CCDI 102

CHAP 1 REVIEWER
LESSON 1
It is a systematic method employed by the SOCO team and the investigator-on-
case in searching the crime scene for the purposes of finding and collecting
evidence

Crime Scene Search

He is the officer who assumes full responsibility over the crime scene during the
conduct of crime scene investigation.

Investigator-On-Case
 It refers to the simplest but most effective way of showing actual measurement
and of identifying significant physical evidence in their location at the crime scene

Sketch
 General Principles of Investigation (three fold aim)

To identify the suspect; To locate the suspect; and To provide evidence of his guilt
It is the function that is primarily manifested inside the courtroom

Presentation
It is the conduct of processes, more particularly the recognition, search, collection,
handling, preservation and documentation of physical evidence to include the
identification and interview of witnesses and the arrest of suspect/s at the crime
scene

Crime Scene Investigation

The functional capability of the PNP Crime Laboratory performed by its trained
personnel through the recognition, methodical search, proper documentation/
recording and collection of physical evidence at the crime scene

Scene of the Crime Operation

It use to fixed objects as reference point and useful in outdoor crime scene. Use
baseline of at least 20ft. Or more.

Triangulation Method
It state that all pieces of evidence should be collected

Collection
This is an element of sketch that consist of explanation of symbol used to identify
object in the sketch

Legend
It refers to the individual whose functions is to received and record all evidence
recovered and maintain custody and control of evidence

Evidence Custodian
 It is the application of science into law. The most important stage of the
investigation in terms of collecting vital forensic evidence and information, this
initial stage is also often the most chaotic and therefore prone to errors

Forensic Science
It is the process of determining the probative value of evidence

Evaluation
 Latin for the ‘body of crime’ it is the legal term used to describe/physical/or
material evidence that a crime has been committed such as the corpse of murder
victim or the cleaned of a torched building

Corpus Delicti
It is a place established before the Crime Scene Investigation for communication,
decision making, temporary quarters of the SOCO team members.

Command Post
Evidence addressed to the senses of the court that are capable of being exhibited,
examine, or viewed by the court.

Physical Evidence
It is otherwise know as identification stage of investigation

Recognition
 Thou shall not touch, move nor alter anything in the crime scene unless it is
properly photographed, measured and sketch or otherwise preserved as not to
destroy or contaminate the important criminal things

The Golden rule of criminal

Investigation
A venue or place where the alleged crime/incident/event has been committed

Crime Scene
In this method, one searcher is assigned to a quadrant, then each quadrant is cut
into another set of quadrants

Zone or Quadrant method

In this method, the searcher follow each other in a path of spiral, beginning in the
outside and spiraling towards the center of the scene

Spiral method
 Enumerate the basic elements of processing the crime scene

Recognition Collection Preservation

Evaluation Presentation
 Its useful when items or locations of the evidence are on the wall or enclosed
space. Same as exploded sketch. The sketch is drawn of the measurements from a
given point on the floor to the wall

Cross-Projection Method
 It refers to the application of diligent and careful methods by an investigator to
recognize, identify, preserve and collect facts and items of evidentiary value that
may assist in reconstructing crime scene

Crime Scene Processing

In this method, it has the same process as that of the strip method but with the
modification that the lane covered by the strip method is reprocessed twice

Double strip Method

It is the collection of facts in order to accomplish the three fold aims.

Criminal Investigation
This is simultaneously conducted with the collection stage

Preservation
 Enumerate the types of crime scene

Zone or quadrant method Strip method Spiral method

Double strip method Wheel method

Team leader instruct his recorder to record the following:

Time and date of arrival Location of the crime scene

Weather Condition Investigator on case

This includes but not limited to fingerprints, body fluids, examined, explosives,
hazardous chemicals, soil/burned debris, bomb, electronic parts used in the
commission of the crime

Physical Evidence
 In this method, the searcher proceed slowly at the same place along the path
parallel to one side of the rectangle. At the end pf the rectangle, the searchers turn
and proceed back along the new lanes but parallel to the first movement.

Strip or Line Search Method

This method is applied if the area to be searched is approximately circular or oval

Wheel Method
It make a measurement at the right angles from each of two walls or coordinates
constructed on transecting base line

Coordinating Method
 Enumerate the methods in locating points on sketch

Coordinating Method Triangular Method Cross-projection method

Police personnel are not knowledgeable about crime scene preservation and basic
investigation

No template for the conduct of

investigation
Lack of material documentation of the case under investigation

Incomplete case folder

Non observance of proper documentation in the turnover of evidence from one
officer to another

Chain of custody
It pertains to absent of police investigator during trial to act as prosecutor’s
witness due to retirement and transfer of concerned investigator

Failure to prosecute
The SOCO, investigators, prosecutors, and other concerned agencies work
separately and independently in the conduct of their investigation

Inadequacy of coordination
Police investigator take for granted the electronic devices such as cellphones,
computer.

Less appreciation of electronic

device
LESSON 2
 Conducted by law enforcement officers after a person has been arrested or
deprived of his freedom of action. It includes invitation to a person who is being
investigated in connection with an offense

Custodial Investigation
 An act defining certain rights of person arrested, detained or under custodial
investigation as well as the duties of the arresting, detaining and investigating
officers, and providing penalties for violation thereof

Republic Act No. 7438

A principle on the rights of a suspect from forced self-incrimination during police
interrogation as enshrined in the 1987 Philippine constitution’s Bill of
Rights(Article III, Section 12)

Miranda Doctrine
It is an impression of the friction skin of the fingers or palms of the hands that has
been transferred to another surface

Latent Fingerprints
This act shall take effect fifteen days following its publication in the official
Gazette or any daily newspaper of general circulation in the Philippines

Section 6. Effectivity
150 pesos if the suspected person is charged with

Light Felonies
Do not touch, alter, move or transfer any object at the crime scene unless it is
properly marked, measured, sketched, and/or photographed

The Golden rule in Criminal

Investigation
It is the policy of the Senate to value the dignity of every human being and
guarantee full respect for human rights

Section 1. Statement of Policy

R.A No. 7438 approved on?

April 27, 1992

Republic act No. 857, as amended, is hereby repealed

Section 5. Repealing Clause

As used in this Act, ‘custodial investigation’ shall include the practice of issuing
an invitation to a person who is investigated in connection with an offense he is
suspected to have committed. Without prejudice to the liability of the “inviting’
officer for any violation of law

Section 2. Rights of person

Arrested, detained, or under
custodial investigation; duties of
public officers
250 pesos if the suspected person is chargeable with?

Less grave or grave felonies

Any arresting public officer or employee, or any investigating officer, who fails to
inform any person arrested, detained or under custodial investigation of his right
to remain silent shall suffer of a fine of six thousand or penalty of imprisonment
of not less than 8 years

Section 4. Penalty Clause

It is any lawyer, except those directly affected by the case, those charged with
conducting preliminary investigation or those charge with prosecution crime

Section 3. Assisting Counsel

350 pesos if the suspected person is charge with?

Capital offense
LESSON 3
Size of police blotter

18”x12”
Anti-Violence Against women and children act of 2004

R.A 9262
Jurisdictional investigation by the territorial unit concerned

Protocol 1
Juvenile Justice and Welfare act of 2006

R.A 9344
Official Police blotter

Protocol 2
Preparation of reports and filing charges

Protocol 9
Duties of the first responder

Protocol 4
Scientific examination of real evidence, application of instrument and methods of
the physical sciences in detecting crime

instrumentation
Investigation Team; Organization and Equipment

Protocol 3
Follow Up of case

Protocol 11
Taking of sworn statements of the witnesses

Protocol 8
Duties and responsibilities of the investigating team

Protocol 5
Uniform of the investigator

Protocol 14
Taking of sworn statements of suspect

Protocol 7
Skillful questioning of witnesses and suspect

Interview
Procedure in the release of crime scene

Protocol 10
Preparation of case investigation plan

Protocol 12
Investigation of suspects

Protocol 6
Attendance to court duties

Protocol 13
Data gathered by an investigator from other persons including the victim himself

Information
 Information gathered from:

Public Records Private Records; and Modus Operandi file