SCU
LPT
URE
01
What is Sculpture?
In Classical Eras, sculpture prior to the 20th century However today in Modern Eras, the definition of sculpture
had four main defining characteristics. takes on a far wider.
• It was the only three-dimensional art form • It can be frequently wholly abstract
• It was a representational, meaning it looked • It may reference empty space in an important
like what artist saw way.
• It was viewed as an art of solid form • It can also be kinetic and capable of
movement.
• Traditional sculptors used only two main
techniques; carving or modelling.
2
HISTORY OF
SCULPTURE
Sculpture has been used as a form of human expression since
prehistoric times. The earliest known works of sculpture date
from around 32,000 B.C. Early man created utilitarian objects
that were decorated with sculptural forms. Ancient peoples also
created small animal and human figures carved in bone, ivory, or
stone for possible spiritual or religious purposes.
3
SCULPTOR
A person who sculpts. An artist who produces
sculpture.
4
FATHER OF
MODERN
SCULPTURE
Auguste Rodin is one of the more
famous of the sculptors of the time,
and is considered the father of
modern sculpture.
5
FATHER OF
MODERN
SCULPTURE
The Thinker (Le Penseur),
model 1880, cast 1901
Medium- bronze
Artists - Auguste Rodin (sculptor)
French, 1840 - 1917
6
Father of Modern
Philippine Sculpture
Napoleon Abueva (1930-2018)- was
recognized as the Father of Modern
Philippine Sculpture.
7
Father of Modern
Philippine Sculpture
Kaganapan is a work by Napoleon Abueva. He
sculpted it out of marble in 1952, while he was
still studying at the University of the Philippines.
Some sources also say this sculpture was crafted
in 1953.
8
Materials
Used in
Sculpting
9
CLASSICAL ERAS
Use of Natural Materials
WWOOD
S
STONES
B
BRONZE
Lighter, softer, Hard and durable, Appropriate to
weather resistant casting but casting
cheaper and
and fire resisitant, bronze is difficult.
easy to cut Solid and too
but heavy
expensive
10
CLASSICAL ERAS
Use of Natural Materials
C
CLAY
S
SAND
(Terra Cotta) baked
earth like a knife
it is made by firing through butter.
clay as in pottery Isn't permanent
making
11
MODERN ERAS
Use of Natural Materials
S
STEEL
A
ALUMINUM
P
PLASTIC
Steel's durability, is a lightweight durable, reusable,
malleability, and metal and can be and non-
relative cheapness has biodegradable
easily molded.
caused many sculptors
Corrosion creative tool.
to make it their
primary material. resistant
12
Types of
Sculptures
Relief / In-the Round / Additive / Subtractive / Kinetic
13
TYPES OF SCULPTURES
RELIEF Relief sculptures is created on a flat, two - dimentional surface
LOW Shallow, The Projection off the background
light
RELIEF
More than 1/2 of the sculpted surface is
HIGH protruding from the background
RELIEF
Sunken, the carving is below the surfaced
SUNKEN level
RELIEF
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TYPES OF SCULPTURES
In – the Round
In-the-round sculpture is three dimentional
Additive
Additive sculpture is the construction of creating form
by adding materials to the base or mature
Subtractive
Subtractive sculpture is removing the unwanted
material to create the form
Kinetic
Kinetic Sculpture is art that contains movable parts in
the design
15
Example of Classical
SCULPTURE
The main subject of Ancient Greek sculpture from its earliest days was the human figure, usually male and nude
(or nearly so). Apart from the heads of portrait sculptures, the bodies were highly idealized but achieved an
unprecedented degree of naturalism.
[Link]
‘Discus Thrower (Discobolus)’, ‘Winged Victory of
Myron, c. 425 BC Samothrace’, Pythokritos, c.
16
220-185 BC
Example of Modern-Era
SCULPTURE
Modern sculpture, along with all modern art, "arose as part of Western society's attempt to come to terms with the
urban, industrial and secular society that emerged during the nineteenth century".
[Link]
Ferrari statue in emola Italy Aryton sena in Barcelona spain
17
Principles of Sculpture
The principles of sculptural design govern the
approaches of sculptors to such fundamental matters as
orientation, proportion, scale, articulation, and balance
18
Characteristics of Sculpture
The two most important elements of sculpture (mass and space)
are separable only in thought. All sculpture is made of material
substance that has mass and exists in three- dimensional space.
The mass of sculpture is thus the solid, material, space- occupying
bulk that is contained within its surface.
19
Four main
techniques exist
in sculpting
Carving-Assembling-Modeling-Casting
20
CARVING
1
Carving is the act of using tools to shape something from a material by
scraping away portions of that material. The technique can be applied to any
material that is solid enough to hold a form even when pieces have been
removed from it, and yet soft enough for portions to be scraped away with
available tools.
21
ASSEMBLING
2
Assembling is a method of sculpting where you use a variety of materials
of any kind and make a composition out of them. These materials can be
wood, paper, metal, and objects. Assembled sculptures are always three
dimensional.
22
MODELING
3
Modeled sculptures are created when a soft or malleable material (such as
clay) is built up (sometimes over an armature) and shaped to create a form.
Modeling is an additive process. Assembling: Sculptors gather and join
different materials to create an assembled sculpture.
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CASTING
4
Sculptures that are cast are made from a material that is melted down—
usually a metal—that is then poured into a mold. The mold is allowed to cool,
thereby hardening the metal, usually bronze. Casting is an additive process.
24
Promoting your art should not feel
overwhelming. You don’t have to do
everything at once. In fact, one of
the important things about Given an
opportunity,
successful promotion is that it is How are you
going to promote
targeted to the specific aims you the sculpture
have in mind. This means that the that have been
created in the
very first step in promoting your art classical period?
effectively is to decide what you
want to achieve.
25
The Importance of Sculpture
In recent years sculpture has become a much more prominent art form,
thanks to a number of works by artists such as Antony Gormley (Iron
Men at Crosby Beach and The Angel of the North).
26
These are the reason why
sculpture are important
Remembering History Artistic Expression Spiritual Reasons
27
Overall, the central purpose of sculptures
and all works of art is to send a message.
Artists create sculptures to express ideas,
convey religious beliefs, and tell the story
of significant figures in history and even
mythological adventures.
28
References
[Link]
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[Link]
KEwiOtbmvl6L6AhX5-TgGHWzTApQQFnoECCkQAQ&usg=AOvVaw3anwXkg5882l3kPcDsN1oo
[Link]
[Link]
[Link] [Link]
[Link]
AhU5rlYBHdGRA0AQ0pQJegQIDhAB&biw=320&bih=577&dpr=3.38#imgrc=1UwI7J3luzf6cM
[Link]
[Link]
[Link] [Link]
[Link]
[Link]
[Link]
29
GROUP 5
Sculpture
Mary Joy Justine Lagasca
Leader
Serrano
Esther Michael Vincent Marjorie Liezel Denmark Cambi
Barcelona Valdez Nonog
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