openings on the raft out of the wind direction
- Shape of a parachute, light material, today it is in shape of cone.
- Synthetic material, porous with no opening at the end.
- Very easy to take out
- Increase the stability and prevent the raft from capsize
D2 – BASIC SAFETY TRAINING -SURVIVAL CRAFTS
- LIFERAFTS (Equipment)

- - Lights

- One light positioned at the top of the roof cover

- Other one inside of the raft
- Lights go on automatically when the raft is inflated or in contact with water
- It is possible to switch off light during daytime
D2 – BASIC SAFETY TRAINING -SURVIVAL CRAFTS
- LIFERAFTS (Equipment)

- Buoyant Rescue Quoit

- One buoyant rescue quoit, attached to not less than 30 m of buoyant line. Used to assist the recovery of
additional survivors
D2 – BASIC SAFETY TRAINING -SURVIVAL CRAFTS
- LIFERAFTS (Equipment)

- Floating Knife
- One safety knife of the non-folding type, having a buoyant handle and lanyard attached. It should be
stowed on the exterior of the canopy near to that point to which the painter is secured.

- In addition, a life raft which is permitted to accommodate 13 persons or more shall be provided with a
second knife which need not be of the non-folding type.
D2 – BASIC SAFETY TRAINING -SURVIVAL CRAFTS
- LIFERAFTS (Equipment)

- Bailer
- One buoyant bailer for every life raft which is permitted to accommodate not more than twelve
persons. Two buoyant bailers for life rafts which accommodate thirteen persons or more.
D2 – BASIC SAFETY TRAINING -SURVIVAL CRAFTS
- LIFERAFTS (Equipment)

- Sponge
- Two sponges, one being theoretically for drying out the floor of the raft, while the other may be used to
collect condensation from the inner canopy
D2 – BASIC SAFETY TRAINING -SURVIVAL CRAFTS
- LIFERAFTS (Equipment)

- Two sea anchors, often called drogues. Each fitted with a shock resistant hawser and tripping line.
- The purpose of the drogues is to restrict the drift rate of the liferaft and reduce the risk of capsize. It is
especially required if the life raft is engaged in helicopter operations .
D2 – BASIC SAFETY TRAINING -SURVIVAL CRAFTS
- LIFERAFTS (Equipment)

- Paddles
- Two (2) buoyant paddles used to assist the manoeuvring of the raft away from the ship’s side. The
paddles may also make useful splints for administration of first aid to possible broken limbs of injured
parties.
D2 – BASIC SAFETY TRAINING -SURVIVAL CRAFTS
- LIFERAFTS (Equipment)

- Tin Opener
- Three (3) tin openers. These may be incorporated with the safety knives
D2 – BASIC SAFETY TRAINING -SURVIVAL CRAFTS
- LIFERAFTS (Equipment)

- Whistle
- One whistle or equivalent sound signal
D2 – BASIC SAFETY TRAINING -SURVIVAL CRAFTS
- LIFERAFTS (Equipment)

- Buoyant Smoke Signal

- Two (2) buoyant smoke signals. This pyro tech equipment is held in compact container with a buoyant
nature so that it can float on the water surface to signal distress situation.
D2 – BASIC SAFETY TRAINING -SURVIVAL CRAFTS
- LIFERAFTS (Equipment)

- Rocket Parachute Flare

- Four (4) rocket parachute flares. As the name suggests, the equipment has a flare which is launched at
minimum height of 300m in the air, where it self-activates to produce intense red smoke. A parachute
opens up and reduces the rate of decent which gives more time to the flare to remain at a height and to
provide a clear view to nearby ships or help.
D2 – BASIC SAFETY TRAINING -SURVIVAL CRAFTS
- LIFERAFTS (Equipment)

- Red Hand Flare

- Six (6) hand-held flares. A hand flare is a small stick which when activated, produces an intense red
smoke or light without an explosion.
D2 – BASIC SAFETY TRAINING -SURVIVAL CRAFTS
- LIFERAFTS (Equipment)

- Waterproof Torch
- One (1) waterproof electric torch, suitable for morse signalling.
- One (1) spare set of batteries and
- One (1) spare bulb
- In a waterproof container.
D2 – BASIC SAFETY TRAINING -SURVIVAL CRAFTS
- LIFERAFTS (Equipment)

- Radar Reflector
- One (1) efficient radar reflector. For reflecting radar signals back to their source. Used to inform a
position to rescue squads while at open sea.
D2 – BASIC SAFETY TRAINING -SURVIVAL CRAFTS
- LIFERAFTS (Equipment)

- Daylight Signal Mirror

- One (1) heliograph (daylight signalling mirror). Silvered sheet of metal which fits into the operator’s
hand. It is used to reflect the sun’s rays in the direction of a potential rescue aircraft or surface vessel.
In marine use it is a means of attracting attention and it would be extremely unlikely that the
instrument could be used to transmit morse code successfully from a small boat or raft which would
probably be moving in an erratic manner in swell and/or sea.
D2 – BASIC SAFETY TRAINING -SURVIVAL CRAFTS
- LIFERAFTS (Equipment)

- Fishing Tackle
- One set of fishing tackle, usually comprising a fishing line and six hooks. Any fish caught should be
treated with reserve as it may be of a poisonous variety. Fish, in any case, are not recommended to be
eaten unless a plentiful supply of water is available. Should the raft become badly torn fishing gear can
be used for repair.
D2 – BASIC SAFETY TRAINING -SURVIVAL CRAFTS
- LIFERAFTS (Equipment)

- Signal Diagram
- One (1) copy of the lifesaving signals, referred to in Regulation V/16, on a waterproof card or in a
waterproof container.
D2 – BASIC SAFETY TRAINING -SURVIVAL CRAFTS
- LIFERAFTS (Equipment)

- Thermal Protective Aid

- Thermal protective aids which comply with Regulation 34, in sufficient numbers for 10 per cent of the
people that the life raft is permitted to accommodate, or two (2), whichever is the greater.
D2 – BASIC SAFETY TRAINING -SURVIVAL CRAFTS
- LIFERAFTS (Equipment)

- Food Ration
- A food ration totalling not less than 10,000 kJ for each person the life raft is permitted to accommodate.
These rations should be contained in airtight packages and stowed in watertight containers.
D2 – BASIC SAFETY TRAINING -SURVIVAL CRAFTS
- LIFERAFTS (Equipment)

- Fresh Water
- Fresh water in watertight receptacles amounting to 1.5 litres per person that the raft is permitted to
accommodate, of which 0.5 litres per person may be replaced by a de-salting apparatus capable of
producing an equal amount of water in two days.
D2 – BASIC SAFETY TRAINING -SURVIVAL CRAFTS
- LIFERAFTS (Equipment)

- Graduated Drinking Cup

- One rustproof graduated drinking vessel (usually plastic).
D2 – BASIC SAFETY TRAINING -SURVIVAL CRAFTS
- LIFERAFTS (Equipment)

- Survival Instruction
- One (1) set of instructions on survival.
D2 – BASIC SAFETY TRAINING -SURVIVAL CRAFTS
- LIFERAFTS (Equipment)

- Immediate Action Card

- One set of instructions on immediate actions
D2 – BASIC SAFETY TRAINING -SURVIVAL CRAFTS
- LIFERAFTS (Equipment)

- Sea-sickness Medicine
- Six (6) doses of anti sea-sickness medicine (sea-sick tablets) and one (1= sea-sickness bag for each
person the raft is permitted to accommodate
D2 – BASIC SAFETY TRAINING -SURVIVAL CRAFTS
- LIFERAFTS (Equipment)

- First Aid Kit

- One (1) first aid outfit in waterproof case capable of being closed tightly after use
D2 – BASIC SAFETY TRAINING -SURVIVAL CRAFTS
- LIFERAFTS

- Advice to the responsible person

-
- There should always be a watch at the entrance of the raft so that the vessels and the planes wouldn’t
be missed. You should have a person open and observe a bit through the opening in small periods of
time. There should also be a person who will have the responsibility to dry the raft from the inside with
a sponge, because of all the moisture which is bad for the raft and for the people.
D2 – BASIC SAFETY TRAINING -SURVIVAL CRAFTS
- LIFERAFTS

- Protection from the cold and heat

-
- The base must be inflated
- Different materials in the safety equipment can be used as additional insulation such as foamy rubber
and paper which you can put on the floor of the raft.
- It is far more important to have something warm bellow than above
- When the sun is strong deflate the base of the raft because sea makes it colder, and keep the entrances
opened.
- Control the position of the raft in depending on the wind direction, by using the anchor, to get the draft.
- Protect the face and head from the sun.
- At night dry the raft from inside very well, inflate the base and close the entrances if you think that is
necessary.
D2 – BASIC SAFETY TRAINING -SURVIVAL CRAFTS
- LIFERAFTS

- Food rations
-
- Don’t give the food to anyone in first 24 hours.
- It is easier to get over the sea sickness and the body is still strong enough to get used to the new
conditions of being on raft.
- Divide the food in same portions, so that everybody gets the food after 24 hours, and three times in 24
hours.
- There is enough food for 4-5 days for every person inside the raft.
- The rain you can use as the water for drinking and you can take it from the pockets on the raft
designed for catching it.
- Don’t drink the first water you get from there because it is salted from washing the raft. So you throw
the first one out, and use or store the rest.
D2 – BASIC SAFETY TRAINING -SURVIVAL CRAFTS
- LIFERAFTS

- Food rations
-
- Don’t give the food to anyone in first 24 hours.
- It is easier to get over the sea sickness and the body is still strong enough to get used to the new
conditions of being on raft.
- Divide the food in same portions, so that everybody gets the food after 24 hours, and three times in 24
hours.
- There is enough food for 4-5 days for every person inside the raft.
- The rain you can use as the water for drinking and you can take it from the pockets on the raft
designed for catching it.
- Don’t drink the first water you get from there because it is salted from washing the raft. So you throw
the first one out, and use or store the rest.
KONTAKT
Email
[email protected]

Phone
051/444-800

Website
www.zorovic.hr

Office
Trpimirova 2/10, 51000 Rijeka

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