IBN SINA (AVICENNA)

•Ibn Sina was born in August, 980

•Born in Afsana in Bukhara (now
Uzbekistan)
•But he was Persian
•He was placed in strict education in
Bukhara by his father
•His dad was a respected person
•He was a Muslim
•He memorized the Quran at age 10.
•He overtook and went beyond his
teacher's knowledge at 14.
 IBN SINA (AVICENNA)

ONE OF THE MOST NOTABLE SCIENTISTS IN THE GOLDEN AGE

OF ISLAM
•One of Ibn Sina's specialty topics was medicine
•He came up with many cures and methods for healing.
•He was respected in this field.

Philosophy
•Ibn Sina used the Qur'an to backup his evidence in philosophy
•He is a very famous philosopher.
•He argued against different people in this field like Aristotle.
His Knowledge
Adulthood
•He started learning medicine at 16.
•His dad died when he was 22.
•Pursued careers in medicine and science.

He studied a variety of topics:

•Medicine
•Philosophy
•Chemistry
•Astronomy
•Geology
•Psychology
•Islamic Theology
•Logic
•Mathematics
•Poetry
His Legacy
His Writings
The Canon of Medicine
Today's Benefit: Muslim Contributions
•The Canon of Medicine is his most
famous book.
•It is a summary of all the medical
knowledge at that time.
This was used as a textbook in universities
in the late 1600's
•There is a monument of him in front of the
Bukhara Museum.
•He is known as the "doctor of doctors"
•There is a portrait in a university in Paris
•He is a national icon of Persia
•His face is on a piece of currency
•There is a mountain peak named after him
•There is a plant genus named after him
(Avicennia)
•There is a crater on the moon named after
him
•There is a science award upon his name
Picture of ibn Sina on the Tajikistan 20-somoni
note
A TRUE LEGEND

We continue to profit from Ibn Sina's

discoveries, such as the linkages
between his studies and the Quran,
and his 240 surviving volumes that
contain historical knowledge. Ibn Sina
was one of Islam's most prolific
contributors throughout its Golden Age.
BIOGRAPHY OF
IMAM MĀLIK
 His Name: Malik bin Anas bin Malik bin
Abi Aamir
 His Kunya: (Patronymic filial name): Abu
'Abdillah
 His Lineage: Malik bin Anas bin Malik bin
Abi Aamir bin 'Amr bin al-Harith bin
Ainmaan (Uthmaan) bin Khuthail (AL-
ASBAHEE-a royal tribe branch of Himyar
in Yemen)
  His Birth: According to Hafiz
Zhahabi, Sam'aani ibn Farhoon,
and others Imaam Malik was
born in the year 93 A.H. due to
the report of Yahya bin Bukair
one of the elder students of the
Imaam.
 Others have said he was born
in 90 A.H. some say in 95 A.H.
and Yaf'ee reports in
Tabaqaatul- Fuqaha, 94 A.H.
 His Education and Knowledge:
The Imaam's Family was in itself a place of
knowledge where his childhood was in the beautiful
gardens and land of Madinah.
He learned and memorized the Qur'an in his youth.
He recited to Imaamul-Qurra', Nafi' bin Abdur-
Rahman (whose recitation is the foundation of the
entire Muslim Ummah today and he passed away in
the year 169 A.H.) and also received his (Sanad)
certification and permission to teach others from
him. In the beginning of his quest for knowledge the
Imaam did not have many means to acquire it
properly so he sold the ceiling beams of his home to
purchase books and papers for enabling him to do
so. After some time Allah SWT bestowed him with a
lot of wealth and money.
 The Imaam's memory was also extraordinary
The Imaam's memory was also extraordinary. He
himself would that anything I would record in my
memory would never be forgotten again. It is
reported about the Imaam that he had the best
memory in all of Hijaz, likewise in the knowledge of
Hadith and Fiqh. Imaam Shaf'iee (RA) says about
him, "If Malik and Ibn Uyainah where not here, the
knowledge of Hijaaz would be gone." Imaam
Zhahabi say, "There remains no scholar in Madinah
after the Tabi'een comparable to Imaam Malik's
knowledge, jurisprudence, eminence, and
memorization."
 In Hadith, the Imaam was the leader of all of
Madinah, where his chain of narrators were
the most authentic and called "SILSILATUL-
ZHAHAB" or "THE GOLDEN CHAIN OF
NARRATORS" (ie. Narrated from Malik from
Nafi' from Ibn Umar (Radhi Allahu Anhu). The
Imaam would not just narrate Hadith from
anyone, rather he would take great caution
and narrate only from authentic and reliable
sources.
In Fiqh, the Imaam was on a higher level than all the
rest. Bahlool bin Raashid says about him, "I have never
seen someone with the knowledge of deducing from
the Qur'an as Malik, along with his great recognition of
strong and weak narrations." Abdullah bin Luhay'ah
says, "I asked al-Nadhr bin Abdul-Jabbar (Abul-Aswad)
who has a saying after Rabi'ah in Madinah? He relpied,
al-Ghulam al- Asbahi (ie. Imaam Malik). Imaam Ahmed
bin Hanbal says about the great Imaam, "I compared
Imaam Malik to Awzaa'eey, Thawri, Laith, Hammaad,
and al-Hakam in knowledge, and he is the leader in
Hadith and Fiqh."
 His Teachers and Instructors:
Imaam Malik would only take knowledge from
those men who were famous for their
cleanliness, piety, and truthfulness, who were
distinct in memorization and jurisprudence.
The teachers mentioned in Muwatta from
whom he narrated Hadith from are 95 in total
all of who were from Madinah. Thus making
all of the various holders of knowledge who
were scattered all around now brought
together in one holder (Imaam Malik), this is
why he earned the name of "IMAAM DARUL-
HIJRAH."
Some of His Aqeedah: Imaam Malik believed
that the Qur'an, which is the last message of
Allah, was Ghair Makhluq, not a creation. He
also believed that Allah SWT is on His Throne
just as he has described in the Qur'an. He
believed that Allah SWT has the knowledge of
everything and that the believers will see Him
with their eyes on the Day of Judgment. He
believed that Imaan (faith) is to declare it by
mouth, and is manifested through actions that
will increase by obedience and decrease by
committing sins.
 His love for Madinah:
Even when the Imaam attained old age and became
very weak he never rode on an animal in Madinah his
entire life. He understood that it was against the
respect of Madinah to ride on the very land that the
Prophet (Sallallahu Alaihi Wa Sallam) is buried in.
Imaam Shaf'iee (RA) says, "I saw at the door of Imaam
Malik's home beautiful horses from Khurasaan and
Egyptian Mules. So I said to him they were very nice.
He said they are yours as a gift from me. I said that
you should keep one for yourself. His reply was that I
am embarrassed to do so! How can I ride on them
when the body of the Holy Prophet (Sallallahu Alaihi
Wa Sallam) is buried here in Madinah and the land is
being rode on with the hooves of horses?
CHARACTERISTICS OF IMAM MALIK
 A humble and meticulous Muslim
 He refuse to narrate a hadith while walking.
 When someone asked about a hadith, he would stop, sit
down, and give the hadith the attention it deserved, out of
respect for Prophet Muhammad.
 He would also refuse to ride any animal in the city of
Madinah - seeing it as unfathomable that he would ride
on the same dust that Muhammad’s feet walked on.
 This type of extra respect and meticulousness out of
respect for Prophet Muhammad ‫ ﷺ‬certainly is not
mandatory according to Islamic law, but simply a sign of
the emphasis Imam Malik placed on the importance of
Muhammad ‫ﷺ‬.
Activities
 His engagement in the community was essentially two fold:
 1. Involving teaching the people generally and giving legal
opinions (fatwas) on real-life issues
 2. To establish order in the community by exerting his influence.
 He saw:
• The exchange of leadership from the Umayyad Khilafah to the
Abbasid Khilafah
• The revolt of the Kharajites (who were violent and withdrew
allegiance to the Khalifah) and ‘Alawites (another deviant
group).
• He also heard of accounts of the revolt of Ibn az-Zubayr against
theUmayyad Khilafah when the sacredness of the two Harams
was violated.
 3. Imam Malik took the correct Islamic position of not
rebelling against the Khalifah, nor abandoning the
allegiance to him, nor being content with the improper
rule. Instead he sought to reform the Khalifah through
proper means. He established this position upon
ahadith and not mere neutrality.
 4. Imam Malik would regularly advise the governors
and rulers, for he feared that they would be
inconsistent in the application of Islam. Imam Malik,
unaware of the motivations of the rebels, hence
disregarded the Khalifah’s request and fearing none
but Allah (SWT), continued his traditional way of
being a muhaddith and faqih. This meant he continued
to teach and did not censor the hadith.
 Imam Malik’s ideology on fiqh developed into
the Maliki madhab (school).
 As Imam Malik wished, it was not imposed on
Muslims as the sole school of Islamic law.
 Instead, it complemented the other three schools
that took precedence in the Sunni Muslim world
– the Hanafi, Shafi’i, and Hanbali schools.
 The Maliki school became very popular in
North and West Africa, as well as Muslim Spain.
Today it remains the main madhab of North and
West Africa.
 His Demise:
The great Imaam reached the age of 84
or 86 or 87 or 90 years when he became
ill on a Sunday and this illness continued
to get worse for three weeks until on the
11th or 14th of Rabi-al-Awwal 179 A.H. he
passed away. He was buried in the
famous graveyard in Madinah called
Jannatul- Baqee.