ROLE OF ARCHITECT IN HOSPITAL PLANNING

SITE SURVEY OF THE HOSPITAL

ROLE OF HOSPITAL ADMINISTRATOR

Submitted to:- Presented by:-

Dr. A.K. Jain Abhilasha Gupta
Anshi Chawla
Anubhuti Verma
ROLE OF ARCHITECT IN PLANNING
A HOSPITAL
Slides 7-11 ,16, 19-24, 27-32, 45-47from G.D.Kunders.
(Hospital Planning designing & Management)
Slides 4 & 12-15 from www.hospitalinfonet.com
Slide 5 & 6 from www.expresshealthcare.com
Slide 11 from www.asianhhm.com
Slide 25 from www.indmedica.com (journal of the
academy & Hospital Administration.
Slide 26 from www.distributionenergy.com/ medical
power practices)
Slide 35 to 44 from www.expresshealthcare.com
Who is an architect?
An Architect is trained and licensed in planning
and designing buildings and participates in
supervising the construction of a building.
Need of an Architect
Good planning.
Effective design and construction.
Efficient management.
Role of Architect
Architect should take an active role in designing the
kind of facility the hospital would be. They can do it
by-
Working with hospital leadership to understand the
patient base of the future.
Seeking to design & build less expensive facilities.
Designing facilities that are efficient to use & access &
that cost less to operate.
Designing facilities that make life easier for caregivers
& healthier for patients.
ROLE OF ARCHITECT
He should design the hospital keeping in mind the
environment.
He must address the circulation and adequate transition
spaces.
He should make an effort to bring the nature into patient’s
surroundings.
He must focus on acoustics, safety, privacy, hygiene etc.
He should also give importance to the colour of the
building.
Role during Planning stage
Study the most economical & practical systems for
the foundation, structural framing plumbing,
electrical wiring, ventilation etc.
Study the materials to be used in terms of function &
maintenance.
Preparation of small scale schematic drawings.
Making an estimate of the cost of project & funds
needed for it.
Developing production documents which include:
Working drawings.
Specifications.
Tender documents.
Specifications

They are written instructions describing in detail

the construction work to be undertaken.
The architect should select the materials &
equipment before specifying in it by using practices
such as product description, product approval &
product equal.
Tender Documents
They are indexed & bound in the form of book.
They include following sections:
Notice inviting tenders.
Special instructions to tender firms/contractors.
Articles of agreements.
Tender form.
General & special conditions of contract.
Technical specifications.
Bill of quantities.
Appendix.
Strategic Options
Design for flexibility & expandability.
Anticipate change in demand functions.
Focus on energy conservation.
Go for Green hospitals.
Duties & Responsibilities of an Architect
Translate the clinical & administrative needs into
architectural & engineering realities.
Site selection, orientation, adapting building
design according to construction contracts.
 Completion of plans and specifications.
Support engineers and designers of all disciplines.
Inspect current on going project.
Comply with rules and regulations.
Problems faced by an Architect
Site specific.
Influence of natural, social & locational conditions.
Anticipation of future requirements.
Technological complexity.
Uneven market demand.
Hiring an Architect
Selected through an interview.
Experience.
Conclusion
State of the art and human sentiment can be
juxtaposed, adopted, adapted & implemented to
create a perfect architecture.
Site survey of the hospital
Selection of site:-
General consideration
Land requirement
Accessibility of transport and communication lines
Parking facility
Public utilities
Freedom from noise, smoke & vapours
Future expansion
Total cost
General consideration:-
The 1st task of the hospital planning team will be
selecting site for the hospital.
Site is a very important factor , will depend the
hospital fate and utility in future.
Planning for expansion at future should always be
kept in mind.
The selection of site should not be made without
architect participation.
Land requirements:-
Determining the requirement of land depends upon
many factors ;-
Area of land ( rural, semi urban or urban)
Vertical & horizontal growth of hospital
Floor area ratio (FAR)
 Site coverage percentage =

Total ground floor area of all buildings x 100

------------------------------------------------------------------
Total area of site available
Accessibility of transport & communication
lines :-
Site must be close to good road & public transport.
Hospital are designed to handle emergencies, acute
care that should reach the hospital speedily.
This is important for transporting patient, visitors as
well as supplies.
Parking facility:-
There should be adequate parking space for all
people. Patient, visitors, personnel etc.
Parking is always a problem for hospitals even where
public transport is fairly good.
Cars are usually the major mode of transport for
those coming to hospital, including doctors,
personnel.
Public utilities:-
The hospital requires water, sewage disposal,
electricity, fuel & telephone lines.
WATER:-
hospital’s requirement of water i.e. between 300 to 400
liters per bed pre day .
SEWAGE DISPOSAL :-
Liquid, semi-solid, solid effluent in the hospital
originate from all service areas.
Solid waste- 1 kg per bed per day
Liquid effluent- 300-400 liters/bed/day
Area Consumption litres/day Effluent litres/day

Laundry 23000 20000

Boiler 9000 5000

A.C. Plant 12500 10000

Public toilet 12500 11000
Canteen 12500 11000
Dialysis 4500 4000
Operation theatre 9000 8000
Labour room 4500 3000

Burn unit 4500 3000

Pathology 12500 11000

CSSD 4500 3000
Total 500000 339000
POWER:-

Requirement of electric power is approx. 1KW /bed/day.

A stand by generator is also a necessity in the hospital.
Because many life support system cannot afford to
remain without power even for a short time.
Generally 2 or 3, (1200 KW) generator used by the
hospitals.
(www. Distributionenergy.com/medical power
practices)
Freedom from noise, smoke &
vapours:-

The site should be free from undue noise &

atmospheric pollution coming from sources such as
main roads, airports, railroads, school, playground.
There should be plenty of natural light in all parts of
building.
Future expansion :-
Future expansion should be kept in mind when a new
building is planned.
Every hospital face expansion problems in 10- 15
years, some of them sooner.
Total cost:-
Total cost of hospital include cost of land & cost of
construction.
SITE SURVEY :-
After the land is selected, a survey must be made to obtain
all information of;
 soil investigation
Mechanical service connections
Development of site
A map or plan of the piece of land should be prepared , the
map should indicate
Location of building
Structure
easement
Details of boundary walls
Foundation
Complete information as to sanitation, disposal of
sewage. Storm water, subsoil drainage etc.
Detailed information relating to establish kerb, street,
alley etc.
The architect must arrange for adequate investigations
to determine the subsoil conditions. Such as
Soil bearing capacity
Thickness
Consistency
Amount and elevation of ground water.
High & low level water level
Whether the soil contain alkali in sufficient quantities
to affect concrete foundation.
Finally the architect will proceed with preparing a site
plan, which involves,
Traffic
Entry
Exit
Parking
Utilities
Shape, size
Existing & proposed building
Role Of Hospital Administrator
in Planning
A hospital is a big place where a
lot of work has to be done:
Helping people get along with each other,
Making sure the rules and regulations are doing their
job,
Keeping a sharp eye on the expenses,
And plainly getting things done smoothly and
without a hitch.
Job of Hospital Administrator
 The administrator is entrusted with the
responsibilities of running every operation, business
process and activity related to the hospital efficiently
and productively. 
When a Hospital Administrator should be
appointed?
Either shortly after the formation of the permanent
organization

Or before the working drawings are completed

Functions of Hospital Administrator
Assessment of the needs
Compliance with the external policies
Establishment of the policies and procedures
Budgetary decisions
Human Resources
Fundraising
Assesments
Hospital administrators assess the needs of the
institution that they work for, analyzing what
services, equipment, facilities and employees they
need to keep daily operations running smoothly while
meeting patients' needs
Compliance
Hospital administrators see what all federal and state
regulations are present n how they should be
implemented n followed, when and how they should
keep inspections n audits
Policies
Hospital administrators institute policies that govern
patient care and employee procedures. After they
establish these policies, they review them on a regular
basis to update or modify as needed.
Budgetary decisions
Hospital administrators work with the finance
department and institution board to devise annual
operating budgets for which they meet with
department heads in all areas of the institution to
ensure each department operates within budgetary
guidelines.
Human resource
Administrators may serve in some human resources
functions, such as hiring high-level executives and
physicians, reviewing staff performance, and handling
employee discipline.
Fundraising
Administrators may oversee fundraising initiatives
and network with and entertain corporate donors.
Hospital Administrator is the one who is in
direct contact with
  Patients
  Employees
  Suppliers
  Chemists
 Doctors
Qualities he must possess
He should have organizing ability
He should have leadership skills
He should have a sense of responsibility of his
position
He should possess good communication skills
He must have the ability to maintain co-ordination
among the staff
He should possess business abilities
He must be amply endowed with tact, diplomacy and
infinite patience
He must be Just and honorable, giving credit where
credit is due.
He must be a good educator
He should be easily available and approachable to the
hospital staff
He must be a shrewd judge of human nature
He should always be in professional attire while on
his job
 “The future for better trained professional
administrators is very bright”

Thank you