TODAY’S
LESSON:
I. Definition of Communicative Strategies
II. Different Communicative Strategies
a. Nomination
b. Restriction
c. Turn-taking
d. Topic- control
e. Topic Shifting
f. Repair
g. Termination
Communication is the heart of the community.
Being able to use various communicative
strategies leads to the achievement of the speech
purpose and creates a smooth flow of information
between the speakers and the listeners. Poor
communication strategy allows for information
blockages.
Communicative strategies are plans, ways or
means of sharing information that are adopted to
achieve a particular social, political, psychological,
or linguistic purpose.
A. NOMINATION
• This is usually used at the beginning of the interaction
to set the purpose of the conversation. The speaker tries
to open a topic with the people he is talking to.
• One must present a particular topic clearly and
truthfully.
Example:
Good morning, class. How are you today?
Is it raining in your area?
B. RESTRICTION
• This is used in constraining the reaction or response within a
define set of categories. This is useful when narrowing down a
listener’s response to an expected set of answers. This prevents
the conversation from going off topic.
Example:
We will have 30 minutes of online discussion regarding the topic
on Pandemic and Mental Health.
An additional 10 minutes will be allotted for your questions and
related concerns.
C. TURN-TAKING
• This strategy is used to establish and sustain
a productive conversation. Turn taking is
recognizing when and how to speak when it is
one’s turn. This requires each speaker to wait
for the others to complete their turn talking.
• This strategy can be used to avoid
participants talking over one another that
may cause conflicts. Turn-taking provides
persons equal opportunity to say their piece.
• Participants must watch out for the verbal
and non-verbal cues that signal the next
speaker that the previous speaker has
finished talking. One may employ visual
signals like a nod, a look, or a step back.
Example:
(Clicked the raise hand button) Can I
please add something to the discussion?
D. TOPIC CONTROL
• This is a communicative strategy used in keeping the
conversation going on by asking questions that requires a
response from the listener. Topic control also allows the
other participants to take turns, contribute ideas, and
continue the conversation.
Example:
That was an excellent point, Arlene! How about the rest of
the class?
You may put your responses on the jamboard link found
on the chat box, or you may simply click the raise hand
D. TOPIC CONTROL
It is a communicative strategy used to control and
prevent unnecessary interruptions and topic shifts in
a certain conversation.
Topic control is considered a procedural formality or
informality that affects the development of certain
topics in particular discussion or conversation.
Moreover, topic control works along the concept of
turn-taking, where everyone can express related
ideas to the ongoing topic without the need to
interrupt others.
E. TOPIC SHIFTING
• This is defined as introducing a new topic followed by the
continuation of that topic. Topic shifting is a strategy that
works best when there is a follow through so that a new topic
continues to be discussed. One may also use effective
conversational transitions to indicate a shift.
Examples:
By the way, in addition to what I have already mentioned, It is
dangerous to go out, especially that the Delta COVID-19 variant
is here! But even if we practice physical distancing, we should
not stop to socialize with our friends and family members via
phone calls or social media applications.
E. TOPIC SHIFTING
It is a diversionary tactic in which one
person in a discussion (the shifter)
manages to subtly change the
discussion’s topic to another, related but
different topic, without explicitly
announcing the change of subject or
reaching any kind of mutual agreement
that such a change is appropriate.
F. REPAIR
• This communicative strategy refers to
overcoming communication
breakdown to send more
comprehensible messages. Repair
Communicative Strategy includes:
F. REPAIR
It refers to how speakers address problems in
speaking, listening, and comprehending that
they may encounter in a conversation. Repair
is a self-righting mechanism in any social
interaction. Once a problem in communication
is not repaired right-away , surely, it would
lead into misunderstanding or confusion.
1. Requesting clarification – One may ask questions or
use non-verbal communication such as eyebrows,
eyes, head, hands, or shoulders to show that the
message could not be understood.
2. Not acknowledging the new situation – The situation
already in progress will continue.
3. Topic shifting – This can help direct the discussion
to another topic or divert the attention of the
listener from the topic that has become problematic.
4. Repeating – This is a good way of correcting oneself.
5. Recasting – This refers to changing the form of the
message that could not be understood.
F. REPAIR
Example:
We definitely should practice social
distancing, I mean, physical distancing
to become safe during this pandemic.
Can anyone restate the difference
between these two terms?
G. TERMINATION
• This strategy ends the interaction by using
verbal and nonverbal messages that the
participants send to one another. Nonverbal
may include a handshake or walking out.
Example:
Thank you …. Okay, all done… See you later
on our following online meeting schedule
G. TERMINATION
It refers to a conversation participants’
close-initiating expressions that end a
topic in a conversation. Most of the
time, the topic initiator takes
responsibility to signal; the end of the
discussion as well.
QUIZ
Tell whether the sentence is TRUE or FALSE.
1.Nomination is a communicative
strategy wherein the speaker freely
opens a topic to start a conversation.
2. Turn-taking provides persons an
equal opportunity to talk his/her piece.
3. Proper closing of
conversation is to walk
away from the circle since
it is done.
4. Good communication
strengthens relationship.
5. Communication is
complex which somehow
leads to misunderstanding.
ANSWER:
1. TRUE
2. TRUE
3. FALSE
4. TRUE
5. FALSE
QUIZ
Identify the TYPE OF COMMUNICATIVE STRATEGY used
in each statement.
(NOMINATION, RESTRICTION, TURN-TAKING)
1. ‘’Do you have something to add?’’
2. “Hey, how are you
doing?”
3. “ Pardon? I think we
should talk one a time, so
we can clearly understand
what we want to say.”
4. “Have you heard the
news about the latest
progress of our school?”
5. ”Before you start taking
down notes, let me remind
you of the following
strategies in note taking.”
ANSWER KEY:
1. TURN-TAKING
2. NOMINATION
3. TURN-TAKING
4. NOMINATION
5. RESTRICTION
ACTIVITY 2
IMAGINARY TRIP…
Directions:
Think of a beautiful place in the
Philippines that you want to travel. You
will pretend to plan a trip and go there.
Prepare a dialogue to each scene using
acceptable, polite and meaningful
strategies.
SCENE 1:
While eating in a restaurant, you go
over the brochures of the tourist spot
for a possible out of the town next
weekend. You talk about the different
information about the location.
SCENE 2:
You come to a decision on the
final whereabouts of the trip
and talk about matters such as
transportation, accommodation,
melas and itenary.
SCENE 3:
You are appointed to
present the final itinerary to
your friends during your
weekly gathering/meeting.
SCENE 4:
Upon arrival, you talk to the front desk
officer of the resort about your
reservation which you did a week ago.
You inquire about the meal schedules,
their services, and their facilities that you
could enjoy.
SCENE 5:
You ask a traffic officer or a
local resident ( on two different
instances) for directions on
different local landmarks
because the group wants to
roam around the town.
WHICH I CAN DO
THIS LESSON MUST BE APPLIED IN REAL-LIFE. With that, provide atleast
one situation wherein you can apply the communicative strategies you just
had learned. Make sure to also provideits importance and benefit to
communication process.
ADDITIONAL ACTIVITIES
Think atleast 3 movies you had just wathced, observe a specific scene wherein
the characters used a communicative strategy.
Evaluate its effect to the conversation and to the characters.
Movie Title Scene Communicative Effect of the Effect on the
(Write a short Strategy conversation Characters
excerpt from the
movie)
1.
2.
