ENGINEERING COLLEGE , AJMER

(An Autonomous Institute Of Government Of Rajasthan)

INDUSTRIAL TRAINING (SUMMER TRAINING)

NAME : VIRAL JAIN

COLLEGE ID : 19IT63

BRANCH : INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

 WEB DEVELOPMENT
REPORT

Prepared By : Submitted To:

VIRAL JAIN (19EEAIT062) Dr. Jyoti Gajrani mam
 PREFACE

This training report reflects the 6-week summer training

program from 15st of June to 20th of July at Internshala
Training.
The report has details of the practical experience and the
academic knowledge that I have gained from this training during
these 6-weeks as a student. It also includes details of the
project that I have completed.
I have tried my best to elucidate all the relevant details to be
included in the report. While in the beginning I have tried to
give a general view about this language.
 Acknowledgement

It is our proud privilege and duty to acknowledge the kind of help and guidance received from several
people in preparation of this report. It would not have been possible to prepare this report in this form
without their valuable help, cooperation and guidance.
First and foremost, we wish to record our sincere gratitude to Prof., Dr Jyoti Gajrani for her constant
support and encouragement in preparation of this report.
Last but not the least, we wish to thank our parents for financing our studies both in this training as well
as college. Also, for constantly encouraging us to learn engineering. Their personal sacrifice in providing
this opportunity to learn engineering is gratefully acknowledgement.
HTML & CSS :

● HTML is the standard mark-up language for creating Web pages.

● HTML stands for Hyper Text Mark-up Language.

● HTML describes the structure of Web pages using mark-up.

● HTML elements are the building blocks of HTML pages.

● HTML elements are represented by tags .

● HTML tags label pieces of content such as "heading", "paragraph", "table", and so on
 What is CSS?
● CSS stands for Cascading Style Sheets
● CSS describes how HTML elements are to be displayed on screen, paper, or in other media
● CSS saves a lot of work. It can control the layout of multiple web pages all at once
● External stylesheets are stored in CSS files
CSS Border Style
The border-style property specifies what kind of border to display.

The following values are allowed:

● dotted - Defines a dotted border

● dashed - Defines a dashed border
● solid - Defines a solid border
● double - Defines a double border
● groove - Defines a 3D grooved border. The effect depends on the border-color value
● ridge - Defines a 3D ridged border. The effect depends on the border-color value
● inset - Defines a 3D inset border. The effect depends on the border-color value
● outset - Defines a 3D outset border. The effect depends on the border-color value
● none - Defines no border
● hidden - Defines a hidden border
CSS Margins
The CSS margin properties are used to create space around elements, outside of any defined borders.

With CSS, you have full control over the margins. There are properties for setting the margin for each side of an
element (top, right, bottom, and left).

Margin - Individual Sides

CSS has properties for specifying the margin for each side of an element:

● margin-top
● margin-right
● margin-bottom
● margin-left
CSS Padding
The CSS padding properties are used to generate space around an element's content, inside of any defined borders.

With CSS, you have full control over the padding. There are properties for setting the padding for each side of an
element (top, right, bottom, and left).

Padding - Individual Sides

CSS has properties for specifying the padding for each side of an element:

● padding-top
● padding-right
● padding-bottom
● padding-left
HTML Images Syntax
The HTML <img> tag is used to embed an image in a web page.

Images are not technically inserted into a web page; images are linked to web pages. The <img> tag creates a
holding space for the referenced image.

The <img> tag is empty, it contains attributes only, and does not have a closing tag.

The <img> tag has two required attributes:

● src - Specifies the path to the image

● alt - Specifies an alternate text for the image
Define an HTML Table
The <table> tag defines an HTML table.

Each table row is defined with a <tr> tag. Each table header is defined with a <th> tag. Each table
data/cell is defined with a <td> tag.

By default, the text in <th> elements are bold and centered.

By default, the text in <td> elements are regular and left-aligned.

The HTML Style Attribute
Setting the style of an HTML element, can be done with the style attribute.

The HTML style attribute has the following syntax:

<tagname style="property:value;">
What is Bootstrap?
Bootstrap is the most popular CSS Framework for developing responsive
and mobile-first websites.

Bootstrap 4 is the newest version of Bootstrap

Bootstrap Containers
The container class is one of the most important Bootstrap classes.

It provides margins, padding, alignments, and more, to HTML [Link]

<div class="container">

<h1>This is a paragraph</h1>

<p>This is a paragraph</p>

<p>This is a paragraph</p>

<p>This is a paragraph</p>

<p>This is a paragraph</p>

</div>
Bootstrap Columns
Three equal-width columns, on all devices and screen widths:

Example

<div class="row">

<div class="col">.col</div>

<div class="col">.col</div>

<div class="col">.col</div>

</div>
Responsive Columns
Three equal-width columns scaling to stack on top of each other on small screens:

Example

<div class="row">

<div class="col-sm-4">.col-sm-4</div>

<div class="col-sm-4">.col-sm-4</div>

<div class="col-sm-4">.col-sm-4</div>

</div>
Bootstrap Tables
A boredered zebra-striped table:

Firstname Lastname Email

John Doe john@[Link]

Mary Moe mary@[Link]

July Dooley july@[Link]

What is SQL?
● SQL stands for Structured Query Language
● SQL lets you access and manipulate databases
● SQL became a standard of the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) in
1986, and of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in 1987
What Can SQL do?
● SQL can execute queries against a database
● SQL can retrieve data from a database
● SQL can insert records in a database
● SQL can update records in a database
● SQL can delete records from a database
● SQL can create new databases
● SQL can create new tables in a database
● SQL can create stored procedures in a database
● SQL can create views in a database
● SQL can set permissions on tables, procedures, and views
SQL Statements
Most of the actions you need to perform on a database are done with SQL statements.

The following SQL statement selects all the records in the "Customers" table:

Example

SELECT * FROM Customers;

Some of The Most Important SQL Commands
● SELECT - extracts data from a database
● UPDATE - updates data in a database
● DELETE - deletes data from a database
● INSERT INTO - inserts new data into a database
● CREATE DATABASE - creates a new database
● ALTER DATABASE - modifies a database
● CREATE TABLE - creates a new table
● ALTER TABLE - modifies a table
● DROP TABLE - deletes a table
● CREATE INDEX - creates an index (search key)
● DROP INDEX - deletes an index
The SQL SELECT Statement
The SELECT statement is used to select data from a database.

The data returned is stored in a result table, called the result-set.

SELECT Syntax
SELECT column1, column2, ...

FROM table_name;

Here, column1, column2, ... are the field names of the table you want to select data from. If you want
to select all the fields available in the table, use the following syntax:

SELECT * FROM table_name;

SELECT * Example
The following SQL statement selects all the columns from the "Customers" table:

Example

SELECT * FROM Customers;

The SQL SELECT DISTINCT Statement
The SELECT DISTINCT statement is used to return only distinct (different) values.

Inside a table, a column often contains many duplicate values; and sometimes you only want to list
the different (distinct) values.

SELECT DISTINCT Syntax

SELECT DISTINCT column1, column2, ...

FROM table_name;
The SQL WHERE Clause
The WHERE clause is used to filter records.
It is used to extract only those records that fulfill a specified condition.
WHERE Syntax
SELECT column1, column2, ...
FROM table_name
WHERE condition;

Note: The WHERE clause is not only used in SELECT statements, it is also
used in UPDATE, DELETE, etc.!
The SQL INSERT INTO Statement
The INSERT INTO statement is used to insert new records in a table.
INSERT INTO Syntax
It is possible to write the INSERT INTO statement in two ways:
1. Specify both the column names and the values to be inserted:
INSERT INTO table_name (column1, column2, column3, ...)
VALUES (value1, value2, value3, ...);
2. If you are adding values for all the columns of the table, you do not need to specify the column
names in the SQL query. However, make sure the order of the values is in the same order as the
columns in the table. Here, the INSERT INTO syntax would be as follows:
INSERT INTO table_name
VALUES (value1, value2, value3, ...);
Different Types of SQL JOINs
Here are the different types of the JOINs in SQL:

● (INNER) JOIN: Returns records that have matching values in both tables
● LEFT (OUTER) JOIN: Returns all records from the left table, and the matched records from the right
table
● RIGHT (OUTER) JOIN: Returns all records from the right table, and the matched records from the left
table
● FULL (OUTER) JOIN: Returns all records when there is a match in either left or right table
What is PHP?
●PHP is an acronym for "PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor"
●PHP is a widely-used, open source scripting language
●PHP scripts are executed on the server
●PHP is free to download and use
PHP is an amazing and popular language!
It is powerful enough to be at the core of the biggest blogging system
on the web (WordPress)!
It is deep enough to run the largest social network (Facebook)!
It is also easy enough to be a beginner's first server side language!
What is a PHP File?
● PHP files can contain text, HTML, CSS, JavaScript, and PHP code
● PHP code is executed on the server, and the result is returned to the browser as
plain HTML
● PHP files have extension ".php"
What Can PHP Do?
● PHP can generate dynamic page content
● PHP can create, open, read, write, delete, and close files on the server
● PHP can collect form data
● PHP can send and receive cookies
● PHP can add, delete, modify data in your database
● PHP can be used to control user-access
● PHP can encrypt data
Basic PHP Syntax

A PHP script can be placed anywhere in the document.

A PHP script starts with <?php and ends with ?>:
<?php
// PHP code goes here
?>
The default file extension for PHP files is ".php".
A PHP file normally contains HTML tags, and some PHP scripting
code.
PHP Case Sensitivity

In PHP, keywords (e.g. if, else, while, echo, etc.), classes, functions, and user-defined functions are not
case-sensitive.

In the example below, all three echo statements below are equal and legal:

Example

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html>

<body>

<?php

ECHO "Hello World!<br>";echo "Hello World!<br>";EcHo "Hello World!<br>";?></body>

</html>
Creating (Declaring) PHP Variables
In PHP, a variable starts with the $ sign, followed by the name of the variable:

Example

<?php

$txt = "Hello world!";

$x = 5;

$y = 10.5;

?>
PHP Variables
A variable can have a short name (like x and y) or a more descriptive name (age, carname,
total_volume).

Rules for PHP variables:

● A variable starts with the $ sign, followed by the name of the variable
● A variable name must start with a letter or the underscore character
● A variable name cannot start with a number
● A variable name can only contain alpha-numeric characters and underscores (A-z, 0-9,
and _ )
● Variable names are case-sensitive ($age and $AGE are two different variables)
PHP String
A string is a sequence of characters, like "Hello world!".
A string can be any text inside quotes. You can use single or double
quotes:
Example
<?php
$x = "Hello world!";
$y = 'Hello world!';

echo $x;
echo "<br>";
echo $y;?>
What is an Array?
An array is a special variable, which can hold more than one value at a time.

If you have a list of items (a list of car names, for example), storing the cars in single variables could look like
this:

$cars1 = "Volvo";
$cars2 = "BMW";
$cars3 = "Toyota";

However, what if you want to loop through the cars and find a specific one? And what if you had not 3 cars,
but 300?

The solution is to create an array!

An array can hold many values under a single name, and you can access the values by referring to an index
number.
Create an Array in PHP
In PHP, the array() function is used to create an array:

array();

In PHP, there are three types of arrays:

● Indexed arrays - Arrays with a numeric index

● Associative arrays - Arrays with named keys
● Multidimensional arrays - Arrays containing one or more arrays
Example
<?php
$cars = array("Volvo", "BMW", "Toyota");
echo "I like " . $cars[0] . ", " . $cars[1] . " and " . $cars[2] . ".";
?>
Create a User Defined Function in PHP
A user-defined function declaration starts with the word function:

Syntax
function functionName() {
code to be executed;
}
Example
<?php
function writeMsg() {
echo "Hello world!";
}

writeMsg(); // call the function

?>
PHP Function Arguments

Information can be passed to functions through arguments. An argument is just like a

[Link] are specified after the function name, inside the parentheses. You can add
as many arguments as you want, just separate them with a [Link] following example has
a function with one argument ($fname). When the familyName() function is called, we also pass
along a name (e.g. Jani), and the name is used inside the function, which outputs several
different first names, but an equal last name:

Example

<?php

function familyName($fname) { echo "$fname Refsnes.<br>";

}familyName("Jani");familyName("Hege");familyName("Stale");familyName("Kai Jim");

familyName("Borge");
 YOU
ANK
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