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Properties of Parallelograms For Students

The document provides information about properties of parallelograms, including: - Parallelograms are quadrilaterals with two pairs of parallel sides. - Opposite sides of a parallelogram are congruent and opposite angles are congruent. - The diagonals of a parallelogram bisect each other. - Examples are used to demonstrate applying properties of parallelograms to find missing side lengths, angles, and coordinates of vertices. - Two-column proofs are presented utilizing properties of parallelograms.

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Maria Eleonor Banares
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128 views34 pages

Properties of Parallelograms For Students

The document provides information about properties of parallelograms, including: - Parallelograms are quadrilaterals with two pairs of parallel sides. - Opposite sides of a parallelogram are congruent and opposite angles are congruent. - The diagonals of a parallelogram bisect each other. - Examples are used to demonstrate applying properties of parallelograms to find missing side lengths, angles, and coordinates of vertices. - Two-column proofs are presented utilizing properties of parallelograms.

Uploaded by

Maria Eleonor Banares
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Properties

PropertiesofofParallelograms
Parallelograms

Warm Up
Lesson Presentation

HoltMcDougal
Holt GeometryGeometry
Properties of Parallelograms

Warm Up
Find the value of each variable.

1. x 2 2. y 3.
4z 18

Holt McDougal Geometry


Properties of Parallelograms

Objectives
Prove and apply properties of
parallelograms.
Use properties of parallelograms to
solve problems.

Holt McDougal Geometry


Properties of Parallelograms

Vocabulary
parallelogram

Holt McDougal Geometry


Properties of Parallelograms

Holt McDougal Geometry


Properties of Parallelograms

Any polygon with four sides is a quadrilateral.


However, some quadrilaterals have special
properties. These special quadrilaterals are given
their own names.

Holt McDougal Geometry


Properties of Parallelograms

Helpful Hint
Opposite sides of a quadrilateral do not share a
vertex. Opposite angles do not share a side.

Holt McDougal Geometry


Properties of Parallelograms

A quadrilateral with two pairs of parallel sides is a


parallelogram. To write the name of a parallelogram,
you use the symbol .

Holt McDougal Geometry


Properties of Parallelograms

Holt McDougal Geometry


Properties of Parallelograms

Holt McDougal Geometry


Properties of Parallelograms
Example 1A: Properties of Parallelograms

In CDEF, DE = 74 mm,
DG = 31 mm, and mFCD = 42°.
Find CF.

 opp. sides 

CF = DE Def. of  segs.
CF = 74 mm Substitute 74 for DE.

Holt McDougal Geometry


Properties of Parallelograms
Example 1B: Properties of Parallelograms

In CDEF, DE = 74 mm,
DG = 31 mm, and mFCD = 42°.
Find mEFC.

mEFC + mFCD = 180°  cons. s supp.


mEFC + 42 = 180 Substitute 42 for mFCD.
mEFC = 138° Subtract 42 from both sides.

Holt McDougal Geometry


Properties of Parallelograms

Example 1C: Properties of Parallelograms

In CDEF, DE = 74 mm,
DG = 31 mm, and mFCD = 42°.
Find DF.

DF = 2DG  diags. bisect each other.


DF = 2(31) Substitute 31 for DG.
DF = 62 Simplify.

Holt McDougal Geometry


Properties of Parallelograms
Check It Out! Example 1a

In KLMN, LM = 28 in.,
LN = 26 in., and mLKN = 74°.
Find KN.

 opp. sides 

LM = KN Def. of  segs.
28 = KN Substitute 28 for LM.

Holt McDougal Geometry


Properties of Parallelograms
Check It Out! Example 1b

In KLMN, LM = 28 in.,
LN = 26 in., and mLKN = 74°.
Find mNML.

NML  LKN  opp. s 


mNML = mLKN Def. of  s.
mNML = 74° Substitute 74° for mLKN.

Def. of angles.
Holt McDougal Geometry
Properties of Parallelograms
Check It Out! Example 1c

In KLMN, LM = 28 in.,
LN = 26 in., and mLKN = 74°.
Find LO.

LN = 2LO  diags. bisect each other.


26 = 2LO Substitute 26 for LN.
LO = 13 in. Simplify.

Holt McDougal Geometry


Properties of Parallelograms
Example 2A: Using Properties of Parallelograms to
Find Measures
WXYZ is a parallelogram.
Find YZ.

 opp. s 
YZ = XW Def. of  segs.
8a – 4 = 6a + 10 Substitute the given values.
2a = 14 Subtract 6a from both sides and
add 4 to both sides.
a=7 Divide both sides by 2.
YZ = 8a – 4 = 8(7) – 4 = 52
Holt McDougal Geometry
Properties of Parallelograms
Example 2B: Using Properties of Parallelograms to
Find Measures
WXYZ is a parallelogram.
Find mZ .

mZ + mW = 180°  cons. s supp.


(9b + 2) + (18b – 11) = 180 Substitute the given values.
27b – 9 = 180 Combine like terms.
27b = 189 Add 9 to both sides.

b=7 Divide by 27.


mZ = (9b + 2)° = [9(7) + 2]° = 65°
Holt McDougal Geometry
Properties of Parallelograms
Check It Out! Example 2a

EFGH is a parallelogram.
Find JG.

 diags. bisect each other.


EJ = JG Def. of  segs.
3w = w + 8 Substitute.
2w = 8 Simplify.
w=4 Divide both sides by 2.

JG = w + 8 = 4 + 8 = 12
Holt McDougal Geometry
Properties of Parallelograms

Check It Out! Example 2b


EFGH is a parallelogram.
Find FH.

 diags. bisect each other.


FJ = JH Def. of  segs.
4z – 9 = 2z Substitute.
2z = 9 Simplify.
z = 4.5 Divide both sides by 2.

FH = (4z – 9) + (2z) = 4(4.5) – 9 + 2(4.5) = 18


Holt McDougal Geometry
Properties of Parallelograms

Remember!
When you are drawing a figure in the coordinate
plane, the name ABCD gives the order of the
vertices.

Holt McDougal Geometry


Properties of Parallelograms

Example 3: Parallelograms in the Coordinate Plane


Three vertices of JKLM are J(3, –8), K(–2, 2),
and L(2, 6). Find the coordinates of vertex M.
Since JKLM is a parallelogram, both pairs of
opposite sides must be parallel.
Step 1 Graph the given points.
L

Holt McDougal Geometry


Properties of Parallelograms
Example 3 Continued

Step 2 Find the slope of by counting the units


from K to L.
The rise from 2 to 6 is 4.
L
The run of –2 to 2 is 4.
K

Step 3 Start at J and count the M


same number of units. J
A rise of 4 from –8 is –4.
A run of 4 from 3 is 7. Label (7, –4) as vertex M.

Holt McDougal Geometry


Properties of Parallelograms
Example 3 Continued
L

Holt McDougal Geometry


Properties of Parallelograms
Example 3 Continued

Step 4 Use the slope formula to verify that

M
J

The coordinates of vertex M are (7, –4).


Holt McDougal Geometry
Properties of Parallelograms
Check It Out! Example 3

Three vertices of PQRS are P(–3, –2), Q(–1, 4),


and S(5, 0). Find the coordinates of vertex R.
Since PQRS is a parallelogram, both pairs of opposite
sides must be parallel.
Step 1 Graph the given points.

Q
S
P

Holt McDougal Geometry


Properties of Parallelograms
Check It Out! Example 3 Continued

Step 2 Find the slope of by counting the units


from P to Q.
The rise from –2 to 4 is 6.
R
The run of –3 to –1 is 2. Q
S
P
Step 3 Start at S and count the
same number of units.
A rise of 6 from 0 is 6.
A run of 2 from 5 is 7. Label (7, 6) as vertex R.

Holt McDougal Geometry


Properties of Parallelograms
Check It Out! Example 3 Continued

Step 4 Use the slope formula to verify that

R
Q
S
P

The coordinates of vertex R are (7, 6).


Holt McDougal Geometry
Properties of Parallelograms
Example 4A: Using Properties of Parallelograms in a
Proof
Write a two-column proof.
Given: ABCD is a parallelogram.

Prove: ∆AEB  ∆CED

Holt McDougal Geometry


Properties of Parallelograms

Example 4A Continued
Proof:

Statements Reasons

1. ABCD is a parallelogram 1. Given


2.  opp. sides 
3.  diags. bisect
each other
4. SSS Steps 2, 3

Holt McDougal Geometry


Properties of Parallelograms
Example 4B: Using Properties of Parallelograms in a
Proof
Write a two-column proof.

Given: GHJN and JKLM are


parallelograms. H and M are
collinear. N and K are
collinear.
Prove: H M

Holt McDougal Geometry


Properties of Parallelograms

Example 4B Continued

Proof:

Statements Reasons
1. GHJN and JKLM are
parallelograms. 1. Given

2. H and HJN are supp.


2. Parallelogram Prop 3
M and MJK are supp.
3. HJN  MJK 3. Vert. s Theorem
4. H  M 4.  Supps. Thm.

Holt McDougal Geometry


Properties of Parallelograms

Check It Out! Example 4


Write a two-column proof.

Given: GHJN and JKLM are


parallelograms.
H and M are collinear. N and K
are collinear.

Prove: N  K

Holt McDougal Geometry


Properties of Parallelograms

Check It Out! Example 4 Continued

Proof:

Statements Reasons
1. GHJN and JKLM
are parallelograms. 1. Given

2. N and HJN are supp.


2. Parallelogram Prop 3
K and MJK are supp.
3. HJN  MJK 3. Vert. s Thm.
4. N  K 4.  Supps. Thm.

Holt McDougal Geometry

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