INTRAMUSCULAR
INJECTION(IM)
INJECTION
DR. NANA NIKOLAISHVILI
AVERSI CLINIC
SEU UNIVERSITY
INTRODUCTION
Since the 1920s,the health professionals have been aware of the fact the intramuscular injection,
which seems to be easy to be administered, may lead to preventable complications.
Intramuscular injection, which was first administered by the doctors and then the nurses with the start
of the use of penicillin in the 1940s is a frequently administered nursing application.
This is the most common way of injecting medication directly into a patient. For rapid absorption of
the medicine this is a very useful process because the medicine from this injection is inserted directly
into the muscle. This allows the medicine to gain easy access to the blood stream and quickly begin its
healing work. Intramuscular injection are the best and safest way of injecting medication into a
patient.
DEFINITION INTRAMUSCULAR INJECTION
An intramuscular injection is when medication is injected deep into
muscles. or, Intramuscular injection is the injection of a substance directly
into muscle.
PURPOSES OF INTRAMUSCULAR INJECTION
It is simple and accessible.
Adsorption of drug is more rapid.
Slightly irritant drug can be given.
Moderately large volume can be given(but not more than 5 ml).
Intramuscular injection work faster and systemic effect of the drug.
SITES OF INTRAMUSCULAR INJECTION
1.Deltoid
Finger widths down from the acromion process; the bottom edge is at an imaginary line drawn from the
axilla.
2. Ventrogluteal
With thumb toward the umbilicus, place palm of hand on the greater trochanter, index finger on the
anterior superior iliac & the middle finger on the iliac crest.
3.Vastus lateralis
Place one hand below the greater trochanter & one hand above the lateral
femoral condyle; mid-lateral thigh.
4.Dorsal gluteal (greatest risk of injury)
Draw an imaginary line between the greater trochanter & the posterior superior iliac spine; at the middle
of the imaginary line; go up
ANGLES OF INTRAMUSCULAR INJECTION
• Intramuscular at 90 degree angle.
• Subcutaneous at 45 degree angle.
• Intradermal at 10-15 degree angle.
• Intravenous 25 degree angle
DISADVANTAGES OF INTRAMUSCULAR
INJECTION
Painful.
Chance of hematoma.
Chance of neurovascular bundle injury.
Large volume can not be administered.
PRECAUTIONS OF INTRAMUSCULAR
INJECTION
Never use the same needle & syringe to inject more than one person.
It is important to know what reactions a medicine can produce & to take the
recommended precautions before injecting.
If any signs of allergic or poisonous reaction appear, never give the same or
similar medicine again.
Select the proper site & needle size according to age, weight of the patient &
medication viscosity.
Maintain sterile technique properly.
PROCEDURE OF INTRAMUSCULAR INJECTION
EQUIPMENT
• Sterile container/kidney tray.
• Cotton.
• Gloves.
• Antiseptic solution.
• Sterilized syringe & needle-3cc,5cc,10cc according amount of medication.
• Required medicine(in vail or ampoule).
• Ampoule of sterile water.
• Gauze pieces if needed.
PROCEDURE
I. Check patients name & medication order, including rights of administration
II. Explain procedure to the patient.
III.Perform hand washing.
IV. Withdraw medication from an ampoule or vial.
V. Do not add air to the syringe.
VI.Provide for the privacy. Have the patient assume a position appropriate for the site selected.
VII.Ensure that the area is not tender & is free of lumps or nodules.
VIII.Clean the area thoroughly with an alcohol swab, using friction. Allow alcohol to dry.
IX.Quickly dart the needle into the tissue at a 90 degree angle.
X. As soon as the needle is in place, use non-dominant hand to hold the lower end of the syringes. Slide dominant to the tip of
the barrel.
XI.Aspirate by slowly(for last 5 seconds)pulling back on the plunger to determine whether the needle is in a blood vessel. If
blood is aspirated, discard the needle, syringes & medication, prepare a new sterile set up & inject at another site.
XII.If no blood is aspirated, injected the solution slowly.
XIII.Remove the needle slowly & steadily.
XIV.Assist the patient to a position of comfort.
XV.Remove gloves & dispose of the properly. Perform hand hygiene.
COMPLICATION OF INTRAMUSCULAR
INJECTION
• Swelling
• Redness
• Pain
• Bruising/ecchymosis
• Itching
• Infections
• Allergic reaction/hypersensitivity
• Inflammation
• Solid nodules
• Lumps caused by misdistribution
• Tissue necrosis
• Embolism
LETS DO IT
