Petroleum Engineering for Non Petroleum Engineer
Introduction
01 June 2018
Rev.01: 19 February 2018
Safety Moment Road Safety
• Don’t change flat tire on highway
• Flat tire causes fatal crash
• Changing a flat tire on highway is hazardous to your health
PE4NPE Course Objectives
• To give a non-technical and overall view of the petroleum engineering.
• To familiarize the audience with the basic concepts of the petroleum
engineering.
• To present general information that will help the audience to
understand the complex world of oil and gas.
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PE4NPE Course Outline
Day 1:
• Session 1: Opening and Introduction
• Session 2: Petrophysics
Day 2:
• Session 1: Development Geophysics
• Session 2: Development Geologist
Day 3:
• Session 1: Reservoir Engineering
• Session 2: Reserves Classification
Day 4:
• Session 1: Well Completion and Workover
• Session 2: Production Operation and Optimization
4 | SANTOS 2014
PE4NPE Introduction
What is petroleum engineering?
an engineering discipline concerned with the activities
related to the production of hydrocarbons, which can
be either crude oil or natural gas.
considered as upstream sector of the oil and gas
industry, which are the activities of finding and
producing hydrocarbons.
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PE4NPE What is Petroleum Engineer?
A petroleum engineer is involved in nearly all stages of oil and
gas field evaluation, development and production. The goal of a
petroleum engineer is to maximize hydrocarbon recovery at a
minimum cost while maintaining a strong emphasis on reducing
all associated environmental problems.
Petroleum engineers are divided into several groups:
Petroleum geologists find hydrocarbons by analyzing
subsurface structures with geological and geophysical
methods;
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PE4NPE What is Petroleum Engineer?
Reservoir engineers work to optimize production of oil and
gas via proper well placement, production levels, and
enhanced oil recovery techniques.
Drilling engineers manage the technical aspects of drilling
exploratory, production and injection wells. It also include
mud engineer who manage the quality of drilling fluid.
Production engineers, including subsurface engineers, manage
the interface between the reservoir and the well, including
perforations, sand control, downhole flow control, and
downhole monitoring equipment; evaluate artificial lift
methods; and also select surface equipment that separates the
produced fluids (oil, natural gas, and water).
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PE4NPE Where does petroleum engineers work?
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Oil and Gas Value Chain
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E & P Cycle
Acreage acquisition Abandonment and Site
Restoration
Reservoir Mgt Operations
Development Drilling
Basin analysis
Facilities installation
Prospect generation
Facilities construction
Economic analysis
ATA
Facilities design
Project Field
Wildcat Drilling Development
Field Economic
Appraisal drilling
Development Plan analysis 6
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PE4NPE What does petroleum means?
Petroleum literally means ‘rock oil’. The word comes
from the Greek word ‘petra’ (meaning ‘rock’) and the
Latin word ‘oleum’ (meaning ‘oil’).
The word petrol is a shortened version of ‘petroleum’.
Petroleum products are all the substances made from
petroleum.
Petrol
Station??
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PE4NPE Definition of the Petroleum Industry
The petroleum industry may be defined as:
The industry that deals with:
─ The exploration of petroleum
─ Reaching the petroleum reserves
─ Producing the petroleum fluid to the surface
─ Treating the petroleum fluid at the surface
─ Transporting the petroleum fluid to the refinery and export facilities
─ Refining crude oil
─ Producing raw material through petrochemical plants
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Petroleum Industry
Upstream Petroleum Downstream Petroleum
Geology Crude Oil Transportation
Geophysics Petroleum Refining
Drilling Petrochemical Plants
Reservoir Management
Production and Production
Operation
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PE4NPE What is petroleum?
Petroleum: A general term for all
naturally occurring hydrocarbons
(hydrogen + carbon)
Solid Hydrocarbons: Asphalt
Liquid Hydrocarbons: Crude oil
Gas Hydrocarbons: Natural Gas:
methane, butane, propane, etc.
The simplest
hydrocarbon is Methane
14 | (CH4)
PE4NPE What is crude oil?
The oil we find underground is called crude oil.
Crude oil is made of a mixture of different chemicals called
hydrocarbons. These were produced when tiny plants and
animals decayed under layers of sand and mud.
Crude oil doesn't always look the same – it depends
where it comes from.
Sometimes it is almost colorless, or it can be thick
and black. But crude oil usually looks like thin,
brown treacle.
When it comes out of a well (especially an undersea
well), the crude oil is often mixed with gases, water
and sand.
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PE4NPE What is crude oil?
Wikipedia…..
Petroleum or crude oil is a naturally occurring, toxic,
flammable liquid consisting of a complex mixture of
hydrocarbons of various molecular weights, and other
organic compounds, that are found in
geologic formations beneath the Earth's surface.
Petroleum is recovered mostly through oil drilling. It is
refined and separated, most easily by boiling point,
into a large number of consumer products, from
gasoline and kerosene to asphalt and chemical reagents
used to make plastics and pharmaceuticals
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PE4NPE What do we get from oil?
• 1 barrel = 42 gallons of
crude oil
• 83% becomes fuel
– Gasoline, diesel, jet fuel,
heating oil, and liquefied
petroleum gas (propane
and butane)
• 17% other
– Solvents, fertilizers,
pesticides, plastics
* These add up to 44.6 gallons because
volume is increased during the refining
process.
17 | *) US Energy Information Administration
PE4NPE At Refinery ….
Oil refinery Distillation
Plant
Car fuel
Jet fuel
Road tar
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Anacortes_Refinery_31911.JPG en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Crude_Oil_Distillation.png
• Before it can be used crude oil must be refined.
• Hydrocarbons can be separated using distillation, which
produces different fractions (or types) of oil and gas
PE4NPE Reserves Vs Resources
• Reserves are natural resources that have already been discovered
and can be produced for profit today
• Resources are deposits that we know of (or believe to exist), but
are not producible at a profit today
• Example: oil reserves ~1.2 trillion barrels, oil resources ~2 trillion
barrels
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PE4NPE World oil reserves by region
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PE4NPE Oil Reserves Worldwide
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PE4NPE Gas Reserves Worldwide
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PE4NPE HC Reserves by Company
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PE4NPE Cost/BOE
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PE4NPE Indonesia Oil Balance
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PE4NPE Indonesia Gas Balance
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PE4NPE Daily Oil Consumption Worldwide
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PE4NPE Oil Production and Consumption by Contry
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Indonesia Oil History and its Significants
1885: 1st Commercial Oil Well
Drilled in Telaga Said Field, North
Sumatra. This not long after 1 st
1892: Royal Dutch’s first Oil Refinery put
commercial
up well drilled
in Pangkalan Brandan,in North Sumatera
Titusville, Pennsylvania, in 1859.
1899: Shell’s first Oil Refinery built in
Balikpapan, East Kalimantan.
1941-1942: Dutch East Indies to be
battle1970:
groundOilinBoom
WW2.accelerate
The colony was
economic
the 4thgrowth
largestand
oil exporter
Indonesiaafter US,
Development
Iran, and Romania
29 | SANTOS 2014
When Things Go Wrong! Safety is always number 1 priority
30 | SANTOS 2014
Terima Kasih
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