Design of Seismic-Resistant Steel

Building Structures
1. Introduction and
Basic Principles
Prepared by:
Michael D. Engelhardt, PhD
University of Texas at Austin
Updated by:
Patricia Clayton, PhD
University of Texas at Austin

with the support of the

American Institute of Steel Construction

Version 2 – June 2020

Version 1 – March 2007
 Design of Seismic-Resistant
Steel Building Structures

1. Introduction and Basic Principles

2. Moment Resisting Frames
3. Concentrically Braced Frames
4. Eccentrically Braced Frames
5. Buckling-Restrained Braced Frames
6. Special Plate Shear Walls

2
 1 - Introduction and Basic Principles

• Performance of Steel Buildings in Past Earthquakes

• Codes for Seismic Resistant Steel Buildings
• Building Code Philosophy and Approach
• Overview of AISC Seismic Provisions
• AISC Seismic Provisions - General Requirements
Applicable to All Steel Systems

3
 1 - Introduction and Basic Principles

• Performance of Steel Buildings in Past

Earthquakes
• Codes for Seismic Resistant Steel Buildings
• Building Code Philosophy and Approach
• Overview of AISC Seismic Provisions
• AISC Seismic Provisions - General Requirements
Applicable to All Steel Systems

4
 Missing
Collapse of RC Buildings
Tsunami

Landslides

Landslides

Other Causes Collapse of

Shaking Masonry Buildings
(partial or total building collapse)
Collapse of Timber
Buildings
Fire

Earthquake Fatalities: 1968 - 2008 Earthquake Fatalities: 1950 - 1990

1,442,342 Fatalities 583,000 Fatalities
(Marano et al., 2010) (Coburn et al., 1992)

Causes of Earthquake Fatalities

5
6
7
8
9
10
11
 1 - Introduction and Basic Principles

• Performance of Steel Buildings in Past Earthquakes

• Codes for Seismic Resistant Steel Buildings
• Building Code Philosophy and Approach
• Overview of AISC Seismic Provisions
• AISC Seismic Provisions - General Requirements
Applicable to All Steel Systems

12
US Seismic Code Provisions for Steel
Structural Engineers Association of California (SEAOC)
• Blue Book – 1988
 First comprehensive detailing provisions for steel

American Institute of Steel Construction (AISC) Seismic Provisions

• 1st ed. 1990
• 2nd ed. 1992
• 3rd ed. 1997
 Supplement No. 1: February 1999
 Supplement No. 2: November 2000
• 4th ed. 2002
• 5th ed. 2005
• 6th ed. 2010
• 7th ed. 2016

13
 1 - Introduction and Basic Principles

• Performance of Steel Buildings in Past Earthquakes

• Codes for Seismic Resistant Steel Buildings
• Building Code Philosophy and Approach
• Overview of AISC Seismic Provisions
• AISC Seismic Provisions - General Requirements
Applicable to All Steel Systems

14
Conventional Building Code Philosophy for
Earthquake-Resistant Design

Objective:
Prevent collapse in the extreme earthquake
likely to occur at a building site.

Objectives are not to:

 limit damage
 maintain function
 provide for easy repair

15
To Survive Strong Earthquake
without Collapse:

Design for Ductile Behavior

16
 H

Ductility = Inelastic Deformation

H

17
 H
H

Δyield Δfailure

Δfailure
Ductility Factor μ =
Δyield

18
 H H

Helastic

3/4 *Helastic

1/2 *Helastic
Strength

Req’d Ductility
1/4 *Helastic

MAX 19
Ductility in Steel Structures: Yielding

Nonductile Failure Modes: Fracture or Instability

Ductility = Yielding
H
Failure =
Fracture
or
Instability

20
Developing Ductile Behavior

• Choose frame elements (“fuses”) that will yield in an

earthquake (e.g. beams in moment resisting frames,
braces in concentrically braced frames, links in
eccentrically braced frames, etc.)

• Detail "fuses" to sustain large inelastic deformations

prior to the onset of fracture or instability (i.e. detail
fuses for ductility).

• Design all other frame elements to be stronger than the

fuses, (i.e. design all other frame elements to develop
the plastic capacity of the fuses).

21
(a) (b)

Examples of:
(a) More Ductile Behavior
(b) Less Ductile Behavior
22
Key Elements of Seismic-Resistant Design

Required Lateral Strength

ASCE-7:
Minimum Design Loads for
Buildings
and Other Structures

Detailing for Ductility

AISC:
Seismic Provisions for Structural
Steel Buildings

23
Design EQ Loads – Base Shear per ASCE 7-16

𝑽 =𝑪 𝒔 𝑾
 

  𝑺 𝑫𝑺 𝑺𝑫𝟏
𝑪 𝒔= ≤ for T ≤ TL
(𝑹 / 𝑰) 𝑻 (𝑹 /𝑰 )

24
R factors for Selected Steel Systems (ASCE 7):

SMF (Special Moment Resisting Frames): R=8

IMF(Intermediate Moment Resisting Frames): R = 4.5
OMF (Ordinary Moment Resisting Frames): R = 3.5
EBF (Eccentrically Braced Frames): R=8
SCBF (Special Concentrically Braced Frames): R=6
OCBF (Ordinary Concentrically Braced Frames): R = 3.25
BRBF (Buckling Restrained Braced Frame): R=8
SPSW (Special Plate Shear Walls): R=7

Undetailed Steel Systems in

Seismic Design Categories A, B or C R=3
(AISC Seismic Provisions not needed)

25
 1 - Introduction and Basic Principles

• Performance of Steel Buildings in Past Earthquakes

• Codes for Seismic Resistant Steel Buildings
• Building Code Philosophy and Approach
• Overview of AISC Seismic Provisions
• AISC Seismic Provisions - General Requirements
Applicable to All Steel Systems

26
2016 AISC Seismic Provisions

27
AISC Seismic Provisions for Structural
Steel Buildings
Symbols
Glossary
A. General Requirements
B. General Design Requirements
C. Analysis
D. General Member and Connection Design Requirements
E. Moment-Frame Systems
F. Braced-Frame and Shear-Wall Systems
G. Composite Moment-Frame Systems
H. Composite Braced-Frame and Shear-Wall Systems
I. Fabrication and Erection
J. Quality Control and Quality Assurance
K. Prequalification and Cyclic Qualification Testing Provisions
Commentary

28
 1 - Introduction and Basic Principles

• Performance of Steel Buildings in Past Earthquakes

• Codes for Seismic Resistant Steel Buildings
• Building Code Philosophy and Approach
• Overview of AISC Seismic Provisions
• AISC Seismic Provisions - General Requirements
Applicable to All Steel Systems

29
 2016 AISC Seismic Provisions

General Provisions Applicable to All Systems

Highlights of Glossary
and Sections A to D

30
AISC Seismic Provisions
Glossary – Selected Terms

Applicable Building Code

Building code under which the structure is designed

(the local building code that governs the design of
the structure)

Where there is no local building code – use ASCE 7

31
AISC Seismic Provisions
Glossary – Selected Terms

Seismic Force-Resisting System (SFRS)

Part of the structural system that has been

considered in the design to provide the required
resistance to the seismic forces prescribed in the
applicable building code

32
AISC Seismic Provisions
Glossary – Selected Terms

Occupancy (ASCE 7-16)

The purpose for which a building or other structure,

or part thereof, is used or intended to be used.

Risk Category (ASCE 7-16)

A categorization of buildings and other structures for

determination of flood, snow, ice, and earthquake
loads based on the risk associated with
unacceptable performance.

33
Risk Categories (ASCE 7-16, Table 1.5-1)
Seismic
Risk Importance
Description
Category Factor, Ie

Essential facilities
IV (Hospitals, fire and police stations, emergency shelters, etc) 1.5
Structures containing extremely hazardous materials

Structures that pose a substantial hazard to human life in the

event of failure
III (buildings with 300 people in one area, day care facilities with 1.25
capacity more than 150, schools with a capacity more than 250,
etc)

Buildings not in Occupancy Categories I, III, or IV

II 1.0
(most buildings)

Buildings that represent a low hazard to human life in the

I event of failure 1.0
(agricultural facilities, temporary facilities, minor storage facilities)

34
AISC Seismic Provisions
Glossary – Selected Terms

Seismic Design Category (SDC)

Classification assigned to a structure based on its

Risk Category and the severity of the design
earthquake ground motion at the site

SDCs: A
Increasing seismic risk
B
- and -
C
D Increasingly stringent
seismic design and
E detailing requirements
F
35
To Determine the Seismic Design Category (ASCE 7-16)
Determine Risk Category

Determine SS and S1
SSS = spectral response acceleration for MCE RR at short periods
S11 = spectral response acceleration for MCERR at 1-sec period
Sss and S11 are read from maps (or from USGS website)

Determine Site Class

Site Class depends on soils conditions - classified according to shear wave velocity,
standard penetration tests, or undrained shear strength

Determine SMS and SM1

Spectral response accelerations for MCERR adjusted for the Site Class;
SMS
MS
= Faa Sss SM1
M1
= Fvv S11
Faa and Fvv depend on Site Class and on Sss and S11

Determine SDS and SD1

Design spectral response accelerations
SDS
DS
= 2/3 x SMS
MS
SD1
D1
= 2/3 x SM1
M1 36
Map for SS 37
Map for S1 38
 Seismic Hazard Maps

Use interactive programs linked from USGS website below.

 Get seismic design values for buildings
 Input longitude and latitude at site, or zip code
 Output SS and S1

[Link]

39
To Determine the Seismic Design Category (ASCE 7-16)

Evaluate Seismic Design Category according to Tables 11.6-1 and 11.6-2

The Seismic Design Category is the most severe value based on both Tables.

Table 11.6-1
Seismic Design Category Based on Short Period Response Acceleration Parameter

Risk Category
Value of
SDS I or II or III IV

SDS< 0.167 A A
0.167 ≤ SDS < 0.33 B C
0.33 ≤ SDS < 0.50 C D
0.50 ≤ SDS D D

For sites with S1 ≥ 0.75g: Seismic Design Category = E for Risk Category I, II, or III
Seismic Design Category = F for Risk Category IV
40
 To Determine the Seismic Design Category (ASCE 7-16)

Table 11.6-2
Seismic Design Category Based on 1-Second Period Response Acceleration Parameter

Risk Category
Value of
SD1 I or II or III IV

SD1< 0.067g A A
0.067g ≤ SD1 < 0.133g B C
0.133g ≤ SD1 < 0.20g C D
0.20g ≤ SD1 D D

For sites with S1 ≥ 0.75g: Seismic Design Category = E for Risk Category I, II, or III
Seismic Design Category = F for Risk Category IV

41
 2016 AISC Seismic Provisions
Section A to D

A. General Requirements
B. General Design Requirements
C. Analysis
D. General Member and Connection Design
Requirements

42
AISC Seismic Provisions
Scope

A1. Scope

The Seismic Provisions apply to the seismic-

force resisting system (SFRS) and to splices and
bases of columns not part of the SFRS.
The Seismic Provisions are used in conjunction
with the AISC Specification for Structural Steel
Buildings

43
AISC Seismic Provisions
Scope

A1. Scope

Use of Seismic Provisions is mandatory as referenced when

defining a seismic response modification coefficient, R, per ASCE 7.
 Typically occurs for Seismic Design Category
D, E, and F where R > 3

For Seismic Design Categories B or C:

 Can design using R=3 and provide no special detailing
(just design per main AISC Specification)
Note: Composite systems are not covered by this exemption

The Seismic Provisions do not apply to Seismic Design Category A.

44
 2016 AISC Seismic Provisions
Chapter B. General Design Requirements

B1. General Seismic Design Requirements

B2. Loads and Load Combinations
B3. Design Basis
B4. System Type
B5. Diaphragms, Chords and Collectors

45
AISC Seismic Provisions
General Design Requirements

B1. General Seismic Design Requirements

Go to the Applicable Building Code for:

• Risk Category
• Seismic Design Category
• Limits on Height and Irregularity
• Design Story Drift and Limitations
AISC Seismic Provisions
General Design Requirements

B2. Loads and Load Combinations

Go to the Applicable Building Code for Loads

and Load Combinations.

The Seismic Provisions give member and

element load requirements that supplement those
in the applicable building code.

47
Basic LRFD Load Combinations (ASCE 7-16)

1) 1.4D

2) 1.2D + 1.6L + 0.5(Lr or S or R)

3) 1.2D + 1.6(Lr or S or R) + (L or 0.5W)

4) 1.2D + 1.0W + L + 0.5(Lr or S or R)

5) 0.9D + 1.0W
Load Combinations
6) 1.2D + Eh + Ev + L + 0.2S Including E

7) 0.9D + Eh - Ev
48
 E = Eh  Ev
E = ρ QE  0.2 SDS D

effect of horizontal forces effect of vertical forces

E = the effect of horizontal (Eh) and vertical (Ev)

earthquake-induced forces
QE = effect of horizontal earthquake-induced forces
SDS = design spectral acceleration at short periods
D = dead load effect
ρ = reliability factor
(depends on extent of redundancy in the seismic
lateral resisting system; ρ varies from 1.0 to 1.5)
49
Substitute E into basic load combinations:

For Load Combination: 1.2D + Eh + Ev + L + 0.2S

substitute: Eh + Ev = ρ QE + 0.2 SDS D

(1.2 + 0.2 SDS) D + 1.0 ρ QE + L + 0.2S

Note: The load factor on L is permitted to equal 0.5 for
occupancies in which Lo <= 100psf

For Load Combination: 0.9D + Eh - Ev

substitute: Eh - Ev = ρ QE - 0.2 SDS D

(0.9 - 0.2 SDS) D + 1.0 ρ QE

50
AISC Seismic Provisions
General Design Requirements

B2. Loads and Load Combinations

Where the required strength defined in the AISC

Seismic Provisions refers to the overstrength
seismic load:

The horizontal portion of the earthquake load,

Emh, shall be determined using the overstrength
factor o prescribed by the load combinations in
applicable building code.

51
Seismic Load Effects Including
Overstrength (ASCE 7)

For Load Combination: 1.2D + Eh + Ev + L + 0.2S

Seismic Load Effects Eh + Ev = Ωo QE + 0.2 SDS D

Including Overstrength:

For Load Combination: 0.9D + Eh - Ev

Seismic Load Effects Eh - Ev = Ωo QE - 0.2 SDS D

Including Overstrength:
Basic load combinations incorporating
seismic load effects including overstrength:

For Load Combination: 1.2D + Eh + Ev + L + 0.2S

substitute: Eh + Ev = Ωo QE + 0.2 SDS D

(1.2 + 0.2 SDS) D + Ωo QE + L +0.2S

For Load Combination: 0.9D + Eh - Ev

substitute: Eh - Ev = Ωo QE - 0.2 SDS D

(0.9 - 0.2 SDS) D + Ωo QE

Seismic Overstrength Factor: Ωo
Per ASCE 7-16, Table 12.2-1:

System Ωo

Moment Frames (SMF, IMF, OMF) 3

Concentrically Braced Frames (SCBF, OCBF) 2

Eccentrically Braced Frames (EBF) 2

Special Plate Shear Walls (SPSW) 2

Buckling Restrained Braced Frames (BRBF) 2.5

54
Seismic Load Effect Including Overstrength
Lateral Seismic Force

Ωo Qe

Qe

Frame Lateral Deflection

The seismic load effect including overstrength, ΩoQe, is intended

to provide an estimate of a frame's plastic lateral strength.

55
 2016 AISC Seismic Provisions
Chapter A. General Requirements

A3. Materials
A3.1 Material Specifications
A3.2 Expected Material Strength
A3.3 Heavy Sections
A3.4 Consumables for Welding
A3.5 Concrete and Steel Reinforcement

56
AISC Seismic Provisions
General Requirements

A3.1 Material Specifications

For members in which inelastic behavior is expected:

Specified minimum Fy ≤ 50 ksi

Exceptions:
Members in OMFs, OCBFs, C-OMFs, C-OBFs, and
C-OSWs (permitted to use up to Fy = 55 ksi)

57
AISC Seismic Provisions
General Requirements

A3.2 Expected Material Strength

Expected Yield Strength = Ry Fy

Expected Tensile Strength = Rt Fu

Fy = minimum specified yield strength

Fu = minimum specified tensile strength

Ry and Rt are based on statistical analysis of mill data.

58
 Table A3.1
Ry and Rt Values for Steel and Steel Reinforcement Materials

Application Ry Rt
Hot-Rolled Shapes and Bars
ASTM A36 1.5 1.2
ASTM A992; A572 Gr 50 or Gr 55;
1.1 1.1
ASTM A913 Gr 50, 60, 65 or 70; ASTM A588;
ASTM A1043 Gr 36 1.3 1.1
ASTM A1043 Gr 50 1.2 1.1
ASTM A529 Gr 50 1.2 1.2
ASTM A529 Gr 55 1.1 1.2
Hollow Structural Sections (HSS)
ASTM A500 Gr B; ASTM A501 1.4 1.3
ASTM A500 Gr C 1.3 1.2
ASTM A53 1.6 1.2
Plates
ASTM A36 1.3 1.2
ASTM A572 Gr50; ASTM A588 1.1 1.2

59
Example: A36 angles used for brace in an SCBF

Fy = 36 ksi
Fu = 58 ksi
Ry Fy = 1.5  36 ksi = 54 ksi
Rt Fu = 1.2  58 ksi = 70 ksi

Example: A992 wide flange used for beam in an SMF

Fy = 50 ksi
Fu = 65 ksi
Ry Fy = 1.1  50 ksi = 55 ksi
Rt Fu = 1.1  65 ksi = 72 ksi

60
AISC Seismic Provisions
General Requirements

A3.2 Expected Material Strength

Where specified in the Seismic Provisions, the

required strength of a member or connection shall
be based on the Expected Yield Strength, Ry Fy of
an adjoining member.

The Expected Tensile Strength, Rt Fu and the

Expected Yield Strength, Ry Fy may be used to
compute the nominal strength for rupture and
yielding limit states within the same member.

61
Example: SCBF Brace and Brace Connection

To size brace member:

Required Strength defined by code

specified forces (using ASCE-7 load
combinations)

Design Strength of member computed

using minimum specified Fy

62
Example: SCBF Brace and Brace Connection

R y Fy A g

Required Axial Tension Strength of brace

connection is the expected yield strength
of bracing member = Ry Fy Ag

63
Example: SCBF Brace and Brace Connection

R y Fy A g

Gusset Plate:
Compute design strength using min
specified Fy and Fu of gusset plate
material

64
Example: SCBF Brace and Brace Connection

R y Fy A g

Bolts:
Compute design shear strength using
min specified Fu of bolt

65
Example: SCBF Brace and Brace Connection

R y Fy A g

Net Section Fracture and Block Shear

Fracture of Bracing Member:
Compute design strength using expected
yield strength, RyFy and expected tensile
strength, Rt Fu of the brace material.

66
 2016 AISC Seismic Provisions
Chapter D. General Member and Connection Design Requirements

D2. Connections
D2.1 General
D2.2 Bolted Joints
D2.3 Welded Joints
D2.4 Continuity Plates and Stiffeners
D2.5 Column Splices
D2.6 Column Bases
D2.7 Composite Connections
D2.8 Steel Anchors

67
AISC Seismic Provisions
General Member and Connection Design Requirements

D2.1 Connections - General

Connections, joints and fasteners that are part of the

seismic force-resisting system (SFRS) shall
comply with the AISC Specification Chapter J, and
with the additional requirements in this section.

68
AISC Seismic Provisions
General Member and Connection Design Requirements

D2.2 Connections – Bolted Joints

• All bolts must be high strength (A325 or A490)

• Bolted joints may be designed as bearing type

connections, but must be constructed as slip critical
– bolts must be pretensioned
– faying surfaces must satisfy Class A surface
requirements

• Holes: standard size or short-slots perpendicular to load

(exception: oversize holes are permitted for diagonal brace
connections, but the connection must be designed as slip-
critical and the oversize hole is permitted in one ply only)

69
AISC Seismic Provisions
General Member and Connection Design Requirements

D2.2 Connections – Bolted Joints (continued)

• Nominal bolt bearing and tearout equations where

deformation at the bolt hole at service load is a design
consideration shall be used.
– Exception: where the required strength of a connection
is based upon the expected strength of a member or
element

• Bolts and welds shall not be designed to share force in a

joint, or the same force component in a connection.

70
Bolts and welds sharing same force:
Not Permitted

71
Fig. C-D2.1. Desirable details that avoid shared forces between welds and bolts.
72
AISC Seismic Provisions
Fabrication and Erection

I2.3 Welded Joints

Welding shall be performed in accordance with a

welding procedure specification (WPS) as required in
AWS D1.1 and approved by the engineer of record.
All welding should be in accordance with AWS D1.8,
which provides additional requirements for welding in
the SFRS.
AISC Seismic Provisions
Materials

A3.4a Seismic Force-Resisting System Welds

All welds in the SFRS shall have a minimum

Charpy V-Notch (CVN) toughness of:

20 ft-lbs at 0°F for 70 ksi and 80 ksi weld metal

25 ft-lbs at -20°F for 90 ksi weld metal

CVN rating of filler metal may be determined using

AWS classification test methods.
AISC Seismic Provisions
Materials

A3.4b Demand Critical Welds

Welds designated as Demand Critical shall have a

minimum Charpy V-Notch (CVN) toughness of:

40 ft-lbs at 70°F for 70 ksi and 80 ksi weld metal

40 ft-lbs at 50°F for 90 ksi weld metal
AISC Seismic Provisions
General Member and Connection Design Requirements

D1. Member Requirements

D1.3 Protected Zones

Discontinuities specified in Section I2.1 resulting
from fabrication and erection procedures and from
other attachments are prohibited in the area of a
member or a connection element designated as a
protected zone.

76
AISC Seismic Provisions
Protected Zone

I2.1 Protected Zone

Portions of the SFRS designated as a Protected
Zone, shall comply with the following:
• No welded shear studs are permitted.
• No decking attachments that penetrate the beam flange are
permitted (except power-actuated fasteners up to 0.18in.
Diameter), but decking arc spot welds are permitted.
• No welded, bolted, or screwed attachments or power-
actuated fasteners for perimeter edge angles, exterior
facades, partitions, duct work, piping, etc. are permitted.
• Discontinuities from fabrication or erection operations (such
as tack welds, erection aids, etc.) shall be repaired.

77
Examples of Protected Zones
Special Moment Frame (SMF)

Protected Zones

78
Examples of Protected Zones
Special Concentrically Braced Frame (SCBF)

Protected Zones

79
Examples of Protected Zones
Eccentrically Braced Frame (EBF)

Protected Zones

80
 2016 AISC Seismic Provisions
Chapter D. General Member and Connection Design Requirements

D1. Member Requirements

D1.1 Classification of Sections for Ductility
D1.2 Stability Bracing of Beams
D1.3 Protected Zones
D1.4 Columns
D1.5 Composite Slab Diaphragms
D1.6 Built-Up Structural Steel Members

81
AISC Seismic Provisions
General Member and Connection Design Requirements

D1. Member Requirements

D1.1 Classification of Sections for Ductility
Local buckling of members can significantly affect both
strength and ductility of the member.

Members of the SFRS that are expected to experience

significant inelastic action (e.g. beams in SMF, braces
in SCBF, links in EBF, etc), must satisfy strict width-
thickness limits to assure adequate ductility can be
developed prior to local buckling.

Such members must be either moderately ductile

members or highly ductile members (depends on
the system requirements)
82
Local buckling of a moment frame beam.....

83
Local buckling of an EBF link.....

84
Local buckling of an HSS column....

85
Local buckling of an HSS brace.....

86
Effect of Local Buckling on Flexural Strength and Ductility


M

Mp

Increasing b / t

q
87
Effect of Local Buckling on Flexural Strength and Ductility

Plastic Buckling
Moment Capacity

Mp Inelastic Buckling

0.7My Elastic Buckling

ps p r Width-Thickness Ratio

Ductility

88
AISC Seismic Provisions
General Member and Connection Design Requirements

D1. Member Requirements

D1.1b Width-to-Thickness Limitations of Steel and

Composite Sections

For moderately ductile members, the width-to-

thickness ratios of compression elements shall not
exceed λmd from Table D1.1.

For highly ductile members, the width-to-thickness

ratios of compression elements shall not exceed λhd
from Table D1.1.

89
AISC Seismic Provisions

90
AISC Seismic Provisions

91
AISC Seismic Provisions
General Member and Connection Design Requirements

D1. Member Requirements

D1.4a Column Strength
The required strength of columns in the SFRS shall be
determined from the greater of:
a) The load effect resulting from the analysis requirements
for the applicable system per Chapters E, F, G, and H.
b) The compressive axial strength and tensile strength as
determined using the overstrength seismic load. It is
permitted to neglect applied moments in this
determination unless the moment results from a load
applied to the column between points of lateral support.

(1.2 + 0.2 SDS) D + Ωo QE + L +0.2S

(0.9 - 0.2 SDS) D + Ωo QE
92
AISC Seismic Provisions
General Member and Connection Design Requirements

D2.5 Column Splices

93
AISC Seismic Provisions
General Member and Connection Design Requirements

D2.5b Column Splices – Required Strength

Column splices in the SFRS must

satisfy requirements of Section D2.5b

Additional requirements for columns splices are

specified for:
• Moment Frame Systems (Chapter E)
• Braced-Frame and Shear-Wall Systems
(Chapter F)
• Composite Moment Frame Systems
(Chapter G)
• Composite Braced-Frame and Shear-Wall
Systems (Chapter H)

94
AISC Seismic Provisions
General Member and Connection Design Requirements

D2.5b Column Splices – Required Strength

Pu - splice
The required strength of
column splices shall be
determined using the load
combinations of the applicable
building code including the Mu - splice
overstrength seismic load.
Vu - splice

95
AISC Seismic Provisions
General Member and Connection Design Requirements

D2.5b Column Splices – Required Strength

Welded column splices subjected to net

tension when subjected to overstrength
seismic loads, shall satisfy both of the
following requirements:
1. If partial joint penetration (PJP) groove
welded joints are used, the design
strength of the PJP welds shall be at
least 200-percent of the required
strength.
And....
2. The design strength of each flange
splice shall be at least 0.5 Ry Fy bf tf /αs
for the smaller flange

96
AISC Seismic Provisions
General Member and Connection Design Requirements

D2.5b Column Splices – Required Strength

PJP Groove Weld

Stress concentration:
Fracture initiation point.

Design PJP groove

weld for 200 % of
required strength

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AISC Seismic Provisions
General Member and Connection Design Requirements

D2.5b(c) Column Splices – Required Strength

Where Complete Joint Penetration (CJP)

groove welds are used and when tension
stress at any location in the smaller flange
exceeds 0.3Fy/αs, tapered transitions are
required between flanges of unequal
thickness or width.

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AISC Seismic Provisions
General Member and Connection Design Requirements

D2.5c Column Splices – Required Shear Strength

For all building columns, including

those not design as part of the
SFRS, the required shear strength of
column splices with respect to both
orthogonal axes of the columns shall
be Mpc/H (LRFD), where Mpc is the
lesser plastic flexural strength of the
column sections for the direction in
question, and H is the height of the
story.

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AISC Seismic Provisions
General Member and Connection Design Requirements

D2.5d Structural Steel Splice Configurations

Column web splices shall be bolted

or welded, or welded to one column
and bolted to the other.

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AISC Seismic Provisions
General Member and Connection Design Requirements

D2.5a Location of Splices

Splices shall be located at

least 4-ft. from beam-to-
column connections

4 ft. min

101
102
 2016 AISC Seismic Provisions
Section A to D

A. General Requirements
B. General Design Requirements
C. Analysis
D. General Member and Connection Design
Requirements

103