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Guillain-Barré Syndrome Overview

This presentation provides an overview of Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS). It discusses the epidemiology, subtypes, pathology, medical treatment, and rehabilitation of GBS. GBS is an acquired autoimmune disorder of the peripheral nervous system that results in rapidly evolving muscle weakness. It most commonly presents as acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy in Western countries. Treatment involves immunotherapy and supportive care, while rehabilitation focuses on restoring motor function and preventing complications. Most patients recover fully, though some experience long-term weakness or relapse.

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Marrium Siddiqui
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143 views22 pages

Guillain-Barré Syndrome Overview

This presentation provides an overview of Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS). It discusses the epidemiology, subtypes, pathology, medical treatment, and rehabilitation of GBS. GBS is an acquired autoimmune disorder of the peripheral nervous system that results in rapidly evolving muscle weakness. It most commonly presents as acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy in Western countries. Treatment involves immunotherapy and supportive care, while rehabilitation focuses on restoring motor function and preventing complications. Most patients recover fully, though some experience long-term weakness or relapse.

Uploaded by

Marrium Siddiqui
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

PRESENTED BY: Mir Zeeshan

ID NO: 18219
SUBMITTED TO: Dr. Abdul Rashad

1/30/2015 1
PRESENTATION FLOW

Introduction
Epidemiology
Sub-types
Pathology
Medical treatment
Rehabilitation
Prognosis

1/30/2015 2
Introduction

“It is an acquired ,frequently


severe ,monophasic
autoimmune illness of
Peripheral Nervous
System(PNS)”

1/30/2015 3
 Approximately 85% patients recover
spontaneously while 10% patients need
hospitalization

Its prevalence has been reported to vary from


region to region

1/30/2015 4
Epidemiology
According to more recent study ,GBS occurs
throughout the world with a medium incidence of 1.3
cases per 100,000 population
Males are more commonly affected than females

Peaks in young adults and in elderly


1/30/2015 6
Sub-types of GBS

AIDP

MFS GBS AMAN

AMSAN

1/30/2015 7
Acute Inflammatory Demyelinating
Polyneuropathy(AIDP)
Prevalent in western countries (90% of the
GBS cases)
Adults are affected more than the children

First attack appears directed against a component


of Schwann cell
Acute Motor-Sensory Axonal
Neuropathy(AMSAN)

Very rare

Closely related to AMAN

 Adults are mostly affected


Pattern of re-myelination
In GBS primary demyelination of CNS is not found.
Other changes such as degeneration of spinal
posterior tract are secondary to pathology in the PNS

1/30/2015 27
Clinical features

Rapidly evolving areflexic ascending motor


paralysis of the extremities ,up to the
tetraparesis

Reduced or absent deep tendon reflexes

 Mild sensory symptoms


Clinical features cont’d…

Fever
Fatigue
Pain
Bilateral facial palsy
Antecedent symptoms
Management

MANAGEMENT

MEDICAL REHABILITATION

SPEECH OCCUPATIONAL
PHYSIOTHERAPY THERAPY THERAPY
Physiotherapy Management

PT
MANAGEMENT

ONGOING/LONG-
SUBACUTE
ACUTE PHASE TERM REHAB
REHAB PHASE
PHASE III
Double knee-and-hip flexion

1/30/2015 16
Knee rolling

1/30/2015 17
NECK MOVEMENTS

1/30/2015 18
• Risk of hypotension is reduced by ;
 Ensuring that turning is gentle
 Avoiding any intervention if CVP is below
 5cmH2O
 Acclimatization to the upright posture with a tilt
table
 Risk of bradycardia is reduced by oxygenation
before and after suction

1/30/2015 58
PROGNOSIS
The length of time and the amount of effort required to bring
about the best possible recovery varies among individuals and
is related primarily to the severity of the symptoms.

About 30% of persons affected with GBS have some degree


of residual weakness after three years.

3 - 5% may suffer a relapse many years later.

1- 5% of cases are fatal, usually due to respiratory or


cardiac complications.

Most people, however, are able to recover completely and lead


normal lives.
REFRENCES

Guillain-Barre syndrome: pathological, clinical, and


therapeutical aspects
By Silvia Iannello
PNF in practice –An illustrated guide
Adler ,Beckers ,Buck
Therapeutic exercises
Kisner
http://neurologychannel.com/guillain
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/guillain-barre-syn
drome/

1/30/2015 21

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