CROSS DOCKING
BY: SYED HUZAIFA KHALID
CROSS-DOCKING
Cross-dock operations were first pioneered in the US TRUCKING
INDUSTRY in the 1930s and have been in continuous use in less-than-
truckload LTL operations ever since. The US military began using cross-
docking operations in the 1950s. Wal-Mart began using cross-docking in the
retail sector in the late 1980s.
In the LTL trucking industry, cross-docking is done by moving cargo from one
transport vehicle directly onto another with minimal or no warehousing In retail
practice, cross-docking operations may utilize staging areas where inbound
materials are sorted, consolidated, and stored until the outbound shipment is
complete and ready to ship.
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CROSS DOCKING
CROSS-DOCKING
In practice many "cross-docking" operations
require large staging areas where inbound
materials are sorted, consolidated, and stored
until the outbound shipment is complete and
ready to ship.
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CROSS-DOCKING
If the staging takes hours or a day, the operation is usually
referred to as a "cross-dock" distribution center.
If it takes several days or even weeks, the operation is usually
considered warehousing.
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CROSS DOCKING
WAL-MART'S CROSS-DOCKING DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM
Cross docking has been most successfully
implemented in Wal-Mart's distribution system.
Individual Wal-Mart stores transmit point-of-sale
(POS) data from the cash register back to
corporate headquarters several times a day.
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WAL-MART'S CROSS-DOCKING DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM
This provides instant feedback on customer demand,
which is transmitted up the supply chain.
Demand information is used to order shipments from
suppliers to the Wal-Mart distribution center and from
the Wal-Mart distribution center to the store.
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ADVANTAGES OF CROSS DOCKING
Many companies have benefitted from using cross docking. Some
of the benefits include:
Reduction in labor costs, as the products no longer requires picking
and put away in the warehouse.
Reduction in the time from production to the customer, which
helps improve customer satisfaction.
Reduction in the need for warehouse space, as there is no
requirement to storage the products.
PRODUCTS SUITABLE FOR CROSS DOCKING
Perishable items that require immediate shipment
High-quality items that do not require quality inspections during goods
receipt
Products that are pre-tagged (bar coded, RFID), pre-ticketed, and ready
for sale at the customer
Staple retail products with a constant demand or low demand variance
Pre-picked, pre-packaged customer orders from another production
plant or warehouse
DISADVANTAGES OF CROSS DOCKING
Must management planning and time requirement.
A computerized logistics system is needed
Additional freight handling can lead to product damage
Supplier do not deliver on right time.
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