TRAFFIC SCRUNITING SYSTEM

ON ROAD RAGGING
 ABSTRACT
our proposed project aims to control the traffic,
and save time and their by providing space for their
movement .( for emergency vehicle such as
ambulance,govt vehicles etc) .

####### copy from base paper #########

 INTRODUCTION
In cities, traffic control can become chaotic when an emergency
vehicle must travel through a busy intersection. The device, will
transmit signals to traffic lights in traffic junctions. The signal
will command all other junction lights to turn red so that the
emergency vehicle (an ambulance, fire engine or police car) can
make a safe path through busy intersections. As a result, the
vehicle will get to its destination in a way that is safe for those
inside it and for others on the road. The project will involve
designing the wireless transceiver to be connected to the control
circuit of the junction and a corresponding transmitter for the
vehicle. They will also keep constant surveillance on the
junction because it is so busy.
 First Vehicle
Power Supply
LCD
2 x 16
Zigbee
IEEE 802.15.4

ATMEL
Micro Controller Max 232
AT89S52
 Second Vehicle
Power Supply
LCD
2 x 16
Zigbee
IEEE 802.15.4

ATMEL
Micro Controller Max 232
AT89S52
 Master Vehicle
Power Supply
LCD
2 x 16
Zigbee
IEEE 802.15.4

ATMEL
Micro Controller Max 232
AT89S52
 Base Station
Power Supply

ATMEL
Micro controller
AT89S52
Signal 1

Signal 2
 Microcontroller -AT89S52
• Microcontroller is a microprocessor designed
specifically for control applications, and is
equipped with ROM, RAM and facilities I / O
on a single chip.
• AT89S52 is one of the family MCS-51/52
equipped with an internal 8 Kbyte Flash
EPROM (Erasable and Programmable Read
Only Memory), which allows memory to be
reprogrammed.
 AT89S52 Microcontroller Features :

• A CPU (Central Processing Unit) 8 Bit.

• 256 bytes of RAM (Random Access Memory) internally.
• Four-port I / O, which each consist of eight bits
• the internal oscillator and timing circuits.
• Two timer / counters 16 bits
• Five interrupt lines (two fruits and three external interrupt internal
interruptions).
• A serial port with full duplex UART (Universal Asynchronous Receiver
Transmitter).
• Able to conduct the process of multiplication, division, and Boolean.
• the size of 8 KByte EPROM for program memory.
• Maximum speed execution of instructions per cycle is 0.5 s at 24 MHz clock
frequency.
If the microcontroller clock frequency used is 12 MHz, the speed is 1 s
instruction execution
Pin Configuration
 The function of each pin AT89S52 is:
Pin 1 to 8 (Port 1) is an 8-bit parallel port of a two-way (bidirectional) that can be used for different
purposes (general purpose).
Pin 9 is a pin reset, reset is active if a high ration.
• • P3.0 (10): RXD (serial port data receiver)
• P3.1 (11): TXD (serial port data sender)
• P3.2 (12): INT0 (external interrupt 0 input, active low)
• P3.3 (13): INT1 (ekstrernal an interrupt input, active low)
• P3.4 (14): T0 (external input timer / counter 0)
• P3.5 (15): T1 (external input timer / counter 1)
• P3.6 (16): WR (Write, active low) control signal from port 0 write data to memory and input-
output data externally.
• P3.7 (17): RD (Read, active low) control signal of the reading of input-output data memory
external to the port 0. XTAL pin 18 as the second, the output is connected to the crystal oscillator.
XTAL pin 19 as the first, high berpenguatan input to the oscillator, connected to the crystal.
• Pin 20 as Vss, is connected to 0 or ground on the circuit.
• Pin 21 to 28 (Port 2) is 8 bits parallel ports in both directions. This port sends the address byte when
accessing external memory is carried on.
Pin 29 as the PSEN (Program Store Enable) is the signal used for reading, move the program the
external memory (ROM / EPROM) to microcontroller (active low).
Pin 30 as the ALE (Address Latch Enable) to hold down the address for accessing external memory.
This pin also functions as a prog (active low) that is activated when the internal program flash
memory on the microcontroller (on chip).
• Pin 31 as the EA (External Accesss) to select the memory to be used, the internal program memory
(EA = Fcc) or external program memory (EA = Vss)
 ZigBee Protocol
802.15.4 Specifications
– Supported Networks
• ZigBee is a • Point-Point
Networking Protocol • Point-Multipoint/Star
that Rides on top of – Types of Nodes
• Coordinator
the IEEE 802.15.4 • End Node
Radio Protocol – Reliable Delivery
• CSMA/CA
• MAC-level (pt-pt)
Retries/Acknowledgments
– 64-bit IEEE and 16-bit short
Addressing
– 16 DSSS RF Channels
802.15.4 Protocol
 ZIGBEE SPECIFICATIONS
Addressing
• 64-bit IEEE Address
– Unique to every 802.15.4 device in the world
– Permanent, assigned during mfg
• 16-bit Network Addressing
– Unique to each module within a PAN
– Used in Routing Tables
– Used for data transmissions, etc.
– Volatile Address - Can Change
 ZIGBEE PROTOCOL NEEDS/USES
802.15.4 Data Transmission modes
– Broadcast Mode
• To send a broadcast packet to all radios regardless
of 16-bit or 64-bit addressing
– Unicast Mode – Guaranteed Delivery
• 64-bit IEEE Addressing
– Destination 64-bit Address to match 64-bit source
address of intended receiver.
• 16-bit Network Addressing
– Destination 16-bit Address to match 16-bit source
address of intended receiver
 PAN NETWORK FORMATION
– Coordinator must select an unused operating
channel and PAN ID
• Energy scan on all channels
• Sends Beacon request (Broadcast PAN ID)
• Listens to all responses and logs the results
– After the Coordinator has started, it will allow
nodes to join to it for a time based on the
specified Node Join Time

C
 ROUTER STARTUP

– A new Router must locate a Router that has

already joined a PAN or a Coordinator
• Sends a Broadcast PAN ID on each channel
• Returns sent via Unicast
– Router will then try to join to a Router or
• Coordinator that is allowing joining

R
 END NODE: LOW-POWER SLEEP MODES

• End Node Startup

– A new End node must locate a Router that has
already joined a PAN or a Coordinator
• Sends a Broadcast PAN ID on each channel
• Returns sent via Unicast
– End node will then try to join to a parent (Router
• or Coordinator) that is allowing joining

E
UART – PIN CONNECTION

DB-9 9-Pin Connector

19
 RxD and TxD pins in the 8051

RxD and TxD pins in the 8051

– 8051 has two pins used for transferring and receiving data
serially
– TxD and RxD are part of the port 3 group
– pin 11 (P3.1) is assigned to TxD
– pin 10 (P3.0) is designated as RxD
– these pins are TTL compatible
– require a line driver to make them RS232 compatible
– driver is the MAX232 chip

20
 8051 CONNECTION TO RS232

MAX232:

– converts from RS232 voltage levels to TTL voltage levels

– uses a +5 V power source
– MAX232 has two sets of line drivers for transferring and
receiving data
– line drivers used for TxD are called T1 and T2
– line drivers for RxD are designated as R1 and R2
– T1 and R1 are used together for TxD and RxD of the 8051
– second set is left unused

21
8051 CONNECTION TO RS232

(a) Inside MAX232

(b) its Connection to the 8051 (Null Modem) 22