WELCOME TO THE
WORLD OF
SCIENCE
March 28, 2021
Explain the properties of solids,
liquids, and gases based on the
PARTICLE particle nature of matter;
NATURE OF Identify and describe the classification of
MATTER matter based on its physical state (solids,
liquids, and gases).
Differentiate solids, liquids, and gases-based
shape, molecular arrangement, mass and the
February 9, 2022 movement of its molecules.
Which is Matter?
Matter Matter Matter Matter
Sugar Water Air Inside the ball Leaves
Not Matter Not Matter Matter
Heat Light Smoke
Which is Matter?
Sugar Water Air Inside the ball Leaves
Heat Light Smoke
WHAT IS MATTER?
Matter
Is anything that has mass and
occupies space
Can be detected using our
senses.
Why is it heat and light
are not matter?
Matter includes anything that has
mass. Energy describes the
ability to do work. So light and
heat are not matter.
Describe ME!
SAMPLES DESCRIPTION
Sugar granules Coarsely ground, white
Water Clear, tasteless, odorless
Stone Hard, rough, small/big
Air inside the ball
Odorless, tasteless
Leaves Color green, slightly rough,
irregular shape
Properties
Distinguishing characteristics that we use to identify different
samples of matter.
Physical Property Chemical Property
Can be observed without Describe the ability to change into
changing into another new substance. They cannot be
substance observed without changing a
• Melting point • Hardness substance into a new substance.
• Boiling point • Softness • Able to catch fire
• Odor • Ductility (flammability)
• Color • Malleability • Ability to react (rusting,
• Taste • Physical state tarnishing)
• Solubility • Heat conductivity • Non-reactivity (water does not
• Density react with air.
WHAT IS MATTER
MADE OF?
Volume is the amount of space that a substance or object occupies.
What is the taste of the
resulting mixture?
The resulting mixture is
salty.
What do you notice
about its volume?
There is an increase in
the volume of the water
due to the dissolved salt
in water.
What do you
observe after
adding the food
color?
The water slowly
turn into different
colors.
What is matter made of?
Leucippus & Democritus believed
that nature is consisted of two things,
atoms and the void that surround
them.
“atoms are physically, but not
geometrically indivisible”.
Democritus- “atoms are
indestructible and completely full, so
there is no empty space”.
Indestructible – not able to be
destroyed.
What is matter made of?
Both believed that atoms have
different kinds and have a
specific size and shape that
move randomly around in space
He called this particle
“atomos”, a Greek word which
means “indivisible particle”
Indivisible – cannot further
divide into smaller pieces.
What is matter made of?
Democritus ideas about atom were
later challenged by another Greek
philosopher, named Aristotle.
Aristotle – all matter is composed of
the four basic elements “fire, earth,
air, and water”
Aristotle
What is matter made of?
John Dalton presented
concrete evidence that all
matter is made of very small
particles called atoms.
An atom is the smallest
particle of an element that has
all the properties of the
element.
The theory they developed is called the particle nature of
matter.
There are four main ideas in the particle model:
1. All matter is made up of tiny particles.
2. The particles of matter are always moving.
3. The particles have spaces between them.
4. Adding heat to matter makes the particles move faster
WHAT IS DIFFERENCE
BETWEEN ATOM AND
MOLECULE?
Atom
Smallest particle of an element
Molecule
Particle consisting of two or more
atoms combined together
Particle – tiny small portion of matter
PARTICLE MODELS OF
THE THREE STATES OF
MATTER
Who Am I?
1. DOWO WOOD SOLID
2. ECUJI JUICE LIQUID
3. YNXOEN OXYGEN GAS
4. NTSOE STONE SOLID
Gas Particles
Arrangement Far apart
Movement Can move
freely
Shape Does not have
definite shape
Volume Does not have
definite volume
Attraction of Particles are barely
particles attracted to each other
Particle Model of the Three States of Matter
Liquid Particles
Arrangement Close together
Movement Move rapidly enough to
slide over one another
Shape Does not have definite shape
(follows the shape of its
container)
Volume have definite
volume
Attraction of Particles are attracted to
particles each other
Particle Model of the Three States of Matter
Solid Particles
Arrangement Closely packed together
Movement Atoms move through
vibration only
Shape
have definite shape
Volume have definite
volume
Attraction of Particles are very
particles attracted to each other
Particle Model of the Three States of Matter
What happen
when heat is
added to
matter?
Particles move faster
and it change its
state of matter.
Why is the particle model useful?
1. It provides a valid explanation for the behavior of matter.
2. It presents a very important idea—the particles of matter are
always moving
3. It can be used to explain the properties of solids, liquids, and
gases.
4. It can also be used to explain what happens in changes of
state.
