DR.S. & S.S.
GHANDHY GOVERNMENT ENGINEERING COLLEGE ,SURAT
P.G. Water Resources Engineering
Semester:2nd
Water Resources Planning(3723303)
Integrated Water Resources Management and Basin Planning
Prepared By: Patel Priyank Hiteshbhai (200230733003)
Guided By: Prof.Darshan Mehta
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Content
• Introduction-River basin planning
• Need for river basin planning and management
• Water Resources Planning Process
• River basin management plan
• Function of water resources planning
• Need for integration
• Integrated Water Resources Management(IWRM)
• Concept of IWRM
• Principles of IWRM
• Objectives of IWRM
• Key activities of IWRM
• Models for IWRM
• Impacts of climate change on water resources management
• References
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Introduction-River Basin Planning
• A river basin can be defined as the geographical area demarcated by
the topographic limits of the system of waters, including surface and
subsurface water, flowing into a common point.
• River basin planning is defined as the process by which decisions are
made over the competing uses and different demands for water
resources and associated systems within the basin of the river.
• River basin management is defined as the management of water
resources of a basin as a part of natural ecosystem and in relation to
their socioeconomic settings.
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Need for river basin planning and
management
• River basins are the natural entities in which freshwater appears, the
ultimate source of nearly all water used and nowadays also the
receptors of most wastewater.
• From the earliest civilizations up till now, river basins have played an
important role in sustaining communities of people and other forms of
life. They are used ever more intensively and many of them are under
pressure.
• Conflicts may increased of the upstream and downstream areas of the
river.
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Need for river basin planning and
management continued…
• Such conflicts may be exacerbated is international river basins, where
socioeconomic inequities among them are often much greater ,as are
differences in power, and where conflicts may lead to loss of life and a
reduced capacity of governments to respond to domestic needs.
• The slightly exaggerated term “Water wars” is appearing now and then
in newspapers.
• The incidence of floods in quantity and in severity is also considered
to be increasing. Causal links with unbalanced human occupation and
watershed destruction are also likely.
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Need for river basin planning and
management continued…
• Thus management of river basins becomes necessary as freshwater
and other services provided by basins become scarce and competition
increases for their use.
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water resources planning process
Identification of need
Analysis of institutional framework
Identification of the main stakeholders
Preparation of blueprints
Formulations of plan and approval
Implementation of plan
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River basin management plan
Source: EUWI website 8
Function of water resources planning
• To assess the current situation, formulate visions, set the goals and
targets
• To provide a framework for public participation and feedback
• To increase legitimacy
• To interactions among the concerned organizations and the
stakeholders
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Need for Integration
• River basin development involves the coordinated and harmonious
development of the various works in relation to all the reasonable
possibilities of the basin.
• These may include irrigation and drainage, electric power generation,
navigation, flood control, water treatment, industrial and domestic
uses of water, recreation and wildlife.
• The complexity of the physical river system, the exchange of
groundwater and surface water vice versa and the continuous
interactions between the environmental elements is a physical
imperative.
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Need for Integration continued…
• To prevents disputes between the
states in respect to river to meet
social and natural demands in
river basins, Integrated
Approaches are indispensable.
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Need for Integration continued…
• Integration of environmental objectives, combining quality, ecological
and quantity objectives for protecting highly valuable aquatic
ecosystems and ensuring a general good status of the water resources.
• Integration of all water resources, combining fresh water and ground
water bodies, wetlands, coastal water resources at the river basin scale.
• Integration of all water uses, functions and values into a common
policy framework, investing water for the environment, water for
health and human consumption, water for economic sectors, transport,
water as a social good.
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Need for Integration continued…
• Integration of disciplines, analyses and expertise, combining
hydrology, hydraulics, ecology, chemistry, soil sciences, technology
engineering and economics to assess current pressures and impacts on
water resources and identify measures for achieving the environmental
objectives of the directive in the cost effective manner.
• Integration of all significant management and ecological aspects
relevant to sustainable river basin planning including those which are
beyond the scope of flood protection and prevention.
• Integration of water management from different member states for
river basin shared by several countries, existing and/or future states.
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Integrated Water Resources Management
• Integrated water resources management(IWRM) has been defined by
the technical committee of the global water partnership(GWP) as “a
process which promotes the coordinated development and
management of water, land and related resources, in order to maximize
the resultant economic and social welfare in an equitable manner
without compromising the sustainability of vital ecosystem.”
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Conceptual view of IWRM
• Conceptual view of IWRM has
been presented by the van beek
(2002) who termed it as a
“structured process of policy
analysis.”
• Integration of the Natural system
itself considered as land and water.
• Storage of the water depends on
the vegetation cover and land
properties.
Source: Water resources planning and management by
S.K.Jain and V.P.Singh
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Concept of IWRM continued…
• The concept of IWRM as an
integrating handle, growing from
subsectoral to cross sectional
management.
• Water resources management
modelling of a river basin system
should include not only natural
and physical processes but
artificial processes like hardware
and software processes include. Source: Water resources planning and management
by S.K.Jain and V.P.Singh
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Principles of IWRM
• Social equity: It means ensuring equal access for all users
(particularly marginalised and poorer user groups)to an adequate
quantify and quality of water necessary to sustain human well being.
• Economic efficiency: It means bringing the greatest benefit to the
greatest number of users possible with the available financial and
water resources. This requires that the most economically efficient
option selected.
• Environmental (Ecological) sustainability: Ecological sustainability
requires that aquatic ecosystems are acknowledged as users and that
adequate allocation is made to sustain their natural functioning.
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Objectives of IWRM
• The main objective of IWRM is to establish a balance between the
existing natural functions of the water resource system and the
development aspects of the system.
• Management actions should fulfil the expectations of the society for
industrial use ,recreation, nature management and agriculture purpose.
• Primarily coordination of multiple activities and resolving conflicts,
particularly those stemming from negative externalities are the key
functions of integrated water resources management.
• Those activities involve financing and development of infrastructure in a
manner that ensures sustainability of the ecosystem and therefore water.
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Objectives of IWRM continued…
• Protection of all water
• Ensuring good ecological and good chemical status
• Prevention of degradation of water bodies
• Stepwise reduction/elimination of the emission hazardous substances
• Enhancing public water supply by a program of improvement and
development
• Enhancing the waste water treatment plant
• Promoting water efficiency
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Key activities of IWRM
Key activities related to water resources development
• Water Resources management studies
• Master planning and policy development
• Investment planning/feasibility studies
• Soil erosion assessment and planning of soil erosion control stratagies
• Water supply and demand assessment
• Water resources system modelling
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Key activities of IWRM Continued…
Key activities related to environmental management
• Environmental impact assessment
• River and floodplain ecology and rehabilitation
Key activities related to database management
• Data base development
• Design and decision support system
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Models for Integrated Water Resources
Management
• Streamflow Synthesis & Reservoir Regulation (SSARR)
• SIMYLD-II
• Interactive River Aquifer Simulation (IRAS)
• European Hydrological System (SHE)
• Stream Water Quality Model (QUAL2E)
• Water Quality for River Reservoir Systems (WQRRS)
• Tennessee Environment & river Resource Aid (TERRA)
• River Basin Simulation Model (RIBASIM)
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Impact of Climate Change on Water
Resources Management
• According to the past research of the Lattenmaier et.al.,1996 Global
concentrations of carbon dioxide have increased by about 25% since
the industrial revolution and are expected to double within about next
80 years.
• Global Warming is directly or indirectly affect the precipitation,
snowmelt, volume and peak for hydrograph as well as peak of runoff,
recharging of ground water.
• Hydrological processes change due to global warming and climate
change so it is directly affect the river basin management.
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Impact of Climate Change on Water
Resources Management
Global
Warming
Emission of Changes in
Carbon Precipitation
dioxide and &
other gases Evaporation
Increase of Changes to
Water
greenhouse resources
gases system
Greenhouse Source: Water resources planning and
effect management by S.K.Jain and V.P.Singh
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References
• Water resources planning and management by S.K.Jain and V.P.Singh
• European Union Water Initiative (EUWI) website
• Integrated Water Resources Management Plans Training Manual and
operation guide March 2005
• J.Kasbhom, et.all (2009) Integrated Water Resources
Management(IWRM)-an Introduction
• https://www.iwapublishing.com/news/integrated-water-resources-man
agement-basic-concepts
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Thank You
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