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Forces On Curved Surfaces 1

The document discusses calculating the total hydrostatic force on curved surfaces submerged in liquid. It explains that the total force has horizontal and vertical components. The horizontal component is equal to the pressure on the vertical projection of the surface. The vertical component is equal to the weight of the real or imaginary liquid above the surface. It provides equations to calculate the horizontal and vertical forces and their resultant total force. It also provides two examples of how to apply this to cases where liquid is above or below a curved surface.

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2K views13 pages

Forces On Curved Surfaces 1

The document discusses calculating the total hydrostatic force on curved surfaces submerged in liquid. It explains that the total force has horizontal and vertical components. The horizontal component is equal to the pressure on the vertical projection of the surface. The vertical component is equal to the weight of the real or imaginary liquid above the surface. It provides equations to calculate the horizontal and vertical forces and their resultant total force. It also provides two examples of how to apply this to cases where liquid is above or below a curved surface.

Uploaded by

Yours Pamore
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Total Hydrostatic Force on Curved Surfaces

In the case of curved surface submerged in liquid at rest, it is more convenient to


deal with the horizontal and vertical components of the total force acting on the
surface. 

Note: the discussion here is also applicable to plane surfaces.

Horizontal Component

The horizontal component of the total hydrostatic force on any surface is equal to the
pressure on the vertical projection of that surface. The resultant force of the horizontal
component can be located through the center of pressure of this projection.

𝑭 𝒉 =𝒑 𝒄𝒈 𝑨
Where A is the vertically projected area of the curved surface.
Vertical Component
The vertical component of the total hydrostatic force on any surface is equal to the weight
of either real or imaginary liquid above it. The resultant of the vertical component can be
located through the centroid of this column.

𝑭 𝒗=𝜸 𝑽
Where V is the volume of water (real or virtual) above the curved surface.

Total Hydrostatic Force

𝑭=√ 𝑭 𝑯 +𝑭 𝑽 2 2

Acting normally to the surface at an angle with respect to the horizontal.


Case 1: Liquid is above the curve surface
The vertical component of the hydrostatic force is downward and equal to the volume of the
real liquid above the submerged surface.
Case 2: Liquid is below the curve surface

The vertical component of the hydrostatic force is going upward and equal to the volume of
the imaginary liquid above the surface.
1. The quarter-circular arched gate is 3 ft wide, is pinned at A, and rests on the smooth support at B. Determine
the reactions at these supports due to the water pressure.

Solution:
The horizontal component of the resultant force acting on
the gate is equal to the pressure force on the vertically
projected area of the gate.
The vertical component of the resultant force acting on the gate is equal to the weight of the column of water
above the gate shown:

 
or 3.37 kips
 

or 3.37 kips
2. Gate AB has a width of 0.5 m and a radius of 1 m. Determine the horizontal and vertical components of
reaction at the pin A and the horizontal reaction at the smooth stop B due to the water pressure.

Solution:

 
 

𝑥 =¿ ¿
The tank in the figure is 3m
wide into the paper. Neglecting
atmospheric pressure, compute
the following. Using 9.79 kN/m3
as unit weight of water.
[Link] force on the
quarter-circle panel BC
[Link] that the resultant
makes with the horizontal.

Ans. 1505 kN , 50.6 degrees


3. The sluice gate for a water channel is 1.5 m wide and in the closed position, as shown. Determine the
magnitude of the resultant force of the water acting on the gate. Solve the problem by considering the fluid
acting on the horizontal and vertical projections of the gate. Determine the smallest torque T that must be
applied to open the gate if its weight is 30 kN and its center of gravity is at G?

Solution:

1.5m

2 sin 40

3
1.5 ( 2 sin 40 )
12
𝑒=
¿¿
The magnitude of the resultant force is

Refer to the figure:

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