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Cancer Cell and Cell Cycle

Cancer cells divide uncontrollably and form tumors. They originate from normal cells that accumulate mutations in their DNA, causing the cells to ignore signals that normally stop division and to avoid cell death. Cancer cells can spread to other areas through a process called metastasis. The cell cycle is the series of stages a cell passes through during division, including DNA synthesis and mitosis when the cell splits into two daughter cells. Cancers develop from mutations that allow cells to replicate unregulated.

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Rouie Azucena
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87 views10 pages

Cancer Cell and Cell Cycle

Cancer cells divide uncontrollably and form tumors. They originate from normal cells that accumulate mutations in their DNA, causing the cells to ignore signals that normally stop division and to avoid cell death. Cancer cells can spread to other areas through a process called metastasis. The cell cycle is the series of stages a cell passes through during division, including DNA synthesis and mitosis when the cell splits into two daughter cells. Cancers develop from mutations that allow cells to replicate unregulated.

Uploaded by

Rouie Azucena
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Cancer Cell

and
Cell Cycle
Cancer Cell
Cells that divides relentlessly, forming
solid tumors or flooding the blood with
abnormal cells.
Originate within tissues and, as they grow
and divide, they diverge ever further from
normalcy.
Cancer is derived from the Greek
words carcinos and carcinoma for “crab”.
Cancer Cell
Fail to listen to signals that tell them to
stop growing or commit cell suicide
(apoptosis) when the cells become old or
damaged.
Invade nearby tissues.
May spread to other regions of the body, a
process called “Metastasis”.
Can be immortal
Causes
Cancer is caused by changes (mutations) to
the DNA within cells. The DNA inside a
cell is packaged into a large number of
individual genes, each of which contains a
set of instructions telling the cell what
functions to perform, as well as how to
grow and divide. Errors in the instructions
can cause the cell to stop its normal function
and may allow a cell to become cancerous.
What do gene mutations do?
 Allow rapid growth
 Fail to stop uncontrolled cell growth
 Make mistakes when repairing DNA errors

Classifications of gene mutations:


 Hereditary mutations
-Inherited from a parent and are present throughout a person’s life in virtually
every cell in the body.

 Acquired or Somatic mutations


-Occur at some time during a person’s life and are present only in certain
cells, not in every cell in the body. Caused by carcinogens or cancer-causing
substances.
Classification of Cancer Cell

Carcinoma Leukemia Lymphoma

Myeloma Sarcoma Mesothelioma


Different categories of cancer cell, defined according to
the cell type from which they originate:

 Carcinoma, originate from the ephithelial layer of cells.


 Leukemia, originate in the tissues responsible for
producing new blood cells, most commonly in the bone
marrow.
 Lymphoma, begins in infection-fighting cells of the
immune system, called lymphocytes.
 Myeloma, originate in the plasma cells of bone marrow.
 Sarcoma, originate in connective and supportive tissues.
 Mesothelioma, originating in the mesothelium; the
lining of body cavities.
Cell Cycle
Cell Cycle
 Series of events that takes place in a cell as it grows
and divides.
 Process through which cells replicate and make two
new cells.
 It has different stages called G1, S, G2, and M.
 G1 is the stage where the cell is preparing to
divide.
 S (DNA synthesis), where the cells copies all the
DNA.
 G2 organizes and condenses the genetic
materials, and prepares to divide.
 M (mitosis), where the cells actually
partitions the two copies of the genetic
material into the two daughter cells.

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