ENGLISH

LESSON
TUTOR AT
TURITO
We l c o m e S t u d e n t s !
W h a t is a S en t en ce?
 Word - A meaningful sound or
combination of sounds t h a t is a unit of
language or its representation in a
text.

Sentence - A group of words t h a t has a

complete and independent thought.

Paragraph - A group of related

sentences t h a t expresses a single idea
or the main topic.
Sentence
A group of words t h a t h as a complete and independent thought and h as a subject and a
predicate. Also, it is always composed of a t l e a s t one independent clause.

S E NT E NCE
S UB J E CT P R E DICAT E
S UB J E CT

The subject is the doer of the

action or the one being
talked about int he sentence.
All subjects are either nouns,
pronouns, gerund, infinitives, or
clauses and are placed before or
after the verb.
Example - Jane went home late.
(doer of the action)

- Myla is the smartest student

in the class.
(one being talked
about)
S UB J E CT

COMPLETE S U B J E C T SIMPLE S U B J E C T

A noun, a pronoun or a group of words which is It is the important noun, pronoun, or group
the doer of being talked about in the of words that out of the complete subject.
sentence. it may include modifiers. The simple subject is the primary word or
The complete subject is the simple subject phrase that a sentence is about.
and any words that modify or describe it.
 E x a mple
The new instructor taught Spanish to
the foreign student in the classroom.

Complete subject:
The new instructor

Simple Subject: instructor

 Some more
examples

Simple subject: The man with the marbles is here.

Complete subject: The man with the marbles is
here.
Simple subject: A number of items are missing.
Complete subject: A number of items are
missing.
Simple subject: The number of cases is rising.
Complete subject: The number of cases is rising.
Simple subject: Minerva Dash is our new
manager.
Complete subject: Minerva Dash is our new
manager.
 Simple subject
The simple subject is the key word or phrase t h a t a
sentence is about.

EXAMPLES
My friend is a writer.
The litt le shop around the corner is gone.
Harris’s sister is a n astronaut.
The c a t they brought home from the shelter was white with
black spots.

The simple subject in a sentence c a n be a proper or a common

noun, or a pronoun.
EXAMPLES
Minerva Dash is a famous architect.
Is your mother home?
My neighbor, who’s a superhero, has lost her cape.
You c a n ask for help if you need it.

A simple subject may also be a phrase.

EXAMPLES
On weekends is when we relax.
At six will be fi ne.
 Complete subject
A complete subject is the simple subject
along with its modifi ers, which are all the
other words t h a t accompany the
simple subject.

EXAMPLES
My friend is a writer.
The litt le shop around the corner is gone.
Harris’s sister is an astronaut.
The c a t we adopted from the shelter was white with black
spots.
Minerva Dash is a famous architect.
Is your mother home?
My neighbor, who’s a superhero, has lost her cape.
You ca n ask for help if you need it.
On weekends is when we relax.
At six is when I leave work.
Compound
subjects

In a compound subject, two or more

subjects are joined by a conjunction
like and to share t he same verb.

EXAMPLES
The dog and t he c a t are friends.
The manager or the staff will know.
Compound subjects

Composed of two or more subjects that have the

same verb. Subjects are joined by the
coordinating conjuction "and"/ "or".

Example -
Special Notes

It can be tricky to determine whether to

use singular or plural verbs with

compound subjects. When two subjects

are joined by or or nor, the verb used
should agree with the simple subject
closest to it.

EXAMPLES

The writers or the editor has

to decide.
The editor or the writers have
to decide.
Neither my grandparents nor my mom
is from Spain.
Neither my mom nor my
grandparents are from Spain.
 Predicate
The predicate is the part of a sentence (or
clause) t h a t tells us what the subject does
or is. To put it another way, the predicate
is everything t h a t is not the subject.

Examples
True friends appear less moved than counterfeit.
(Greek
philosopher Homer )

Words empty a s the wind are best left unsaid. (Homer )

People c an come up with statistics to prove anything.
Forty percent of all people know that. (Homer Simpson)
With $10,000, we would be millionaires! We could buy
a ll kinds of useful t hings like … love. (Homer)
Predicate In Simpler
Words
Predicate Examples
Predicate Types

Simple Predicate
A simple predicate is a grammatical
construct (part of a sentence) that typically refers to
the action that the subject is performing. The simple
predicate (simple verb) is a single word (or group of
words if a verb phrase) representing the verb without
any of its modifiers.
Examples of Simple Predicate

Simple Predicates

The taxi-driver drove very

quickly through the
neighborhood.

Our team’s injured player

scored the winning goal.

Their water supplies were

running very low yesterday.
 Complete
Predicate
complete predicate refers to the
predicate/verb as well as all of
its modifiers.

Examples of Complete Predicate

The taxi-driver drove very quickly
through the neighborhood.
Our team’s injured player scored the
winning goal.
Their water supplies were running very
low yesterday.
 Compound Predicate
A compound predicate tells us two (or
more) things about the same subject
(without repeating the subject).

This is a simple predicate:

Rachel lives in
Dublin.
(This tell us just one thing about the
subject ("Rachel").

This is not a compound predicate.)

These are examples of compound predicates:
Rachel lives in Dublin and speaks Irish.
(This tell us two things about the subject
("Rachel").) The telegram was late but contained
exciting news.
They need to absorb nitrogen and keep
Complements
Complements Word/
Action Verb
DIRECT OBJECT
Complements Word/
Action Verb
INDIRECT OBJECT
 Complements Word/
Action Verb
OBJECTIVE
COMPLEMENT
The object of a sentence is the person,
place, thing, or idea that's receiving
the action of the verb. Object
complements can also be a noun, an
adjective, a single word, or a group of
words that act like a noun or
adjective.
Complements Word/
Action Verb
OBJECTIVE
COMPLEMENT
 Complements Word/
Action Verb
OBJECTIVE COMPLEMENT
He makes me very sad. (Providing more information about

the object "me")

A wool scarf will keep your neck warm in the winter.

(Providing more information about the object "your neck")

We appointed Barry treasurer. (Providing more

information about the object "Barry")

The gentle music rendered Janine quite drowsy. (Providing

more information about the object "Janine")

Darren found his son fast asleep under his blanket.

(Providing more information about the object "son")

 Complements Word/
Action Verb
SUBJECT COMPLEMENT
Subject complements can be a noun, an adjective, a single word, or a

group of words that act like a noun or adjective. Subject

complements can be further broken down into predicate

nominatives and predicate adjectives.

EXAMPLES

My uniform is torn and dirty.

My uniform is a T-shirt and jeans.

"Imagination is the one weapon in the war against reality. – Jules

de Gaultier

"Love is an exploding cigar we willingly smoke."– Lynda Barry

Complements Word/
Action Verb
SUBJECT COMPLEMENT
Subject complements can be a noun, an adjective, a single

word, or a group of words that act like a noun or

adjective.

Subject complements can be further broken down

into predicate nominatives and predicate adjectives.

EXAMPLES

My uniform is torn and dirty.

My uniform is a T-shirt and jeans.

"Imagination is the one weapon in the war against

reality. –

Jules de Gaultier

"Love is an exploding cigar we willingly smoke."–

Complements Word/
Action Verb
SUBJECT
COMPLEMENT
Complements Word/
Action Verb
SUBJECT
COMPLEMENT
RECAPITULATE
WITH TUTOR ANUPA

What is a Sentence?
Subject
Complete Subject
Simple Subject
Compound Subject

Predicate
Simple Predicate
Complete Predicate

Complements
Direct & Indirect
Complement Objective
Complement
HAPPY
LE AR NING