Complete Blood Count
Zainab Ali zali77805
@gmail.com
Allied Health Sciences Dept
Blood
Blood is defined as specialized connective tissue, consisting
of liquid intercellular substances plasma and formed
elements RBC,WBC and platelets
Composition of
blood Blood
Plasma(55%) Formed Elements(45%)
1. Plasma: plasma is a clear, straw-colored, watery fluid
in which several different types of blood cell are suspended..
2. Formed Elements: RBC,WBC and platelets
Leukocytes are further classified into two subcategories called
granulocytes which consist of neutrophils, eosinophils and
basophils; and agranulocytes which consist of lymphocytes
and monocytes.
Composition of
Blood
Complete Blood Count
(CBC)
A complete blood cell count is a measurement of size,
number, and maturity of the different blood cells in a
specific volume of blood.
A complete blood cell count can be used to determine
many abnormalities with either the production or
destruction of blood cells.
Variations from the normal number, size, or maturity of the
blood cells can be used to indicate an infection or disease
process.
Complete Blood Count
(CBC)
Why Get Tested?
To determine general health status
To screen for diagnose or monitor any one of a variety
of diseases and conditions that affect blood cells such
as anemia, infection, inflammation,
bleeding disorder or cancer.
EXAMPLE
with an infection, the number of white blood cells
will be elevated.
Many forms of cancer can affect the bone marrow production of
blood cells. An increase in the immature white blood cells in a
complete blood cell count can be associated with leukemia.
Anemia and sickle cell disease will have abnormally low hemoglobin.
When To Get
Tested?
As part of a routine medical exam; when signs and
symptoms that may be related to a condition that affects
blood cells
At regular intervals to monitor treatment or disease status
When receiving any treatment known to affect blood cells
Test Preparation
Needed
By Patients : None
By medical lab staff:
The skin should be cleaned with alcohol or iodine before
the test.
The patient should be seated comfortably or reclining.
Procedure should be explained to patients who are afraid
or considering this simple test somewhat scary.
Procedure
A blood sample drawn from a vein in arm or a fingerstick
or heelstick (newborns).
PROCEDURE OF SAMPLING
During a CBC, a lab technician will draw blood from a vein,
typically from the inside of elbow or from the back of
hand.The test will take only a few minutes.
STEP BY STEP
1. cleans skin with an antiseptic wipe
2. places an elastic band, around upper arm to help the vein
swell with blood
3. inserts a needle in the vein and collects a blood sample in
one or more vials.
Procedure
4. removes the elastic band
5. covers the area with a bandage to stop any bleeding
6. Label sample and send it to a lab for analysis
For infants
In young infants, a nurse will typically sterilize the heel of
the foot and use a small needle called a lancet to prick the
area.
The nurse will then gently squeeze the heel and collect
a small amount of blood in a vial for testing
VEINS OF UPPER
LIMBS
Adults
Sampling
Infants
Sampling
Procedure
Vial
s
How the test will feel and
Complications
When the needle is inserted to draw blood, some people feel
moderate pain, while others feel only a prick or stinging
sensation. After the blood is drawn, there may be some
throbbing.
Most CBC results are available within a few hours to a day after
testing.
COMPLICATIONS, including:
Oozing of blood from puncture site
Fainting or feeling lightheaded
Hematoma (blood accumulating under the skin)
Multiple punctures to locate veins
Infection (a slight risk any time the skin is broken
THE
END
