ENGL-2211

TECHNOLOGY FOR TEACHING

AND LEARNING II
GROUP 2
 CONTENT
1.
WHAT IS AN INSTRUCTIONAL DESIGN?

2.
ASSURE MODEL

3.
ASSURE MODEL INSTRUCTIONAL PLAN
 1

WHAT IS AN
INSTRUCTIONAL
DESIGN?
 WHAT IS AN
INSTRUCTIONAL DESIGN?
INSTRUCTIONAL DESIGN
IS...
 a SCIENCE
 an ART
 defined as the prescribing and forecasting optimal instruction
methods for achieving desired changes in knowledge, skills and
attitudes of designated students.
 a process of learning which explains lessons, course, learning
and supports activities in a unit of learning.

Rob Koper. (2006). Current Research in Learning Design. Educational Technology & Society, 9 (1) 13-22.
 IMPORTANCE OF
INSTRUCTIONAL DESIGN
The instructional design has several advantages that can be
summarized by the following:

 improving the educational practices by using educational theories;

 saving time and efforts;
 employing educational tools and equipment properly;
 finding the relationship between the theoretical and application
principles in educational situations;
 clarifying the teacher's role to facilitate learning process; and
 the sound evaluation of students' learning and learner's reaction

Gagne, R. M., Wager, W. W., Golas, K. C., Keller, J. M., & Russell, J. D. (2005). Principles of instructional design. Performance Improvement, 44(2), 44-46.
 2

ASSURE MODEL
INSTRUCTIONAL
DESIGN
 ASSURE MODEL
Developed by Robert Heinich and Michael Molenda decades ago, the
ASSURE model gained popularity because of its use in a popular
textbook for educators. It is a well-known instructional design guide
that uses the constructivist perspective, which integrates multimedia
and technology to enhance the learning environment.

The ASSURE model focuses on planning surrounding the actual

classroom use of media. Hence, some says that most teachers are
aware of this and understand that integrating technology into the
curriculum is the best way to make a positive difference in education
while many specific strategies can be used to add technology to the
mix.

Patrick Lefebvre. (2006). Infusion of Technology in the Classroom: Implementing an Instructional Technology Matrix to Help Teachers. Thesis. Department
of Education, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
 SALIENT FEATURES
It can be used not only in planning large units, but for small
units and also for simple lessons.

It is practical and easy to use. The obvious relationship of their

steps to the “real world” and its practical guidance and
structure make it easy to understand and apply.

It is suitable for most type of learners.

Heinich, R., Molenda, M., & Russell, J. D., (1993). Instructional Media and The New Technologies of Instruction. New York: Macmillan.
 SALIENT FEATURES
In this the 21st century this model allows for integration and
development of 21st century skills and more precisely,
technology in the teaching and learning process.

It increases “the effectiveness of the process by including

media and technologies in the process, which other
instructional design models do not do.”

This is a learner-centered model. It outlines the performance

objectives and how the learners participate in the process.

Heinich, R., Molenda, M., & Russell, J. D., (1993). Instructional Media and The New Technologies of Instruction. New York: Macmillan.
ASSURE is an
instructional design
model that has the goal
of producing more
effective teaching and
learning. “ASSURE” is an
acronym that stands for
the various steps in the
model. On the side is the
breakdown of each step.

Gagne,R. (1985). The conditions of learning (4th ed.). New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston.
 ANALYZE LEARNERS
There should be a focus on those learner characteristics which are
associated with the learning outcomes desired. The information gathered
will help you in the decisions that you make with respect to the other
steps in the process. When you determine the character of the learners, it
will guide you in choosing specific strategies and resources to aid the
learning process.

The analysis of the learners should include:

 The general attributes of your learners, such as age, academic abilities,
gender, interests, etc.
 Prior competencies
 Learning styles, such as auditory, visual, and tactile
Kurt, S. "ASSURE: Instructional Design Model," in Educational Technology, November 23, 2015. Retrieved from https://educationaltechnology.net/assure-
instructional-design-model/
 STATE OBJECTIVES

To be more concrete about things, this statement will focus on what the
learner will know or be able to do as a result of the instruction. An
example of this is with medical students. The learners will be able to
name at least two databases and two search techniques that they can use
to locate medical evidence for particular cases.

The objectives can be used in assessing the success of the students,

perhaps for the grading process. Also, you can use them to let the
learners know what they will accomplish through the class.

Kurt, S. "ASSURE: Instructional Design Model," in Educational Technology, November 23, 2015. Retrieved from https://educationaltechnology.net/assure-
instructional-design-model/
 STATE OBJECTIVES

The mark of a good set of learning objectives is conformity to the ABCDs

of well-stated learning objectives. They are as follows:

 Audience – For whom is the objective intended?

 Behavior – What is the behavior or performance to be demonstrated?
 Conditions – What are the conditions under which the behavior or
performance will be observed?
 Degree – To what degree will the knowledge or skill be mastered?

Kurt, S. "ASSURE: Instructional Design Model," in Educational Technology, November 23, 2015. Retrieved from https://educationaltechnology.net/assure-
instructional-design-model/
 SELECT INSTRUCTIONAL
METHODS, MEDIA
AND MATERIALS
Given what your learning objectives are, it’s necessary to pick
instructional strategies, technology, and media that will bring about the
results that you want.

First, you should figure out what which delivery method will be best for
your instruction. For instance, what proportion of your instruction will be
instructor-centered and what proportion of will be student-centered? The
first of these are strategies such as lecture, demonstration or showing a
video. The second are strategies such as group discussion or cooperative
group work.
Kurt, S. "ASSURE: Instructional Design Model," in Educational Technology, November 23, 2015. Retrieved from https://educationaltechnology.net/assure-
instructional-design-model/
 SELECT INSTRUCTIONAL
METHODS, MEDIA
AND MATERIALS
Once you select your teaching strategy, then it’s time to figure out which
technology, media, and materials best support the method of teaching
that you’re using. This ranges from simple tools such as chalk and
blackboard to more sophisticated ones such as power-point
presentations. What must be remembered is that the instructor is the
essential ingredient in giving over the material. Fancy tools are useful,
but it ultimately boils down to having someone who knows more than
what the textbook contains.

Kurt, S. "ASSURE: Instructional Design Model," in Educational Technology, November 23, 2015. Retrieved from https://educationaltechnology.net/assure-
instructional-design-model/
 UTILIZE MEDIA AND
MATERIALS
This step in the ASSURE process concerns making a plan as to how you
will utilize the technology, media, and materials that you have selected.
As with all of the instructional steps, you must make sure that your plans
contribute towards producing the objectives that you have laid down.

It’s important to follow the “five p’s” process to achieve this:

 Preview the Technology, Media, and Materials - This means that it’s
important to plan ahead of time just how you’re going to use them. It’s
good to do a dry run of your lesson before you actually teach it. Make
sure that the whole lesson will go smoothly and seamlessly.
Kurt, S. "ASSURE: Instructional Design Model," in Educational Technology, November 23, 2015. Retrieved from https://educationaltechnology.net/assure-
instructional-design-model/
 UTILIZE MEDIA AND
MATERIALS
 Prepare the Technology, Media, and Materials - You need to gather
together all of the things that you will need to teach your lesson. They
must be working properly. For example, if you are making a power-
point presentation, then you’ll need to create the text and graphics for
each screen.
 Prepare the Environment - There is some minimal preparation required
to set up the learning environment. Simple things like making sure that
you have enough desks are important. Also, if you have control over
the situation, you should make sure that there are no sources of noise
that will disturb the students.

Kurt, S. "ASSURE: Instructional Design Model," in Educational Technology, November 23, 2015. Retrieved from https://educationaltechnology.net/assure-
instructional-design-model/
 UTILIZE MEDIA AND
MATERIALS
 Prepare the Learners - First, you need to clearly inform the learners as
to what the learning objectives are. This will help the learners create a
mental map of what they need to absorb. Next, it’s important to tell the
students how they will be assessed. You need to tell them what their
assignments will be, how they will be graded, if there are tests, etc.
Also, you should explain to the students what the benefits of learning
the material are.
 Provide the Learning Experience - You then actually carry out the
lesson. This is where all of your planning takes effect. You should be
prepared to carry out the lesson with every prior step of the process in
mind. This will insure your success as a teacher.
Kurt, S. "ASSURE: Instructional Design Model," in Educational Technology, November 23, 2015. Retrieved from https://educationaltechnology.net/assure-
instructional-design-model/
 REQUIRE LEARNER
PARTICIPATION
It requires that you make plans to how you are going to actively engage
your students in the material that you are teaching. This needs to be
figured out both at the class level and the individual level.

The most basic step that you can take is requiring participation of the
students in class discussions. A more sophisticated approach would
require that students prepare questions and comments at home to bring
into the class. You might try even allowing individual students to lead
classes or discussions in the style of a seminar.

Kurt, S. "ASSURE: Instructional Design Model," in Educational Technology, November 23, 2015. Retrieved from https://educationaltechnology.net/assure-
instructional-design-model/
 EVALUATE AND REVISE

The final step in the ASSURE process is just as crucial as all of the others.
In this step, you evaluate the impact of your teaching on student
learning. This includes an evaluation of your teaching strategies and the
technology, media, and materials that you used. The following questions
are useful to ask during this evaluation:

 Did your lesson meet the learning objectives that you planned? How
will you determine whether the students reach the objectives? Is your
way of assessing the students in line with your learning objectives?

Kurt, S. "ASSURE: Instructional Design Model," in Educational Technology, November 23, 2015. Retrieved from https://educationaltechnology.net/assure-
instructional-design-model/
 EVALUATE AND REVISE
 Can this lesson be improved? How? How are you going to assess the
weaknesses in your presentation?
 Was your choice of media and materials a good one? How will you
assess the effectiveness of these tools?
 Is it possible that other technologies, media, and materials would have
done a better job?

The final step in your evaluation should focus on feedback from your
students. Was their experience positive overall? Do they feel that they
have reached your objectives and their own personal objectives? How will
you determine whether or not your performance was effective?
Kurt, S. "ASSURE: Instructional Design Model," in Educational Technology, November 23, 2015. Retrieved from https://educationaltechnology.net/assure-
instructional-design-model/
 3

ASSURE MODEL
INSTRUCTIONAL
PLAN
 ASSURE MODEL
INSTRUCTIONAL PLAN
Title: Footnote to Youth by Jose Garcia Villa
HHHHHHH
Grade level: Grade 10
Content Area: Footnote to Youth by Jose Garcia Villa and the Elements of
Short Story using the Story Grammar
Lesson Length (Total Time): 50 minutes

ANALYZE LEARNERS

Learners’ General Characteristics: The lesson is designed for 10th grade

high school students. This is an in-class support class comprised of 20
male and 20 female students. Academic and learning styles vary.

Smaldino, R.E., Russell, J.D., Heinich, R. & Molenda, M., Instructional Technology andMedia for Learning, edisi ke-8, Pearson Educational Inc., New Jersey,
2005.
 ASSURE MODEL
INSTRUCTIONAL PLAN
In general, students have short attention span that’s why they need to
have an entertaining activities. The students are not yet familiar with the
story Footnote to Youth by Jose Garcia Villa but are capable of
determining the elements of short story.

Entry Characteristics: The students in this class are collaborative and

skilled in the use of technology. However, their proficiency with this
technology is limited to the use of social media and entertainment
applications.

Learning Styles: Although the class is comprised of students of all learning

styles, the majority of students in this class are tactile learners.
Smaldino, R.E., Russell, J.D., Heinich, R. & Molenda, M., Instructional Technology andMedia for Learning, edisi ke-8, Pearson Educational Inc., New Jersey,
2005.
 ASSURE MODEL
INSTRUCTIONAL PLAN

STATE OBJECTIVES

 Identify the elements of short story from the selection using story
grammar.
 Using the story grammar the students will identify the elements of the
story based on the story that they have read.
 Discuss the story: Footnote to Youth by Jose Garcia Villa.
The students will read with understanding the selection.
 Get the significance of the story.
Analyze what are the things we need to consider before marrying.

Smaldino, R.E., Russell, J.D., Heinich, R. & Molenda, M., Instructional Technology andMedia for Learning, edisi ke-8, Pearson Educational Inc., New Jersey,
2005.
 ASSURE MODEL
INSTRUCTIONAL PLAN
SELECT INSTRUCTIONAL METHODS, MEDIA AND MATERIALS

Strategies. A variety of teacher-centered and student-centered strategies

have been designed for this lesson.

Technology and Materials. Students will have access to computers, video

and PowerPoint slide.

Print Media. Students will use print, textbooks- Serrano. J B., Lapid. M G.
English Communication Arts and Skill Through World Literature texts,
visuals such as photos, and clip art or drawings and creative story
grammar to create assignments.
Smaldino, R.E., Russell, J.D., Heinich, R. & Molenda, M., Instructional Technology andMedia for Learning, edisi ke-8, Pearson Educational Inc., New Jersey,
2005.
 ASSURE MODEL
INSTRUCTIONAL PLAN

UTILIZE MEDIA AND MATERIALS

 Preview the Materials: The students will first watch a short video
related to the story.
 Prepare the Materials: With the assistance of the instructional
technology coordinator, classroom computers and LCD projector with
white screen will be checked and ready for student use. Appropriate
software will be accessible to the students.

Smaldino, R.E., Russell, J.D., Heinich, R. & Molenda, M., Instructional Technology andMedia for Learning, edisi ke-8, Pearson Educational Inc., New Jersey,
2005.
 ASSURE MODEL
INSTRUCTIONAL PLAN

UTILIZE MEDIA AND MATERIALS

 Prepare the Environment: Desks are to be arranged in a manner that

allows for small group work and well ventilated and lighted classroom.
 Prepare the Learners: Students will have been prepared for this lesson
during the lesson.
 Provide the Learning Experiences: Students have notes on Jose Garcia
Villa and literary devices which can be referred to as needed.

Smaldino, R.E., Russell, J.D., Heinich, R. & Molenda, M., Instructional Technology andMedia for Learning, edisi ke-8, Pearson Educational Inc., New Jersey,
2005.
 ASSURE MODEL
INSTRUCTIONAL PLAN

REQUIRE LEARNER PARTICIPATION

Individual Activities: The students will answer orally the questions that
the teacher will ask after watching the video and after reading the
selection.

Group Activities: The students are going to analyze the short story
footnote to youth using the “story grammar” and what is story grammar.
A story grammar is a graphic organizer which outlines the elements of the
story. They will given 5-7 minutes to work and then after that they are
going to present.
Smaldino, R.E., Russell, J.D., Heinich, R. & Molenda, M., Instructional Technology andMedia for Learning, edisi ke-8, Pearson Educational Inc., New Jersey,
2005.
 ASSURE MODEL
INSTRUCTIONAL PLAN

EVALUATE AND REVISE

Student activities will be evaluated using a rubric.

In conclusion, the ASSURE process is really just a matter of common

sense. However, it is good to follow a regimented guide to improve your
teaching technique. Any effective teacher knows that the perfection of
their technique does not come overnight, and there is always room for
improvement. By following the ASSURE process, you will be sure to
improve your teaching for many years to come.
Smaldino, R.E., Russell, J.D., Heinich, R. & Molenda, M., Instructional Technology andMedia for Learning, edisi ke-8, Pearson Educational Inc., New Jersey,
2005.
THANK YOU FOR
LISTENING!
Aribal, Aimie Rose
Calzada, Kier
Jayme, Liza
Rubio, Venice Marie
Sugarol, Renelyn
Turtoza, Shane

BSED-ENGLISH 2D