Scribd
Upload
166 views24 pages

Advantages of Diamond Chips Over Silicon

The document discusses carbon-based chips as an alternative to silicon chips. It describes how carbon exists in different allotropes that can be used for semiconductor applications, such as graphene, carbon nanotubes, and lonsdaleite. Carbon chips have advantages over silicon, including smaller size, faster speeds, higher temperature stability, and greater power handling. Early prototypes of carbon-based logic gates have been developed, demonstrating carbon's potential to replace silicon in electronics. However, doping carbon remains more difficult than doping silicon. Overall, the document argues that carbon chips will replace silicon in future generations of electronics and devices.

Uploaded by

Rakesh Kiran
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
166 views24 pages

Advantages of Diamond Chips Over Silicon

The document discusses carbon-based chips as an alternative to silicon chips. It describes how carbon exists in different allotropes that can be used for semiconductor applications, such as graphene, carbon nanotubes, and lonsdaleite. Carbon chips have advantages over silicon, including smaller size, faster speeds, higher temperature stability, and greater power handling. Early prototypes of carbon-based logic gates have been developed, demonstrating carbon's potential to replace silicon in electronics. However, doping carbon remains more difficult than doping silicon. Overall, the document argues that carbon chips will replace silicon in future generations of electronics and devices.

Uploaded by

Rakesh Kiran
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

PRESENTED BY :

[Link] KIRAN
Mail id: rakeshkiran87@[Link]
Contact: 9030492595
 Electronics without silicon is unbelievable.
 Disadvantages when used in power electronics
application, such as:
1) bulk in size
2) slow operating speed, etc.
 Pure Silicon and Germanium are
semiconductors in normal temperature.
 In earlier days they were used widely
for manufacturing of electronic
components.

Fig: Part of modern


periodic table
 Research people found that carbon has more
advantages than silicon.
 Using carbon as the manufacturing material, we
can achieve smaller, faster and stronger chips.
 Ina single definition, Diamond Chip or Carbon
Chip is an Electronic Chip manufactured on a
diamond structure Carbon wafer
 Diamond structural carbon is non conducting in
nature.
 To make it conducting, doping process is
performed.
Boron-- as the p-type.
Nitrogen--as the n-type.
Developed by Nippon
Telegraph and Telephone
Corporation (NTT), Japan,
1991.

A diamond semiconductor
operates on a 81 GHz
frequency, and is more
than twice the speed of
earlier devices.
 Carbon is not a semiconductor.
 Some of the carbon allotropes acts as
semiconductor.

Fig: Carbon atom.


allotrope of carbon.
 structure is one-atom-thick
planar sheets of sp2-bondage
 densely packed in a
honeycomb crystal lattice.

Fig : Graphene sheet in planer structure.

Properties:
It has a remarkably high electron mobility at room temperature.
Graphene structure can be doped easily.
Can be converted back to its undoped.
Just fold the graphene sheet into a
tube like structure
It is a nanosize cylinder of carbon
atoms.
It has less than
one nanometer diameter.

Fig:Carbon nanotubes
Fig :View of
made step by step.
CNT.
Fig: All SWNT structures.

Fig:multiwalled
 Lonsdaleite is an sp3
bondage allotropic
form of carbon i.e. 3-
(a)
dimentional CNT.
 Crystal structure of
Lonsdaleite looks
exactly like diamond.

(b)

Fig (a): Lonsdaleite


Structure.
(b):crystal structure of
Lonsdaleite.
 Properties
1 Strength
2 Hardness
3 Electrical
4 Thermal
5 One-dimensional transport
 HARDNESS :
 It can withstand a pressure up
to 24GPa without
deformation.

 STRENGTH :
 Carbon nanotubes are the
strongest and stiffest materials
yet discovered in terms of
tensile strength and elastic
modulus respectively.
 ELECTRICAL :
 High electrical conductivity (10-6
ohm).
 Do not suffer from electro migration or
atomic diffusion and thus can carry high
current densities (107 -109
A/cm2 ),which is 1000 times that of
copper.
 Both metal and semiconductor can be
formed.
 THERMAL :
 The temperature stability of carbon
nanotubes is estimated to be up to
2800 °C in vacuum and about 750 °C in
air.

 ONE DIMENTIONAL TRANSPORT :


 Because of the nanoscale dimensions,
electrons propagate only along the tube's
axis.
 Carbon nanotubes are frequently referred
to as “one-dimensional” Fig: Flow of electrons
In Carbon Nanotubes.
 Much smaller components are possible.
 Conducts electricity faster as electrons
travels through straight line without
scattering.
 Ultimately we get faster and more
efficient electronic component.
 Simple inverter device
consists of a nanotube FET
and a large bias resistance:
which converts a high input
voltage to a low one –i.e.,
"one" to "zero" - and vice
versa.
 By adding an extra FET in
parallel, the researchers
made a NOR gate. This
device needs two "zero"
inputs to give a "one"
output, or two "ones" to
give a "zero”.
..OF DIMOND CHIP OVER SILICON CHIP

 Smaller components are possible.

 It works at higher temperature.

 Faster than silicon chips.

 Larger power handling capacity.


 Information and Communications,
 Materials and Manufacturing,
 Biomedical,
 Energy and Environmental,
 Transportation
 Consumer goods.
 Much more expensive than silicon.

 Doping process is very hard to perform due to the


diamond structure , than in silicon.
Thus diamond chip replaces the need of
silicon in every aspect in future generation.
?
O;

You might also like