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Python Training Course III

This document provides an overview of common Python data structures: lists, tuples, dictionaries, and sets. It describes how to define each type, common operations like accessing and modifying elements, and comparisons between their functionality. Lists and tuples are sequences that can contain heterogeneous elements indexed by integers. Tuples are immutable while lists are mutable. Dictionaries contain key-value pairs with unique keys that can be of any immutable type. Sets store unique elements without duplication and support common set operations.

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Ruei Yu Zeng
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77 views52 pages

Python Training Course III

This document provides an overview of common Python data structures: lists, tuples, dictionaries, and sets. It describes how to define each type, common operations like accessing and modifying elements, and comparisons between their functionality. Lists and tuples are sequences that can contain heterogeneous elements indexed by integers. Tuples are immutable while lists are mutable. Dictionaries contain key-value pairs with unique keys that can be of any immutable type. Sets store unique elements without duplication and support common set operations.

Uploaded by

Ruei Yu Zeng
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Python Training Course III

Data Structure Type

 Lists
 Tuples 發音 too-pull 或 tub-pull 都對

 Dictionaries
 Sets

2
Lists and Tuples

 a sequence of items indexed by their integer position


 there are two sequence structures: tuples and lists
 contain zero or more elements
 the elements can be of different types
 tuples are immutable
 lists are mutable

3
Lists

4
如何建立 list
 Create with [ ] or list()

Value 可以不必是唯一

5
如何建立 list
 Convert Other Data Types to Lists
 Create list with split

6
Get an Item by Using [ offset ]

7
Lists of Lists

8
Change an Item by [ offset ], get slice of lists

9
Add an Item to the End with append()

10
Combine Lists by Using extend() or +=

11
Add an Item by Offset with insert()

12
Delete an Item by Offset with del

del is a Python statement, not a list method—you don’t say marxes[-2].del() .


It’s sort of the reverse of assignment ( = ): it detaches a name from a Python
object and can free up the object’s memory if that name was the last
reference to it.

13
Delete an Item by Value with remove()

14
Get an Item by Offset and Delete It by Using pop()

實現 LIFO (stack) : append(), pop()


實現 FIFO (queue) : append(), pop(0)

15
Find an Item’s Offset by Value with index()

16
Test for a Value with in

如果經常要檢查 list 中的值是否存在 ?


但不在乎值的位置時，使用另一種
資料結構 set 會更好些

17
Count Occurrences of a Value by Using count()

18
Convert to a String with join()

join() 和 split() 剛好是相反的功能

19
Reorder Items with sort()

sort() sorts the list itself


sorted() returns a sorted copy of the list

20
Get Length by Using len()

21
Assign with =, Copy with copy()

22
copy a list to an independent, fresh list

• The list copy() function


• The list() conversion function
• The list slice [:]

23
Lists 練習題

 Book P.67
 Things to Do 3.1~3.9

24
Tuple

25
Create a Tuple by Using ()

26
Using tuple exchange values without temp. variable

Tuple conversion function

27
Tuple 與 Lists 的比較

 tuples 使用較少的記憶體空間
 不會因失誤而損壞 tuple
 可將 tuples 作為 dictionary 的 keys
 函數的引數是以 tuples 傳遞

28
Dictionary

29
Dictionary

 和 list 類似，但並在意順序而是以唯一的 key 來存取 value


 key 通常是字串，但不限於，只要是不可改變的類型 ( boolean,
integer, float, tuple, string, and…)
 Dictionaries are mutable, so you can add, delete, and change
their key-value elements.
 簡稱 dict

30
Dictionary Create with { }

list, tuple 或 dictionary


可以在最後一項有逗點

31
Convert by Using dict()

32
Add or Change an Item by [ key ]

33
Key 必須是唯一

34
Combine Dictionaries with update()

35
Delete an Item by Key with del

Delete All Items by Using clear()


or reassign { }
36
Test for a Key by Using in

37
Get an Item by [ key ]

38
Get All Keys by Using keys()

Get All Values by Using values()

Get All Key-Value Pairs by Using items()

39
Assign with =, Copy with copy()
Dictionaries 練習題

 Book P.67 ~ P.68


 Things to Do 3.10~3.14

41
Set
set 可以看成是 “有 key 無 value” 的 dictionary

42
回顧一下小學教過的集合 (sets) 概念
Create with set()

{ } 會產生一個空的 dict ，
而不是空的 set
Convert from Other Data Types with set()
Test for Value by Using in
Combinations and Operators

交集

/home/jianlong/ 影片 /Lady.Bird.mp4
Combinations and Operators
Combinations and Operators
Make Bigger Data Structures
About key of dict

 Dictionary keys need to be immutable


 a list, dictionary, or set can’t be a key for another dictionary
 a tuple can be
Bigger Data Structures 練習題

 Book P.68
 Things to Do 3.15~3.18

52

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