BITS Pilani
Hyderabad Campus
Birla Institute of Technology & Science - Pilani, Hyderabad
Campus
Mechanics of Solids (ME F211)
Problem 1
In testing the fatigue behavior of gears, the illustrated system of gears and shafts is frequently employed. The parts are made
so that in assembly it is necessary to hold one of the 75 mm gears stationary and rotate the corresponding 125 mm gear
through a 3° angle in order to get the gears to mesh. There is a “locked-in” torque in the system, and when the system is
driven by application of an external torque to one of the gears, the system of gears and shafts constitutes a power loop in
which the average power is much larger than the externally supplied power. Calculate the maximum shear stresses in the two
shafts after they are assembled but before external torque is applied. The shafts are made of 1020 CR steel.
BITS Pilani, Hyderabad Campus
Problem 1
Gears Meshing
Contact
force F1 = F2
Mt1 Mt2 (Mt = F × r)
r1 r2
r 1 r2
Angular displacements
are same
r1 × φ1 = r2 × φ2
BITS Pilani, Hyderabad Campus
Problem 1
Stationary
D
A
No external torque is acting on the assembly.
C How this twist of 3o is absorbed in both the
φ = 3o
shafts AB and CD?
BITS Pilani, Hyderabad Campus
Problem 1
Now, at the contact point between B and D, the angular
B displacements are same i.e. rB × φB = rD × φD
Stationary
φCA = 3o = 0.052 rad (Twist in C w.r.t. stationary
D A)
A
Now, φ = φCD + φDA i.e.
CA
φCA = φCD +
C φ = 3o
φCA = + Eq.1
CD
BITS Pilani, Hyderabad Campus
Problem 1
BITS Pilani, Hyderabad Campus
Problem 2
Sign convention - Taking anti-clockwise moment as positive
Find the distribution of twisting moment and angle of twist
distribution along the steel shaft shown. Take G = 78 GPa.
Evaluating twisting moment by taking cross-sections at a distance
‘z’ from the fixed end.
Reactionary moment at fixed end M = 250 – (200 × 1.25) + 500
= 500 N-m
1. For z < 0.6, Mt = – 500 N-m
2. For 0.6 < z < 1.6, Mt = – 500 + 250 = – 250 N-m
3. For 1.6 < z < 2.85, Mt = – 250 – [(z – 1.6) × 200)]
= 70 – 200z N-m
4. For 2.85 < z < 4.1, Mt = – 500 N-m
BITS Pilani, Hyderabad Campus
Problem 2
Mt = G Iz ; G = 78 GPa (for steel)
Iz = D4 i.e. 0.098 × (50 × 10–3)4 i.e. 6.13 × 10–7 m4
Hence, = = Mt / 47.84
1. For z < 0.6, Mt = 500 N-m hence, dϕ / dz = 500 / 47.84 i.e. ϕ = – 10.45z
2. For 0.6 < z < 1.6, Mt = 250 i.e. dϕ / dz = 250 / 47.84 hence, ϕ = – 5.22z
3. For 1.6 < x < 2.85, Mt = 70 200z N-m i.e. dϕ / dz = (70 200z)/47.84 hence, ϕ = 1.46z 4.18z2
4. For 2.85 < x < 4.1, Mt = – 500 N-m i.e. dϕ / dz = – 500 / 47.84 hence, ϕ = – 10.45z
BITS Pilani, Hyderabad Campus
Tutorial Problems
1. Two solid shafts are connected by gears as shown. Knowing 2. Two shafts, each of 60 mm diameter, are connected by the
that G = 77.2 GPa for each shaft, determine the angle gears shown. Knowing that G = 77.2 GPa and that the
through which end A rotates when (Mt)A = 1200 N-m. shaft at F is fixed, determine the angle through which end
A rotates when a 1200N-m torque is applied at A.
200 mm
240 mm
1.8 m
1.4 m
1.0 m
BITS Pilani, Hyderabad Campus
Tutorial Problems Solution-1
BITS Pilani, Hyderabad Campus
Tutorial Problems Solution-1
BITS Pilani, Hyderabad Campus
Tutorial Problems Solution-2
200 mm
240 mm
1.8 m
1.4 m
1.0 m
BITS Pilani, Hyderabad Campus
Tutorial Problems Solution-2
200 mm
240 mm
1.8 m
1.4 m
1.0 m
BITS Pilani, Hyderabad Campus
Tutorial Problems Solution-2
200 mm
240 mm
1.8 m
1.4 m
1.0 m
BITS Pilani, Hyderabad Campus
BITS Pilani
Hyderabad Campus
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