DEBRE TABOR UNIVERSITY
FACULTY OF TECHNOLOGY
Department of Electromechanical Engineering
Course Name: Machine Tools Design & Numerical control ( 5 )
Course Code: EMEg 5211
By: Amanuel Mihiret
2014 E.C./2022 G.C.
Chapter- 5: NC Manual Part Programming
Content of the Chapter: Major Objectives of the
1.Manual NC Part Chapter
Know the part programing of
Programming
NC using G & M-code
Types of words in part
manually,
programming Discus the use of G-code and
G-Codes M-code in NC part
M-Codes programming, &
2. Sample example on NC Write NC part programming
part programming for lathe, mill and drilling
machines
5.1. Manual part programming
Types of words in part programming: 8 types are:
1. N: sequence number prefix
2. G: preparatory words
Example: G-commands
G00 – Rapid positioning mode
G01 – Linear Interpolation mode
G02 – Circular motion/Interpolation clockwise (CW)
G03 – Circular motion/Interpolation counter clockwise (CCW)
Cont.
3. X, Y, Z - prefixes for x, y, and z-axes 4. F - feed rate prefix
5. S - spindle speed 6. T - tool selection
7. M - miscellaneous command 8. EOB - end of block
Example: miscellaneous commands
M00 – Programmed pause/stop
M01 – Optional program stop
M02 – End of program
Cont.
Common Formats of a NC part programming block
Fig.5.1. General configuration of CNC
Cont.
G-CODES
G-codes: are preparatory functions that involve actual tool moves (for
example, control of the machine).
These include rapid moves, feed moves, radial feed moves, dwells, and
roughing and profiling cycles.
Most G-codes described here/below are modal, meaning that they remain
active until canceled by another code.
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ing-tools/list-of-g-codes
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Common G-Code & M-Code Table
5.2. Sample Examples on Manual Part Programming
Example:
1) Write a program to drill three
holes in a plate 15mm thick as shown
in fig.5.2 below, tape feed rate of
150mm per mint and a spindle speed
of 1400 RPM, drill diameter is
10mm. Fig.5.2. Example 1
Cont.
Solution:
Given:
• 3-holes,
• t = 15mm,
• F = 150 mm/m
• S = 1400 RPM
• Drill Diameter = 10mm
Cont.
2) Write a program for the arc
shown in fig. 5.3, with reference
plane 25 mm, feed 50 mm/min,
speed 20 RPM, arc width 9mm,
depth of cut 11mm.
Fig.5.3. Example 2
Cont.
Solution: N01 G92 X0 Y0 Z0;
N02 G00 X50 Y12.5 R25 M03 T01;
Given: N03 G01 Z-36 F50 S20;
• Arc, N04 M08;
• Plane thickens = N05 G02 X12.5 Y50.0 I0 J35.554;
25mm, N06 M09;
• F = 50 mm/m, N07 G00 X50.0 Y87.5;
• S = 20 RPM, N08 G01 Z-36.0 F50 S20;
• Arc width = 9mm N09 M08;
• Depth of cut= 11mm N10 G02 X87.5 Y50.0 I0 J35.554;
N11 M09;
N12 G00 R25.0 X0 Y0;
N13 M06;
N14 M30;
Circular Interpolation (G02)
3) Write a CNC program to
milling of the work piece as
shown in fig. 5.4, the cutter
diameter 10mm width 10 mm,
thickness of plate 25mm, feed
350 mm /mint.
Fig.5.4. Example 3
Cont.
Solution: N001 G92 X-80.0 Y0 Z0;
N002 G90;
Given: N003 G00 X80.0 Y0.0 Z0.0 T01 M03;
• Milling, N004 M08;
• Cutter diameter = 10 mm, N004 G01 X180.0 Y0.0 Z-10.0 F350 M03;
• F = 350 mm/m, N005 G01 X180.0 Y60.0;
• Let S = 100 RPM, N006 G01 X120.0 Y60.0;
• Width = 10 mm, N008 G02 X120.0 Y60.0 I-20.0 J0.0;
• Thickness = 25 mm N008 G01 X80.0 Y60.0;
N009 G01 X80.0 Y0.0;
N010 M09;
N011 M05;
N012 M30;
Cont.
4) Write the CNC program turning operation
for the given work-piece as shown in Fig. 5.5
below with raw material available is 20mm
diameter bar.
The orations involved are:
i. Facing
ii. Turn to 15mm diameter over 15mm length.
iii. Taper turning
Fig.5.5. Example 4
Cont.
Solution:
N0010 G71 G90 G94 EOB;
N0020 T01 S1000 M03 EOB;
Given: N0030 G00 X-7.5 Z0.5 EOB;
• Facing, N0040 G01 X0.00 F200 EOB;
• Diameter = 20 mm, N0050 Z0.00 EOB;
• Let F = 200 mm/m, N0060 X-7.5.00 EOB;
• Let S = 1000 RPM, N0070 Z-15 EOB;
• Length= 35 mm, N0080 X -10.00 Z-20 EOB;
N0900 Z-35.00 EOB;
N0100 G00 X0.00 Z0.00 EOB;
N0110 M02 EOB;
Cont.
5) Write the CNC Milling
program for the given work-
piece shown in Fig. 5.6.
Fig.5.6. Example 5
Cont.
Solution: N005 G71 G90 G94 EOB;
N010 G00 X-20.00 EOB;
N015 G00 Z-10.00 EOB;
N020 G01 G42 X0 Y0 F200 S1000 M03 EOB;
Given: N0025 G01 X80.00 EOB;
• Feed(F) = 65 mm/minute N0030 G01 X95.00 Y15.00 I0 J15.00 EOB;
• Speed (S) = 1000 rpm N0035 G01 Y50.00 EOB;
• Depth of cut = 10 mm N0040 G01 X15.00 EOB;
N0045 G01 X0 Y35.00 EOB;
N0055 G01 X0 Y0 EOB;
N0060 G40 EOB;
N0065 G00 X-20.00 Z20.00 EOB;
N0070 M02 EOB;
Cont.
6) Write the NC part program
for the following work-piece
shown in Fig. 5.7. Notice that
the origin position is (X,Y,Z)
= (0, -50,10)
Fig.5.7. Example 6
Cont.
Solution:
N001 G21 G90 G92 X0 Y-50.0 Z10.0;
N002 G00 X70 Y30;
N003 G01 G95 Z-15.0 F0.05 S1000 M03;
N004 G01 Z10.0;
N005 G00 Y60.0;
Given: N006 G01 G95 Z-15.0 F0.05;
• F = 0.05 mm/min N007 G01 Z10.0;
• S = 1000 RPM
N008 G00 X120.0 Y30.0;
N009 G01 G95 Z-15.0 F0.05;
N010 G01 Z10.0;
N011 G00 X0 Y-50.0 Z10.0 M05;
N012 M30;
Absolute coordinates (center) & radius in
absolute coordinates
6) Write the CNC part program for the following work-piece shown in Fig.
5.8. for milling.
Given:
• F = 150 mm/min
• S = 1000 RPM
Fig.5.8. Example 7
Cont.
Solution: Center (Method-1)
Calculating the points
needed to program the part:
Cont.
Solution: Method-2
(using Radius of the arcs)
• Also we can write using
radius form with absolute
coordinate/ positioning
(G90) system;
Cont.
Solution: Method-3 N10 G90 S1000 T2 D2 M3
N20 G0 G42 X0 Y0 Z5
(method-1 using N30 G94 G1 Z-5 F150
Incremental
Incremental Positioning) N40 G91 X120 F250 Positioning
N50 Y40
N60 G3 X-20 Y20 I-20 J0 Difference-1
• Using arc center form N70 G1 X-25.858 Difference-2
N80 G2 X-28.284 I-14.142 J-5
with Incremental Difference-3
N90 G1 X-25.858
Difference-4
coordinate/ positioning N100 G3 X-20 Y-20 I0 J-20
N110 G1 Y-40 Difference-5
(G90) system; N120 G90 G1 Z5 Difference-6
N130 G0 G40 X-30 Y-30 Z20 M30
Cont.
Solution: Method-4 N10 G90 S1000 T2 D2 M3
N20 G0 G42 X0 Y0 Z5
(method-2 using N30 G94 G1 Z-5 F150
Incremental
Incremental Positioning) N40 G91 X120 F250 Positioning
N50 Y40
N60 G3 X-20 Y20 R20 Difference-1
• Using arc radius form N70 G1 X-25.858 Difference-2
N80 G2 X-28.282 R-15
with Incremental Difference-3
N90 G1 X-25.858
Difference-4
coordinate/ positioning N100 G3 X-20 Y-20 R20
N110 G1 Y-40 Difference-5
(G90) system; N120 G90 G1 Z5 Difference-6
N130 G0 G40 X-30 Y-30 Z20 M30
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