VOLCANOES

Identify the names of the volcanoes using their location as clues and classify
if they are an ACTIVE or NOT ACTIVE volcano.

Location: Legaspi, Albay

Identify the names of the volcanoes using their location as clues and classify
if they are an ACTIVE or NOT ACTIVE volcano.

Location: Legaspi, Albay Mayon Volcano

 Identify the names of the volcanoes using their location as clues and classify
if they are an ACTIVE or NOT ACTIVE volcano.

Location: Batangas
 Identify the names of the volcanoes using their location as clues and classify
if they are an ACTIVE or NOT ACTIVE volcano.

Location: Batangas Taal Volcano

 Identify the names of the volcanoes using their location as clues and classify
if they are an ACTIVE or NOT ACTIVE volcano.

Location: Pampanga
 Identify the names of the volcanoes using their location as clues and classify
if they are an ACTIVE or NOT ACTIVE volcano.

Location: Pampanga Mount Pinatubo

 Identify the names of the volcanoes using their location as clues and classify
if they are an ACTIVE or NOT ACTIVE volcano.

Location: Camarines Sur

 Identify the names of the volcanoes using their location as clues and classify
if they are an ACTIVE or NOT ACTIVE volcano.

Location: Camarines Sur Mount Isarog

 Identify the names of the volcanoes using their location as clues and classify
if they are an ACTIVE or NOT ACTIVE volcano.

Location: Sorsogon
 Identify the names of the volcanoes using their location as clues and classify
if they are an ACTIVE or NOT ACTIVE volcano.

Location: Sorsogon Mount Bulusan

OBJECTIVES:

• Define what is volcano;

• Identify what are the parts of volcano;
• Classify what are the types volcanoes and the
types of rocks you can find in volcanoes;
•Positive and negative effects of volcanoes
What is a volcano?

•A volcano is a mountain or hill, typically conical, having

a crater or vent through which lava, rock fragments, hot
vapor, and gas are being or have been erupted from the
earth’s crust.
What is the study of volcano?

• Volcanology is the branch of science that deals with the

study of volcanoes and volcanic phenomena.
What do you call the person who study of
volcanology?

•  Volcanologist or volcano scientist is a geologist who

focuses on understanding the formation and eruptive
activity of volcanoes.
•  PhilippineInstitute of Volcanology and Seismology
(PHIVOLCS)-one of the service agencies of the Department of
Science and Technology (DOST) that monitors volcano,
earthquake, and tsunami activity, and issues warnings as
necessary.
How many volcanoes worldwide?

•There are about 1,350 potentially active volcanoes

worldwide, about 500 of those volcanoes have erupted
in historical time. Many of those are located along the
Pacific Ring of Fire.
What is Pacific Ring of Fire?

Pacific Ring of Fire is an arc around the Pacific Ocean

where many volcanoes and the earthquakes formed.
How volcanoes are formed?

1. Constructive boundaries (divergent) – when two tectonic

plates move away from each other.
How volcanoes are formed?

2. Destructive boundaries (convergent) – when two tectonic

plates move towards each other.
How volcanoes are formed?

3. A Hot-spots- where the heat from the mantle plume

causes melting and thinning of the crust, which leads to
volcanic activity at the surface.
What are the parts of a volcano?
 What are the parts of a volcano?

1. Ash Cloud - A cloud of ash formed

by volcanic explosions.

When a volcano erupts, it spews ash

high into the air. The ash can create
dangerous ash clouds that can drift for
miles. These clouds can also contain
tiny particles of glass that cause serious
damage to eyes and lungs.
 
 What are the parts of a volcano?

2. Crater - The mouth of a volcano,

which surrounds the vent.

The shape of this opening can vary

from circular to oval or elliptical. These
craters are formed by explosions
caused when hot molten rock and ash
escape from the magma chambers
below ground.
 
 What are the parts of a volcano?

3. Conduit - An underground passage

which magma travels through.

One of the most important volcano

parts is the conduit, which is an
underground passage through which
magma travels to the surface of a
volcano.
 What are the parts of a volcano?

4. Vent - An opening in the surface of

the Earth through which volcanic
materials can escape.

The vent of a volcano is the opening

through which lava, ash and gas
explode out.
 
 What are the parts of a volcano?

5. Magma chamber - A large

underground pool of liquid rock found
beneath the surface of the Earth.
 What are the parts of a volcano?

6. Magma – Liquid rock inside a

volcano. It can be runny or viscous
(thick).

Magma rises because of the pressure

difference between the magma and
rocks around it: as more bubbles form
in the magma, the pressure gets even
higher.
 
 What are the parts of a volcano?

7. Lava – Liquid rock that flows out

from a volcano.

 If magma reaches the surface, it

becomes lava and erupts from a
volcano. 
 
What are the Types of Volcanoes?

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What are the Types of Volcanoes?

1. Shield Volcano- is a type of 

volcano resembling a warrior's shield
 lying on the ground. It can be very
big in size, however, they are not
dangerous because the eruption lava
accompanied by pyroclastic
materials (burst of gas and particles).

 
Example of Shield Volcano

Mauna Loa (has historically been considered the largest

Mt. Kilauea (the world's most active volcanic mass)
volcano on Earth)
What are the Types of Volcanoes?

2. Dome Volcano- also called

Lava Dome, any steep-sided
mound that is formed when
lava reaching the Earth's
surface is so viscous that it
cannot flow away readily and
accumulates around the vent.  

 
Example of Dome or Lava Volcano

Lava Dome of Mount St. Helens (USA)

What are the Types of Volcanoes?

3. Caldera Volcano- is a large

depression formed when a volcano
erupts and collapses. During a
volcanic eruption, magma present in
the magma chamber underneath the
volcano is expelled, often forcefully.  

 
Example of Caldera Volcano

Apolaki Caldera is a volcanic crater with a diameter of 150 kilometers (93 mi), making it the world's largest
caldera. It is located within the Benham Rise (Philippine Rise) and Mt. Pinatubo (Pampanga, Philippines)
What are the Types of Volcanoes?

4. Composite Volcano– also called

Stratovolcanoes because they are
built from alternating layers of lava,
ash, and stone. They have steep sides
around a small crater at the summit.

 
Example of Composite or Stratovolcanoes

Mayon Volcano (perfect cone, Legaspi, Albay)

 What is volcanic eruption?

Volcanic eruption -It is the forceful

and violent ejection of lava, gasses,
and rocks from a volcano. The
eruptions result from the pressure
build-up due to magma moving
from the mantle to the magma
chamber inside the volcano.
 Why volcanoes erupt?

Volcanoes erupt when molten

rock called magma rises to the
surface.
How volcanoes are classified?

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How volcanoes are classified?

1. Active -are those volcanoes that can erupt at any time. Most
active volcanoes have erupted in the recent past and have a very
high chance of erupting again.
How volcanoes are classified?

2. Dormant-These types of volcanoes have not erupted in

the recent past. But they show some signs of activity like hot
springs or fumaroles (holes on Earth’s surface oozing steam and
Volcanic gasses). Although dormant volcanoes haven’t erupted
for quite a long time, they can explode in the future.
How volcanoes are classified?

3. Extinct– They have minimal chance of eruption in the future. A

volcano is considered extinct if there has been no eruption for
thousands of years. However, there is no guarantee that an
extinct volcano may not wake up and become active someday.
What are the Types of Rocks You Can Find In
Volcanoes?

Igneous rocks are the most basic type of rock. It is derived from
the Latin word ignis meaning fire. They are formed from
solidified magma derived from the Earth’s mantle. Magma can
solidify above the surface or underground, resulting in two
subtypes of igneous rock.
What are the 2 subtypes of igneous rock?

The 2 subtypes of igneous rock

1. extrusive or volcanic rocks 

2. intrusive or plutonic rocks
What are the 2 subtypes of igneous rock?

1. extrusive or volcanic rocks—are produced when magma exits and cools

above (or very near) the Earth's surface. These are the rocks that form at
erupting volcanoes and oozing fissures.

The magma, called lava when molten rock erupts on the surface, cools and
solidifies almost instantly or quickly when it is exposed to the relatively cool
temperature of the atmosphere.
 
What are the example of extrusive or volcanic rocks?

basalt andesites rhyolites

dacites obsedian pumice

What are the 2 subtypes of igneous rock?

2. intrusive or plutonic rocks-  rock forms when magma is trapped

deep inside the Earth where it cools very slowly over many
thousands or millions of years until it solidifies.
What are the example of extrusive or volcanic rocks?

gabbro
diorites

granite
pegmatites
 What are the positive and negative effects of
volcanoes?

Positive Effect
1. reduces heat
2. Increases soil fertility
3. Creates safe habitat for some animals
4. Tourist attraction
5. Source of energy
 
 What are the positive and negative effects of
volcanoes?

Negative Effect
1. Loss of habitats
2. Causes Death to Wildlife
3. Can cause extinction of some species
4. Causes Air Pollution
5. Sudden Weather Changes
6. Can Cause Land Slides
7. Causes Deforestations through Forest Fires
8. Affects Economy
 What are the positive and negative effects of
volcanoes?

Negative Effect
9.  Causes Food Scarcity and natural resources
10. Damages properties
11. Causes diseases
12. Causes water pollution
13. Depletes Ozone layer
14. Causes land pollution through acid rain
15. Can cause tsunamis
16. Can cause earthquakes
 
 EVALUATION
Direction: Answer the following question. Write your answer on your paper.

1. _____ is the mouth of a volcano, which surrounds the vent.

2. _____ is An opening in the surface of the Earth through which volcanic materials can escape.
3. ______is the underground passage which magma travels through.
4. ______ is the liquid rock inside a volcano.
5. _______ is the liquid rock that flows out from a volcano.
6. _______ is an opening in the surface of the Earth through which volcanic materials can escape.
7. _______ is a large underground pool of liquid rock found beneath the surface of the Earth.
8. _______ is the branch of science that deals with the study of volcanoes and volcanic phenomena.
9. _______ is an arc around the Pacific Ocean where many volcanoes and the earthquakes formed.
10. _______ is the forceful and violent ejection of lava, gasses, and rocks from a volcano.
 ACTIVITY

A. Directions: Given the map, identify the volcanoes by writing its name in
the box and connect to its location.
 ACTIVITY

B. Directions: Given the map of Distribution of Volcanoes in the Philippines,

list down at least 10 active volcanoes found in the Philippines.
1._____________________
2._____________________
3._____________________
4._____________________
5._____________________
6._____________________
7._____________________
8._____________________
9._____________________
10._____________________
What is Volcano?
Parts of Volcano
HOW IT FORMS?