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Empyema: Presented By: Mis. M.K.Kaku Nursing Tutor

Empyema is a collection of pus in the pleural space caused by bacterial infections like pneumonia. It has three stages: exudative, fibrinopurulent, and organizing. Symptoms include shortness of breath, cough, and chest pain. Diagnosis involves tests like thoracentesis and CT scan. Treatment consists of antibiotics, oxygen therapy, and surgical drainage or decortication depending on the stage. Nurses monitor vital signs, administer drugs, and care for any chest tubes to drain pus and prevent complications.

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Kaku Manisha
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5K views8 pages

Empyema: Presented By: Mis. M.K.Kaku Nursing Tutor

Empyema is a collection of pus in the pleural space caused by bacterial infections like pneumonia. It has three stages: exudative, fibrinopurulent, and organizing. Symptoms include shortness of breath, cough, and chest pain. Diagnosis involves tests like thoracentesis and CT scan. Treatment consists of antibiotics, oxygen therapy, and surgical drainage or decortication depending on the stage. Nurses monitor vital signs, administer drugs, and care for any chest tubes to drain pus and prevent complications.

Uploaded by

Kaku Manisha
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

EMPYEMA

PRESENTED BY:
MIS. M.K.KAKU
NURSING TUTOR
Definition
• Empyema is a collection of pus in
the cavity between the lung and
membrane that surrounds it.( Pleural
space)
• It consist of effusion containing
polymorphonuclear leukocytes and
fibrin.
Stages of empyema
• There are three stages of empyema:
1. Exudative stage: In this phase the pus
accumulates in the pleural space.
2. Fibrinopurulent: In this phase the creation of
of grapelike pocket of pus may occur.
3. Organizing: In this phase the scarring may
occur which reduces lungs to fully expand.
Causes of Risk factor
• Empyema is caused by infection spreads from the lung and leads to an
accumulation of pus in the pleural space.
• The most common organisms are:
 Streptococcus pneumonie
 Haemophilus influenzae
 Streptococcus aures
• Risk factors includes:
o Bacterial Pneumonia
o Lung abscess
o Thoracic surgery
o Trauma to the chest
Clinical menifestation
• Clinical manifestations includes,
 Shortness of breath
 Dry cough
 Fever and Chills
 Excessive sweating
 Malaise
 Unintentional weight loss
 Chest pain
 Decreased breath sounds
Diagnosis
• History and physical examination
• Thoracentesis
• Gram stain and the culture of pleural fluid
• CT Scan
• Chest X –ray
Management
• Antibiotics to control the infection : The
commonly used drugs are Penicillin and
Vancomycin.
• Oxygen therapy
• Surgical treatment is done according to stage of
empyema:
 Drainage of fluid by Thoracentesis
 Decortication
 Chest tube insertion to drain the fluid
Nursing management
• Assess the vitals
• Administer drugs as prescribed
• If chest tube inserted,
 Check for patency of it.
 check for any bubbles are there.
 Maintain aseptic technique
 Prevent complications
 Encourage patient for deep breathing

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