Components of Good

Governance
Article By Brig (Retd) Mumtaz HussainThe
News of Friday, September 24, 2010

Presented to Sir Ashraf Janjua

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INTRODUCTION
Exercise of political, economic and administrative
authority
Complex mechanisms, processes, relationships and
institutions
Exercise of rights and obligations and mediating their
differences
Continuing process of divergent opinions and desires

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Dimensions of Governance
The political regime
The systems and procedures for exercising
authority
The capacity of governments

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Good Governance
Subset of governance
Effectively managing public resources and problems
Public participation, accountability and transparency
Effective and equitable
Promotes the rule of law fairly

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Good Governance
Sustaining human development
Consensus among stakeholders
State Creates conducive political and legal environment
Private sector Generates jobs and income
Civil society Facilitates political and social interaction
 Balance between taking advantage of emerging market
opportunities and providing a secure and stable social and
economic environment domestically

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GOOD GOVERNANCE- A CONCEPTUAL
FRAMEWORK
Foundations of good governance
- Principle of freedom of thought
- Principle of freedom of speech
- Equality
- Equity
- Justice
- Honesty
- Transparency
- Accountability

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Definitions
Definition used by the World Bank
The manner in which power is exercised in the management of a
country’s economic and social resources

Definition adopted by the Commission on Global Governance

Good Governance in the context of Pakistan

Enable the state, civil society and the private sector to enhance both
social development and economic growth as a means to greater human
development and increased levels of human welfare
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Six components of a broad conceptual
framework for good governance
Leaders/Decision makers
Constituencies
Agenda
Institutions
Information
Accountability Processes

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Core characteristics of good governance
Participation
Rule of law
Transparency
Responsiveness
Consensus orientation
Equity
Effectiveness and efficiency
Accountability
Strategic vision

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Issues Of Good Governance
• Institutional Imbalance
• Poor relations between center and federating units
• Political Instability
• Poor planning and development
• Inability to provide justice
• Corruption
• Poor Fiscal Administration
• Inefficient Economic Management
• Expenditure Mismanagement

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Policies to be implemented for Good
Governance
Balance between the institutions
Good relations between the centre and the federation units
Equal distribution of resources
Equal justice
Reforms in Fiscal policies
Reforms in Economic policies
Expenditures should be cut down
Accountability from the top

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Policies to be implemented for Good
Governance
Establishment of anti-corruption courts
Exclusive corruption courts
Enact legislation to improve accountability.
Independent private sector auditors
Diagnosing corrupt systems by people
Implementation of core institutional reforms and repairing
of corruption courts
Freedom of media

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Economic Crisis can be traced by following
Reforms
• Political stability
• Stable macroeconomic environment
• The outward-looking trade strategies as opposed to the
protectionist strategies
• The quality of primary education
• Effective land reforms
• Credit reforms
• A merit based, efficient and competent bureaucracy
• Well-functioning institutions
• Identification and development of core areas of
comparative advantage
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Good Governance issues in Pakistan
Law and order
Police Problem – 64 years of consistent corruption in the
public sector have destroyed the police as an institution –
In a civilized environment, the police plays the role of
protectors, not exploiters or helpers of the rich and VIPs, as
in our case – Police CANNOT be reformed, once you are
used to bribes, 10x your salary is less

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Good Governance issues in Pakistan
Police Solution
DIVIDE army into 2 units – External defense (as of right
now) – Internal defense • MERGE the police force into the
army ranks • Send ALL police personnel to borders for
ATLEAST 2 years for moral and physical rebuilding •
Replace police with – Serving sepoys headed by serving
captains/majors OR – RETIRED sepoys headed by retired
captains/majors • Let the “new” police build bonds with
community and reform procedures at the same time

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Good Governance issues in Pakistan
Justice
OBJECTIVE: Quick, simple solutions to legal problems –
Apply Army Penal Code, modify to civil needs, SIMPLIFY
laws
Reevaluate – All prisoners, specially women, those
victimized should be freed

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Good Governance issues in Pakistan
Poor Infrastructure
Solution – Less resources – Use the army, get
infrastructure, roads, build by them and maintain
development programs, cantonments, hospitals, houses,
schools even the entire country by them .Use
COMMUNITY INVOLVEMENT • Give residential
committees “budgets” to prioritize and solve their
problems • Involve MNCs and private sector, let them
advertise on roads and infrastructure they build

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Good Governance issues in Pakistan
Health issues
Solution: EDUCATE masses on hygiene sanitation,
INVOLVE media – Less number of public hospitals for
huge population – Involve MNCs and locals – control
corruption in the public hospitals and ask pharmaceuticals
to build clinics health system and preventive HEALTH
campaigns, instead of wasting money on conferences and
“marketing” – Solicit army expertise

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Good Governance issues in Pakistan
Education
Solutions – Over focus on Higher Education MOTHERS
to get education– improve quality of education .Use private
sector, community, RETIRED personnel help

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Good Governance issues in Pakistan
Economy/Inflation
Solutions – Spiraling inflation – more Industrialization
.Poor man has to pay few or – CUT taxes to 0% for all
underpaying jobs factories and service firms– Setup hassle
free registration desks for companies, NO RED TAPE –
Seek out Chinese firms to outsource their expertise for our
idol labor. Restrict Government from excessive borrowing.

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Good Governance issues in Pakistan
Poverty
Solutions –• improve families with better incomes ADOPT
homeless children , ask social sector to contribute in
helping and creating self employment activities

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Good Governance issues in Pakistan
Financial disciplines
according to are former finance minister approximately
Rs600 billion are the tax leakages in our taxation system .
Formulation of such a transparent and efficient system that
entire nation should know the name of tax evader and tax
payers. We need a tax culture.

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Solutions
Pakistan needs to redirect its priorities
Invest in basic human needs
Government must ensure equity and social justice
Provide a major stimulus to economic growth and
conductive environment
Analyze and plan its core competes and strengths such a
way which could make Pakistan lead in its respective field.

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