VALUE EDUCATION
Course Code:301
By: Prof. Punam Kumari
Assistant Professor
IMS UC
WHAT IS VALUE EDUCATION?
Value Education is a process of increasing the overall character of a student, it
also includes character development, personality development and spiritual
development, it develops a sensible person with strong character and values.
It is an action that can take place in human society, during which the people are
helped by others, who may be older.
The purpose of values-based education is to make the student work with the
right attitude and standards to face the outside world.
IMPORTANCE OF VALUE
EDUCATION:
• It gives the students a progressive way for their future and
also helps them to know the real purpose of their life.
• This makes it clear to them, the best way to live a life that
can be helpful to individuals as well as people around.
• Value education helps students to become more responsive
and practical.
• This helps them to better recognize the perception
of life and lead a positive life as a responsible
resident.
• It also helps in developing a strong relationship with
family and friends.
• Values education is teaching and learning about the
ideals that society considers important.
• The objective of the students is not only to recognize the
values but also to reflect them in their behaviour and
attitudes.
• Moral awareness must be recognized to bend the
progress of science and technology towards the pleasure
of manhood.
NEED FOR VALUE EDUCATION:
• Common values must be rediscovered to unite the human with the over-
failure of traditional values.
• Teachers allow students to value consciously and intuitively through
their classroom rooms, therefore the need for a consciously strategic
value education program to establish prescribed learning is noticeable.
• Students may be more complex in making decisions about matters
related to values. They should be helped to develop the ability to make
the appropriate selection in such situations through value education.
.
• The rise in childhood crime is a disaster for the youth, which comes
under the process of personal development. In such a situation,
value education has different importance.
• It develops curiosity, appropriate interests, attitudes, values and the
ability to think and judge oneself. Also, helps in social and natural
unity
• It changes the personality and character of the students.
• Value education changes a positive opinion about life in the
student’s mind.
• In the current political climate, you can claim that it is more
important than ever.
AIMS AND OBJECTIVES OF VE
•Developing character and Morality
•Developing personality, health and well balanced life.
•Developing culture and Spiritual Values.
•Developing ideas of a responsible citizens.
•Developing idealism, democracy, secularism and scientific temper.
•Developing moral, ethical and cultural values.
•Developing vocational competence.
•Developing positive adjustment
•Developing social efficiency.
•Developing national integration.
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN ETHICS
AND VALUES
Ethics Values
•Professional •Personal
•Set of Moral principles, guidelines •Principles or natural standard of
related to specific group or behaviour. Influenced by family,
oganisation. culture, religion etc.
•Varies from profession to •Varies individual to individual.
profession
TYPES OF VALUE EDUCATION:
There are six basic types of values
1.Personal Values: Personal values
mean whatever a person needs in a
social relationship.
Some of the personal values are
beauty, morality, confidence, self-
motivation, regularity, ambition,
courage, vision, imagination etc.
TYPES OF VALUE EDUCATION:
2. Social Values: A person cannot live in the world without
communicating with others.
People want social values like love, affection, friendship, noble groups,
reference groups, impurity, hospitality, bravery, service, justice,
freedom, patience, forgiveness, coordination, sympathy, tolerance, etc.
Social values are more important for a healthy and good environment
for every organization.
3. Moral Values: Moral values refer to a set of principles that
guide an individual on how to evaluate right versus wrong. People
generally apply moral values to justify decisions, intentions and
actions, and it also defines the personal character of a person. An
individual with high moral values typically displays characteristics of
integrity, courage, respect, fairness, honesty and compassion.
4. Spiritual values: The ultimate moral value is called spiritual
value. Spiritual values are purity, meditation, yoga, discipline,
control, clarity and devotion to God, etc.
Spiritual value education highlights the principles of self-
discipline.
Self-discipline satisfaction, lack of needs, general greed and
freedom from seriousness.
5. Universal Values: It is universal values that specify the sense of the human
condition. It is through universal values that we associate ourselves with
humanity and the universe.
Universal values can be experienced as life, joy, brotherhood, love,
sympathy, service, heaven, truth and eternity.
6. Cultural Values: Cultural values are concerned with right and wrong,
good and bad, customs and behavior.
Cultural values are reflected in language, ethics, social hierarchy, aesthetics,
education, law, economics, philosophy and social organizations of all kinds.
ROLE OF CULTURE AND TRADITION IN VALUE
EDUCATION
• Culture is basically the customs, beliefs
and the way of living shared by a
particular society/community/country.
• It refers to the values and norms shared
by a specific group of people.
• Culture influences how we see the
world?, how we see the community that
we live in?, and how we communicate
with each other?.
• Being a part of a culture influences our
learning, remembering, talking and
behaving. Therefore culture determines
to a great extent the learning and
teaching styles also.
How is culture important for the child?
· Culture teaches values, beliefs and traditions.
· It influences the social interaction with parents, siblings,
peers and teachers.
· It influences their language and communication.
Culture-based education is an approach in which teaching and
learning happen based on the values, norms, beliefs and
practices that are the foundation of any culture. Harvard
Professor Jerome Bruner notes “Culture shapes mind, it
provides us with the tool kit by which we construct not only
our world but our very construction of ourselves and our
powers”.
VALUE EDUCATION IN
INDIAN SOCIETY
• ▪ Education Commission (1964-66) recommended moral,
social and spiritual values at all levels. ▪ UNESCO (1972)
felt that the education system should promote values of
world peace and international understanding and unity
of mankind.
• In the history of VE we see rather a slow development of
the system in India. In the 1980s, the government was
more responsive to the needs of VE in our schools.
VALUE EDUCATION IN INDIAN
SOCIETY
“Education without values, as useful as it is, seems rather to make man a
more clever devil.” ― C.S. Lewis
Value education is rooted in Indian philosophy and culture and ingrained in
every tradition of Indian culture. Educational institutions
play a significant role in the promotion of value. The Vedas and Upanishads
form the source of inspiration for value education. In the Vedic period, In
Ashram education, the Guru insists his sishya to follow certain values
throughout his life.
Socialist, Secular, Democratic, Justice, Liberty Equality, Fraternity, Dignity
of the individuals and integrity of the nation are the ideal conditions in the
Constitution
• Ancient India. Value Education in India from the ancient
times has held a prime place of importance.
• From the gurukul stage the child not only learnt skills of
reading and archery but more the philosophy of life in
relation with its impermanence.
• Hence education in India was born of this vision to
achieve one’s experience in the absolute as a spark of the
divine and in this process practice of one’s duty
accompanies the acquisition of knowledge.
• ▪ In the modern school system value education, was termed
moral education or moral science. ▪ British were absolutely
neutral in their policy towards religion and value education.
• CABE – (1943-46) emphasized spiritual and moral
education. It was the responsibility of home and
community.
• ▪ Committee on Emotional Integration (1961) pointed out
that the science students should have at least some
background of humanities; it opined that there should be a
compulsory paper on India’s cultural heritage.
• ▪ National Policy on Education (NPE 1986) proposed
readjustments in curriculum to make education a
forceful tool to inculcate social and moral values; to
eliminate obscurantism, fanaticism, superstition,
illiteracy and fatalism.
• The National Policy on Education (NPE), 1986
envisages a national system of education based on a
National Curricular Framework containing a common
core along with other components that are flexible.
.
ROLE OF SHRIMAD BHAGWAT GEETA
IN THE INDIAN VALUES AND CULTURE
• Bhagavad-Gita is a part of the Mahabharata, written by
Ved Vyasa, consisted of seven hundreds verses in the
eighteen chapters dealing with philosophical thought and
action, begins with a conversation between Arjuna, the
representative of mankind and Lord Krishna, the Supreme
Divine.
• Bhagavad-Gita is not only dialogue between Arjuna and
Sri-Krishna but also Value-Oriented Education taught by
Lord Krishna to Arjuna.
The Teachings of Bhagavad-Gita deal with
• the despondency of Arjuna
• Sankhya yoga which proceeds along the path of knowledge,
path of action and wisdom
• renunciation of action leads to supreme bliss
• discipline of meditation, wisdom with self-realization, the
Supreme Imperishable
• knowledge with realization, divine glory, discipline of action
and its fruits,
• spiritual disciplines for God-realization,
• difference between Body and Soul/Spirit etc.
The first to six chapters including
• two hundreds eighty verses deal with the path of
Action (Karma-yoga)
• the seven to twelve chapters including two hundreds
nine verses explain the path of Devotion (Bhakti-
yoga)
• the thirteen to eighteen chapters including two hundreds
eleven verses point out about the path of Knowledge
(Jnyana yoga) which establish the identity of the
individual spirit with the Spiritual value of education.
Basic human values propounded include:
1.Satyam: Speak the truth. Here, truth must be tempered with
kindness and compassion when needed.
If the truth causes harm, when it may sometimes do, it is better not to
say it.
2. Ahimsa: Path of nonviolence.
This does not mean vegetarianism, for there does not appear to be any
reason for destroying plant life if animal life is not to be sacrificed, too.
One reason a vegetarian gives for not eating meat is that meat comes
from violence " Himsa"; Then, if taking life is cruel, why does he eat at
all? After all, even plants have life and also feel pain as well as
pleasure.
3. Asteyam: This means not taking that which does not belong to one.
"Stena" means "stealing“ Myself. No one must be greedy or selfish.
4. Daya: Compassion and sympathy for all living creatures. Hinduism is a
"religion" of love, kindness, mercy, selflessness and rendering assistance to
the needy even at great cost to oneself.
5. Kshanti: This is an amalgam of related virtues the combined virtues of
patience, forgiveness and tolerance and withstanding suffering.
6. Arjavam: This refers to simplicity, straightforwardness and absence of
deceit. One must be open and free from hypocrisy.
7. Madhuryam: Possessing sweetness of disposition and a pleasing and
pleasant personality. He is not rude or impolite and comes across as a balanced
and likeable person.
8. Dama: This is self control, i.e., the control of passions. One must not allow
his improper impulses to the get the better of him. He does not surrender to the
demands of his sense organs to perverse limits.
9. Dana: This means to give, to teach, to distribute, to share, to purify and to
protect.
10. Akalkata: This means being free of sin. Sin is the reaction to an action.
The above mentioned nine values prevent a person from committing a bad
deed.
VALUE EDUCATION FOR SELF DEVELOPMENT
• Value based education approach offers a
new way of thinking about education and
how children can be supported to become
successful and happy members of the
global society.
• It encourages reflective and inspirational
attributes and attitudes.
• They can be nurtured to help people,
discover the very best of themselves which
enables them to be good global citizens and
prepares them for the professional life.
VALUE EDUCATION FOR SELF
DEVELOPMENT
Value education is essential for every individual to
ensure a holistic approach to their personality
development in physical, mental, social and moral
aspects. It provides a positive direction to the students
to shape their future, helping them become more
responsible and sensible and comprehending the
purpose of their life.
•Trust
•Honesty
•Responsibility
•Efficiency
•Integrity
•Service
•Freedom
•Dependability
•Faith
•Commitment
•Hope
•Open mindness
SELF-ANALYSIS AND INTROSPECTION
• Self-analysis ensures the regulation of “your inner life”.
• It is necessary for our happiness because it enables us to know our
needs, learn to love ourselves and accept who we are.
• Self-Introspection is identifying or searching our own strength,
weakness, opportunities and threats which we have.
• We can also define it as the examination or observation of one's own
mental and emotional processes.
• Self-introspection is talking to your mind and deeply understanding
the cause and effect of consequences to change the mind and life. It
is also called self-talk or talking to your own mind.
• Also called brooding, self-analysis, soul-searching, heart-searching,
introversion, self-observation, self- absorption.
EXAMPLE
Janelle is working with her psychologist to determine the route of her
unhealthy relationship with food. Her psychologist asks her to analyze why
she is overeating when she goes into a binge eating cycle.
Janelle takes a moment to pause and reflect on why she is currently
overeating. Is she hungry? No. Is she sad? No. Is she anxious? Well, she
does have a test tomorrow that she's very worried about. Janelle reflects on
her past episodes of binge eating and realizes that they center on anxious
moments in her life. This helps her draw the connection between her
anxiety and her unhealthy relationship with food.
SENSITIZATION TOWARDS EQUALITY
• Sensitization is the basic requirement to understand the sensitive needs
of a particular gender.
• It helps us to examine our personal attitude and beliefs thus questioning
the realities that we thought we knew.
• It is an awareness that cultivates a sensitivity to create a more inclusive
and safe space for all. One can be sensitized through self-education,
workshops, art, and more!
• Family and Educational institutions instills thoughts and corrects
perceptions (if need be). These enable the development of a more
democratic society which can be crucial to changing attitudes into
accepting gender equality as a fundamental social value.
VALUE EDUCATION FOR
NATION BUILDING
Values are derivatives of thoughts and inner desires.
It is driven mainly by our beliefs and cultural system.
Values are a set of human beliefs upon which characters, behaviors,
and general attitudes are built.
They are principles, beliefs, and convictions that drive our moral and
ethical behaviors.
When it comes to Nation’s building and development, three major
components are required to achieve a society, devoid of poor values,
poor morality, and poor ethical standards as well as the disenabling
environment
• These factors are as follows:
1. Infrastructure
2. Education
3. Justice process system
• These factors are the bedrock of any civil society that focuses on
making human welfare and general well-being a pivotal goal for
existence. The interaction of these three (3) produces a strong,
viable, and enabling state in most use cases.
• The Constitution of any country serves several purposes. It lays
down certain ideals that form the basis of the kind of country that
we as citizens aspire to live in.
RESPECT TO INDIAN CONSTITUTION
AND NATIONAL VALUES
A country is usually made up of different communities of people who
share certain beliefs, but may not necessarily agree on all issues.
A Constitution helps serve as a set of principles, rules and procedures
on which there is a consensus.
These form the basis according to which the people want the country to
be governed and the society to move on.
This includes not only an agreement on the type of government but also
on certain ideals that the country should uphold.
The Indian Constitution has certain core constitutional values that
constitute its spirit and are expressed in various articles and provisions.
• These are sovereignty, socialism, secularism, democracy,
republican character of Indian State, justice, liberty, equality,
fraternity, human dignity and the unity and integrity of the
Nation. Let us discuss these constitutional values:
• Sovereignty: You may have read the Preamble. It declares
India “a sovereign socialist secular democratic republic”.
Being sovereign means having complete political freedom
and being the supreme authority.
• Socialism: socialism has been made a constitutional value aimed at
promoting social change and transformation to end all forms of
inequalities.
• Secularism: We all are pleased when anyone says that India is home to
almost all major religions in the world. In the context of this plurality
(means more than one or two; many), secularism is seen as a great
constitutional value.
• Democracy: The Preamble reflects democracy as a value. As a form of
government, it derives its authority from the will of the people.
• The people elect the rulers of the country and the elected representatives
remain accountable to the people.
Republic: India is not only a democratic nation but it is also a republic.
The most important symbol of being a republic is the office of the Head of
the State, i.e. the President who is elected and who is not selected on the
basis of heredity, as is found in a system with the monarchy.
Justice: At times you may also realize that living in a democratic system
alone does not ensure justice to citizens in all its totality. Even now we find
a number of cases where not only social and economic justice but also
political justice is denied.
Liberty: The Preamble prescribes liberty of thought, expression, belief,
faith, and worship as one of the core values. These have to be assured to
every member of all the communities.
Equality: Equality is a significant constitutional value as any other. The
Constitution ensures equality of status and opportunity to every citizen for
the development of the best in him/her.
Fraternity: There is also a commitment made in the Preamble to promote
the value of fraternity that stands for the spirit of common brotherhood
among all the people of India. In the absence of fraternity, a plural society
like India stands divided.
The dignity of the individual: Promotion of fraternity is essential to
realize the dignity of the individual. It is essential to secure the dignity of
every individual without which democracy can not function.
Unity and integrity of the Nation: As we have seen above, the fraternity also
promotes one of the critical values, i.e. unity and integrity of the nation.
International peace and a just international order: The value of international
peace and just international order, though not included in the Preamble is
reflected in other provisions of the Constitution. The Indian Constitution directs
the state (a) to promote international peace and security,
(b) maintain just and honorable relations between nations,
(c) foster respect for international law and treaty obligations, and
(d) encourage settlement of international disputes by arbitration.
To uphold and observe these values is in the interest of India. The peace
and just international order will definitely contribute to the development of India.
• Fundamental Duties: Our Constitution prescribes some duties be
performed by the citizens. It is true that these duties are not enforceable
in the court of law like the fundamental rights are, but these duties are to
be performed by citizens.
•
• Fundamental duties have still greater importance because these reflect
certain basic values like patriotism, nationalism, humanism,
environmentalism, harmonious living, gender equality, scientific temper
and inquiry, and individual and collective excellence.
INTEGRITY OF INDIA
• Integrity is defined as the choice to act with wisdom,
honesty, and strong moral character even when it is tough to
do so.
• Integrity is a characteristic that is required of all our elected
officials. In the constitutional aspect, we accept integrity to
be committed to the upholding of our laws as well as
protection of our rights with full transparency and honesty.
We identify that, at times, our rights and laws may seemingly arise into
competition with one another. We may feel emotionally overwhelmed when
our rights feel threatened or violated.
1. In regards to the constitution, we accept integrity to be commitment to
the upholding of our laws and protection of our rights with
transparency and honesty.
2. We recognize that at times our rights and laws may seemingly come
into competition with one another. Any time our rights feel threatened
or violated, we may feel emotionally overwhelmed. We choose to
persevere.
3. The Democratic Party is committed to unity rather than uniformity and
willingness to continue communicating with a respectful tone
regardless of the issue.
MEDIA AND SOCIAL
VALUES
• The term media is derived from Medium, which
means carrier or mode.
• Media denotes an item specifically designed to
reach a large audience or viewers.
• The term was first used with the advent of
newspapers and magazines. However, with the
passage of time, the term broadened by the
inventions of radio, TV, cinemas and Internet.
• In the world of today, media has become almost as necessary
as food and clothing.
• It is true that media is playing an outstanding role in
strengthening the society.
• Its duty is to inform, educate and entertain the people. It
helps us to know current situation around the world.
• The media has a strong social and cultural impact upon
society. Because of its inherent ability to reach large number
of public, it is widely used to convey message to build
public opinion and awareness.
ROLE OF VOLUNTARY ORGANIZATIONS
IN VALUE EDUCATION
• Voluntary organizations are also known as non
profitable or non Paid organization.
• Voluntary organization means a group of people
working together voluntarily to help the needy
persons with their needs and resources available to
them. They not work for personal intention but they
work for humanity, welfare of people and
development.
ROLE OF VOLUNTARY ORGANIZATIONS
IN VALUE EDUCATION
• Voluntary organizations are initiated by individuals
or group of individuals voluntarily for development,
particularly for disadvantaged sections of society.
Voluntary organization is organized for voluntary
action.
• “Voluntary organization is a group of persons
organized on the basis of voluntary membership
without state control for the furtherance of some
common interests of its members” David .L.Sills.
ROLE OF MEDIA IN CREATING AWARENESS
• The Media, the most powerful instrument of
communication can help promote the right things in
right way.
• The communication forms can be radio, television,
cinema, magazines, newspapers, and/or Internet-
based websites.
• Media has a great responsibility of delivering the
truth and relevant information to the common
people.
• The media has an important role in modeling a good
society to develop our lifestyle and bring it on
correct path. It is the most useful tool to spread
awareness in the modern society may it be political,
social or economic
• The prime concern of education is to evolve the
good, the true and the divine in man so as to
establish a moral life in the world.
ROLE OF VARIOUS INSTITUTIONS IN
INCULCATING VALUES
• It should essentially make a man pious, perfect and
truthful. The welfare of humanity lies neither in
scientific or technological advancements nor in
acquisition of material comforts.
• The main function of education is to enrich the
character. What we need today more than anything
else is moral leadership founded on courage,
intellectual integrity and a sense of values.
ROLE OF VARIOUS INSTITUTIONS IN
INCULCATING VALUES
For inculcating values many educationists have
suggested different ideas such as
• Provision of value based curriculum
• Designing special orientation program for teachers
• Value based foundation courses
• Publication of literature based on values
• Necessity to develop code of conduct for teachers
and students
• Inculcation of philosophical view towards life
among teachers and students.
• Further to cultivate values among the new
generations we are to design a curriculum from out
of our accumulated cultural heritage
