UNIT 1: UNDERSTANDING

SENTENCE BASIC
Lesson 1: What is sentence?
Lesson 2: Grammar for Writing
Lesson 3: Revision
UNIT 1: UNDERSTANDING
SENTENCE BASIC
Lesson 1: What is sentence?
Lesson 1: What is sentence?
Activity 1: Changing the words into sentences
1. My name/ Angela/ is.
2. from Kearney, Nebraska/ I/ am/.
3. in the middle of the United States/ a small city/ Kearney/ is/.
4. have/ two parents/ I/.
5. Have/ and one sister/ I /three brothers/.
6. like to ride/ I / horse /.
7. in the country/ like to hike / I /.
8. Am / I / an / English teacher.
9. foreign languages/ like to study/ I /.
10. like/ I / my job/ very much /.
Lesson 1: What is sentence?
Activity 2: Identifying Subjects, Verbs, and Objects
1.Tuna salad is easy to make.
2.The ingredients are simple and cheap.
3.Two ingredients are tuna fish and mayonnaise.
4.I also use onions, salt, and pepper.
5.First, I cut up the onion.
6.Then I add the tuna fish and the mayonnaise.
7.Finally, I add some salt and a lot of pepper.
8.Without a doubt, tuna salad is my favorite food.
Lesson 1: What is sentence?
Activity 3: Unscramble the words to make correct sentences
1.in Central America/ a small country / Costa Rica / is /.
2.between Panama/ and Nicaragua / It / is/.
3.This country/ between the Pacific Ocean / is / and the Caribbean
Sea / .
4.more than four million / is / The population / of Costa Rica / .
5.Many tourists / there / go / .
6.wild animals / They / all the time / see / in the jungle.
7.is / in the world / the most beautiful country / It / .
8.hope to visit / one day / I / this beautiful country / .
Lesson 1: What is sentence?
Activity 4: Write six or ten sentences about yourself. (Follow the
examples in Activity 1)
1.…………………………………………………………….
2. …………………………………………………………….
3. …………………………………………………………….
4. …………………………………………………………….
5. …………………………………………………………….
6. …………………………………………………………….
7. …………………………………………………………….
8. …………………………………………………………….
9. …………………………………………………………….
10. …………………………………………………………….
UNIT 1: UNDERSTANDING
SENTENCE BASIC
Lesson 2: Grammar for Writing
- A fragment- An Incomplete Sentence
- The Verb Be
- Preposition of Place: In, On, At
- Capitalization and Punctuation in a sentence
Lesson 2: Grammar for Writing
a. An incomplete sentence/ Fragment
Exercise 1: Sentence or Fragment
1. ….……………. Hans lives in a big apartment.
2. ….……………. My mother breakfast every morning.
3. ….……………. Is incredibly delicious.
4. ….……………. Karen has a car.
5. ….……………. They my cousins from Miami.
6. ….……………. You a student.
7. ….……………. Micheal likes classical music.
8. ….……………. Nicole and Jean very best friends.
9. ….……………. The girls play soccer after school.
10. ….……………. I am from Colombia.
Lesson 2: Grammar for Writing
b. The Verb Be
Exercise 2: Completing sentences with Be. Then write two more
sentences about the topic, using the common sentence pattern
with be.
1. There are seven colors in a rainbow . These colors are red,
orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo and violet. My favorite rainbow
color is green.
2. There ... twenty- six letters in English alphabet. ….......
3. There ... different students in my class. ….......
4. There ... an insect on the window. ….......
5. There ... a huge map of the world on the wall in our classroom. ...
6. There ……………….. many different animals in a zoo. ….......
Lesson 2: Grammar for Writing
c. Preposition
Exercise 3: Choose the correct preposition
1. The sahara is a desert region ... Africa.
2. My friend Tina works ... Washington Central Bank.
3. The Eiffiel Tower is a famous landmark ...Paris.
4. There is a very popular sushi restaurant... Pine Street.
5. Busan is an interesting city ... South Korea.
6. My friends and I attend classes ... a local university ... our city.
7. There are many theaters ... Broadway Avenue ... New York.
8. The company meeting will be ... 1202 Waters Avenue.
Lesson 2: Grammar for Writing
c. Preposition
Exercise 4: Choosing the Correct Preposition
Banks in a Small Town
It is surprising that Nelson has seven banks. Nelson is a small town
(1) ….. California. There are only about 36.000 people (2) ….. .
however, there are three banks, and each bank has at least two
branches. The banks are National, First California, and Trust.
National Bank has branches (3) ….. 60 Green Street and (4) …..
Hanks Avenue. First California Bank has branches (5) ….. Princeton
Street and (6) ….. Lee Road. Trust Bank has branches (7) ….. Temple
Street, (8) ….. Whispering Street, and (9) ….. 445 Orange Avenue. No
one understand why there are seven banks (10) ….. a small town like
Lesson 2: Grammar for Writing
d. Capitalization and Punctuation
Exercise 5: Practicing Capitalization and Punctuation
1. spaghetti/ most kids/ like
=> …………………………………………..
2. enjoy/ they/ the taste of spaghetti
=> …………………………………………..
3. tomato sauce/ on their spaghetti/ some kids/ put =>
…………………………………………..
4. the color of spaghetti with the sauce/ they/ love =>
…………………………………………..
5. like/ on their spaghetti/ cheese/ other kids
=> …………………………………………..
6. love to eat/ most kids/ spaghetti
=> …………………………………………..
Lesson 2: Grammar for Writing
d. Capitalization and Punctuation
Exercise 6: Identify statements, Question, and Exclamations
1.... How many days are there in a month
2. ... The answer depends on the month
3.... Only four months have 30 days
4. ...An example of a month with only 30 days is September
5. ... Other months have 31 days
6. ... Examples of months with 31 days are July and December
7. ...Which month never has 30 days
8. ... The answer is February
9. ... February usually has only 28 days
10. ... All my brothers and sisters were born in the first two weeks of
February
WRITING TOPIC 1: Introducing yourself
by an email
UNIT 1: UNDERSTANDING
SENTENCE BASIC
Lesson 3: Revision
- Review: Sentences, Fragments
- Review: Capitalization, Punctuation, Prepositions
- Synonyms (Exercise 4)
- Collocations (Exercise 5)
- Part of Speech
Exercise 1: Some of the sentences below have mistakes with
fragment, punctuation, or capitalization. Decide if then sentence
is correct or incorrect, and check the appropriate box. If the
sentence contains a mistake, describe the mistake. Then edit the
sentence to make it correct.
1. Mexico not near Great Britain
□ Correct □ Incorrect Reason: ………

2. The Statue of Liberty is in new york.

□ Correct □ Incorrect Reason: ………
3. Sudan is in africa.
□ Correct □ Incorrect Reason: ………
4. Portland is a popular city in Oregon.
□ Correct □ Incorrect Reason:………
5. Austria and Hungary in Europe.
□ Correct □ Incorrect Reason: ………
6. Russia and Canada bigger than the United States.
□ Correct □ Incorrect Reason: ………
7. Rains a lot in Southeast Asia during the rainy season.
□ Correct □ Incorrect Reason: ………
8. Three main groups of people live in Malaysia.
□ Correct □ Incorrect Reason: ………
9. Is between Mexico and Canada.
□ Correct □ Incorrect Reason:………
10. Nepal is north of India.
□ Correct □ Incorrect Reason:………
11. Of Thailand is more than 67.000.000.
□ Correct □ Incorrect Reason:………
12. Bolivia does not any seaports.
□ Correct □ Incorrect Reason:………
Exercise 2: Correct the paragraphs. There are 10 mistakes in each
paragraph

a. Paragraph 1: (3 capitalization mistakes, 2 punctuation mistakes,

1 missing subject, 3 missing verbs, 1 incorrect preposition)
Making Hummus
Hummus a very snack to make. The ingredients simple and cheap.
Chickpeas and crushed Gralic are two ingredients. I also use lemon
juice, olive oil, and salt. First, wash and mash the chickpeas at a
bowl. Then I add crushed garlic and salt Finally, i mix in the lemon
juice and olive oil. some people add tahini paste, too? This fast
treat now ready to eat.
Exercise 2: Correct the paragraphs. There are 10 mistakes in each
paragraph

a. Paragraph 2: (2 capitalization mistakes, 1 punctuation mistakes, 2

missing subject, 5 missing verbs)
The beauty of Tuscany
Tuscany a beautiful region in Italy. Is famous for cities such as
florence, Siena, and Pisa. The amazing apennine Hills in Tuscany.
Tuscany also famous for the production of beautiful ceramics. For
example, bowls, vases, and oil jars very popular with tourists.
Tuscany has so many interesting place to see. Assisi and Siena two
beautiful cities that many people love to visit. Is a wonderful place to
visit.
Exercise 3: Circle the word or phrase that is most closely related
to the word or phrase on the left

A B
A surprise Know Unknown
To work At the beach At the office
To understand To add To know
Ingredients When you cook When you read
Simple Difficult Not difficult
Cheap A high price A low price
Finally The first The last
To cut up To make into many pieces To keep in one
piece
Exercise 3: Circle the word or phrase that is most closely related
to the word or phrase on the left

An addition Something put in Something taken

out
To attend To be present To do something
A break A short process A short rest
To enjoy To dislike To like
A company A business A school
A region A place Something you
believe
Famous Professional Well- known
Exercise 4: fill in each blank with the word that most naturally
completes the phrase on the right.
1. Popular/ capital a … actor.
2. To/ from to add lemon juice …the hummus.
3. A supermarket/ a class to attend …
4. Region/ branch a bank …
5. Result/ break a surprising …
6. Sun/ movie an interesting …
7. Simple/ cheap a … answer
8. A chair/ a sentence to understand …
9. A drink/ an onion to cut up …
Meet/ add to … salt
Exercise 4: fill in each blank with the word that most naturally
completes the phrase on the right.
1. The meeting took almost five hours so it was impossible to … attention all
the time
A. give B. pay C. have D. make
2. The problem is difficult to … under control.
A. hold B. do C. make D. keep
3. It took us all day to clean up the office after the burglary- the thieves … a
terrible mess.
A. did B. took C. made D. had
4. I don’t think we should ... a decision yet; we should wait.
A. do B. make C. hold D. create
5. Only 31% of the students who … the final exam passed it.
A. had B. made C. took D. wrote
6. I think we should look for a new supplier- the one we have at the
moment … us too many problems
A. makes B. causes C. does D. helps
7. Could you … me a favour and post these letters on your way home?
A. bring B. give C. get D. do
8. I’ve told him ten times that he’s got the wrong telephone number. I’ll
… crazy if they call again.
A. be B. become C. get D. go
9. The company offers its employees free language training but not many
people … advantage of it.
A. make B. take C. do D. keep
10. Our personnel assistant is leaving next month- she’s … a baby.
expecting B. waiting C. waiting for. D. making