THE
PHILIPPINE
GOVERNMEN
T
Teacher: Rodrigo D. Quinto Jr.
What is Government?
Government
is a system of social control under
which the right to make laws, and
the right to enforce them, is given
to a particular group in society.
Government power can be held by
one individual, a few, or a majority.
Governments come in different
forms. The basic law determining
the form of government is called
the constitution.
Different forms of
Government in the
Philippines
I. Republic
II.Unitary State
III.Presidential System
IV.Parliamentary Republic
V.Constitutional Republic
REPUBLIC
form of government in which a state is
ruled by representatives of the citizen
body.
The term republic may also be
applied to any form of government in
which the head of state is not a
hereditary monarch.
The Philippines is a democratic
and republican State. Sovereignty
resides in the people and all
government authority emanates
from them.
- ARTICLE II, SECTION 1 OF THE 1987
CONSTITUTION-
The Philippines is a republic with a
presidential form of government wherein
power is equally divided among its three
branches: executive, legislative, and
judicial.
One basic corollary in a presidential system
of government is the principle of separation
of powers wherein legislation belongs to
Congress, execution to the Executive, and
settlement of legal controversies to the
Judiciary.
The Legislative branch is
authorized to make laws, alter,
and repeal them through the
power vested in the Philippine
Congress. This institution is
divided into the Senate and the
House of Representatives.
The Executive branch is
composed of the President and
the Vice President who are
elected by direct popular vote
and serve a term of six years.
The Constitution grants the
President authority to appoint
his Cabinet. These departments
form a large portion of the
country’s bureaucracy.
The Judicial branch holds the
power to settle controversies
involving rights that are legally
demandable and enforceable.
This branch determines whether
or not there has been a grave
abuse of discretion amounting to
lack or excess of jurisdiction on
the part and instrumentality of
the government. It is made up of
a Supreme Court and lower
courts.
UNITARY STATE
is a state governed as a
single entity in which
the central government
is ultimately supreme.
Unitary states stand in
contrast with
federations, also known
as federal states.
Example of Unitary State
Unitary System
one central government controls weaker states. Power is not shared
between states, counties, or provinces. Examples: China, United
Kingdom (although Scotland has been granted self-rule).
Presidential System
A presidential system is a form
of government in which a head
of government (president) leads
an executive branch that is
separate from the legislative
branch. This head of
government is in most cases
also the head of state.
Example of Presidential System
The United States is the originator and primary example
of the presidential system, a model that is followed in
only a few other democracies, such as Argentina, Brazil,
Mexico, and the Philippines.
In the U.S. presidential system, the President is both the
chief executive of the government and the head of state.
Parliamentary system - democratic form of
government in which the party (or a coalition of
parties) with the greatest representation in the PARLIAMENTARY SYSTEM
parliament (legislature) forms the government, its
leader becoming prime minister or chancellor.
Executive functions are exercised by members of
the parliament appointed by the prime minister to
the cabinet.
The parties in the minority serve in opposition to
the majority and have the duty to challenge it
regularly. Prime ministers may be removed from
power whenever they lose the confidence of a
majority of the ruling party or of the parliament.
The parliamentary system originated in Britain
and was adopted in several of its former colonies.
Example of Parliamentary Republic
Countries with parliamentary democracies may be
constitutional monarchies, where a monarch is the
head of state while the head of government is almost
always a member of parliament (such as Denmark,
Norway, Japan, Malaysia, Sweden and the United
Kingdom),
CONSTITUTIONAL REPUBLIC
A constitutional republic is a form of
government in which the head of the state, as
well as other officials, are elected by the
country’s citizens to represent them. Those
representatives must then follow the rules of
that country’s constitution in governing their
people.
A country is considered constitutional republic
if:
• It has a constitution that limits the
government’s power
• The citizens choose their own heads of
state and other governmental officials
Example of Constitutional Republic
An example of a constitutional republic is the
United States’ form of government. U.S.
citizens elect a President, and other
representatives, who then govern them as the
Constitution directs them to.
The Importance of Forms of
Government
Besides providing goods to citizens
and maintaining public safety, most
governments also provide a means
for citizens to participate and make
their opinions known to those in
positions of power. Western
governments like the United States,
Britain, France, and others protect
citizens' freedom of speech and a free
press.
THANK YOU CLASS!
