Scribd
Upload
185 views52 pages

Comprehensive Guide to ECG Analysis

This document provides an overview of electrocardiograms (ECGs). It describes the normal conductive system of the heart and identifies the normal ECG waves. It explains how to calculate heart rate and axes from an ECG paper. The document outlines ECG equipment, lead placements on the body, and types of arrhythmias that can be identified. Nursing care for performing an ECG is also summarized.

Uploaded by

Mona Alhindi
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
185 views52 pages

Comprehensive Guide to ECG Analysis

This document provides an overview of electrocardiograms (ECGs). It describes the normal conductive system of the heart and identifies the normal ECG waves. It explains how to calculate heart rate and axes from an ECG paper. The document outlines ECG equipment, lead placements on the body, and types of arrhythmias that can be identified. Nursing care for performing an ECG is also summarized.

Uploaded by

Mona Alhindi
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Electrocardiogram

(ECG)

1
Out line
 anatomical structure and function of conductive
system
 identified the normal ECG

 calculation of ECG wave in ECG paper

 calculation HR in ECG paper

 calculation ECG axis

 ECG equipments

 identify ECG lead and its places in the patient body

 types of arrhythmia

 References
2
3
4
Definition

It is a record of electrical
potential that generated by the
heart during cardiac cycle (systole
and diastole).

5
The electrical impulses
spread from the heart to
the surrounding tissue
the toward outer surface
of the body where the
ECG electrodes are
placed.

6
7
8
Normal ECG wave

Duration amplitude Atrial depolarization 0.02 s P


0.1s 0.1-0.3 mv Atrial systole wave

0.04-0.12s 1-2 mv (V) depolarization 0.02 V Systole QRS

0.25 s 0.2-0.3mv ( V ) Repolarization T

0.12-0.2s Time P till R P-R

0.1s Iso line S-T

0.3-0.4s (V) R&D Q-T


9
ECG paper
 Ventricle 1cm=1mv =10 small box(1 box=0.1mv)
 Horizontal 1 small square=0.04 second
5 big square= 0ne second

10
ECG paper

11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
ECG equipments
 ECG machine & ECG leads
 ECG paper

 alcohol swap

 ECG jell

 gloves

 tissue

 Shaving machine

23
Nursing care
 explain the procedure to the patient
 prepare equipments

 wash hands

 clean leads area by alcohol swap (shave if need)

 apply ECG jell on ECG leads

 attach ECG leads on the patient body

 make sure all leads are on

 turn on ECG machine

 print result into ECG paper


24
ECG leads
Get complete picture of activities of the heart.
It is 12 leads placed on the surface of the body
according the following:
12 leads

6 limb leads 6 chest leads


1- bipolar leads (I,II,III) V1,V2

,V3,V4,V5,V6
2-unipolar leads (avR,avL,avF)

25
bipolar leads
 Have two electrodes (positive and negative)
 It is placed on R arm, L arm, L leg .
 There is one extra electrode placed on R leg
called grounded electrode

26
27
bipolar leads
Negative terminal Positive leads
terminal
Right arm Left arm I

Right arm Left leg II

Left arm Left leg III

28
Unipolar leads
 One active electrode connecting to the positive terminal
in ECG
 avR (present in R arm)
 avL (in L arm)
 avF (in L leg)

29
Chest leads

30
Chest leade
 V1- present in right fourth intercostals space near sternum
 V2- present in left fourth intercostals space near sternum
 V3- present between V2 and V4
 V4- present in fifth intercostals space in mid line of clavicle
 V5- present in fifth intercostals space in anterior part of
axilla
 V6- present in fifth intercostals space in mid line of axilla

31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
References
1 Suzanne C. Smeltzer, Brenda G Bare,
Janice L. Hinkle, Kerry H Cheever ,
Brunner and Suddarth's textbook of
medical-surgical nursing, ( 12th edition ).
2009, page (720-740)

2- Dale Davis, ECG interpretation, second


edition , 1992.
50
51
52

You might also like