NORTHERN
IRELAND
PRESENTED BY IRYNA TROSHCHUK
PLAN
1. NATIONAL SYMBOLS
2. HISTORY
3. LANGUAGE
4. EDUCATION
5. CULTURE
6. TRADITIONS
NATIONAL SYMBOLS
Éire go, Deo
What do you call an Irish girl?
The phrase most commonly misused as the national
motto of Ireland is Éire go, Deo, which is colleen - an Irish girl.
pronounced “air-ah guh joe.” The literal English
translation of the phrase Éire go, Deo, is “Ireland is
Forever,” but the shorter version of “Ireland Forever”
is used most often.
Most people of Protestant
background consider
themselves British, while a
majority of people of
Catholic background
consider themselves Irish.
HISTORY
The state of Northern Ireland was set
up in 1921 under the Government of
Ireland
Politicians at that time thought that
this would solve the divisions between
catholics and protestants.
SPECIAL POWER ACTS
The police have the power to arrest
anyone suspected of being disloyal to
the Northern Ireland state
As the result divisions between
Catholics and Protestants increased.
This continued to 1960 when the
situation was very tense
WHY THE CATHOLICS
WERE ANGRY?
1 they had less chance to get a job
than protestants
2 they had less chance to have a
council house
3 they had l little political power
NICRA
Formed in Belfast on 9 April
1967, the civil rights campaign
attempted to achieve reform by
publicising, documenting, and
lobbying for an end to
discrimination in areas such as
elections (which were subject to
gerrymandering and property
requirements), discrimination in
employment, in public housing
and alleged abuses
BLOODY FRIDAY 1972
The IRA said it sent telephoned warnings at least
thirty minutes before each explosion and said that
the security forces wilfully ignored some of the
warnings for its own ends. ... On the thirtieth
anniversary of the bombings, the IRA formally
apologized to the families of all the civilians it
had killed and injured.
Bloody Sunday began as a
peaceful—but illegal—
demonstration by some 10,000
people organized by the
Northern Ireland Civil Rights
Association in opposition to the
British government's policy of
interning suspected members
of the IRA without trial. ...
British troops responded by
firing rubber bullets and a
water cannon
Good Friday agreement
1988
The Good Friday Agreement
states that "the Secretary of
State" should call a referendum "if
at any time it appears likely to him
that a majority of those voting
would express a wish that
Northern Ireland should cease to
be part of the United Kingdom
and form part of a united Ireland."
LANGUAGE
English is the most spoken language in
Northern Ireland. There are also two
recognised regional languages in Northern
Ireland: the Irish language (see Irish
language in Northern Ireland) and the local
variety of Scots known as Ulster Scots.
The Irish language (also known as Irish
Gaelic) (Irish: Gaeilge) is a recognised
minority language in Northern Ireland. ...
Some 4,130 people (0.2%) use Irish as
their main home language.
EDUCATION
All children between the ages of four and 16 are
entitled to a free school place. The majority of schools
are grant-aided, although there are around ten
independent schools in Northern Ireland. Controlled
schools are managed and funded by the Education
Authority (EA) through boards of school governors.
As elsewhere, children start primary school at 4+
and move on to secondary school at 11+. NI schools
name their year groups differently, with 4/5 year olds
in year 1 rather than reception, and 11 year olds
starting secondary school in year 8 rather than year 7.
CULTURE
Belfast is the site of the Ulster Museum, the national
museum and art gallery.
Londonderry and Armagh also have galleries with
permanent collections.
The Ulster Folk and Transport Museum in Cultra
provides a particularly interesting link with the peasant
origins of Northern Ireland and includes an open-air
folk museum
Northern Ireland is serviced by both state and
commercial broadcasting. In addition to relaying its
national programming, the
British Broadcasting Corporation operates two
regional radio services (Radio Foyle and Radio
Ulster) and has television studios in Belfast.
IRISH CLOTHING
REPUBLIC OF
IRELAND
Is the Republic of
Ireland the same as
Ireland?
Since 1949 the Republic of Ireland Act has provided
that the Republic of Ireland (or Poblacht na hÉireann
in Irish) is the legal description for the state.
However, Ireland remains the constitutional name of
the state. The constitutional name Ireland is normally
used.
12 CELTS
The Celts were a people who were
found in Iron Age Europe about
2,500 years ago, and who migrated
westwards to Ireland and Scotland,
where their descendants are found
today.
KINGS OF
IRELAND
Leaving mythology behind, Máel Sechnaill mac Máele Ruanaid
(Malachy MacMulrooney) is recognised as the first historical High
King of Ireland. He served as king between 846–860 AD and died
two years later. After King Máel there would be another 16 other
High Kings in Ireland until the last serving King in 1166.
A monarchical system of government existed in Ireland from
ancient times until — for what became the Republic of Ireland —
the early twentieth century. Between the years of 846 and 1198
AD, 17 High Kings held power. Much of what we know today of
the High Kings of Ireland is a mixture of truth and legend
Why did the English and Irish fight?
It began because of the 1916 Easter Rising. The
Irish Republican Brotherhood (IRB) men who
fought the British soldiers that day wanted Ireland
to be its own country and wanted Britain to move
its army out of Ireland. ... The Unionists wanted to
stay under control of the British Government.
The Cromwellian conquest of Ireland or Cromwellian war in Ireland (1649–
1653) was the conquest of Ireland by the forces of the English Parliament, led
by Oliver Cromwell, during the Wars of the Three Kingdoms. Cromwell
invaded Ireland with his New Model Army on behalf of England's Rump
Parliament in August 1649.
HISTORY
The Irish state came into being in 1916 as
the 32 county Irish Republic. In 1922
having seceded from the United Kingdom
under the Anglo-Irish Treaty, it became
the Irish Free State. It comprised 32
counties until 6 counties under the control
of Unionists, opted out. The
1937 constitution renamed the 'Southern
Ireland' state Ireland. In 1949 only 26
counties explicitly became a republic
under the terms of the
Republic of Ireland Act 1948, definitively
ending its tenuous membership of the
British Commonwealth. In 1973 the
'Southern Ireland' State joined the
European Communities.
LANGUAGE
Languages of Ireland
Main English (99%) Irish (41%) Ulster
Scots (0.3%) Shelta
Immigrant Russian, Polish, French, German,
Mandarin, Japanese,
Foreign French (20%) German (7%)
Spanish (3.7%)
Signed Irish Sign Language Northern
Ireland Sign Language
Is Irish and Gaelic the same?
This is where things get a little
complicated: specifically, Gaelic is an
adjective that describes the people and
culture of Ireland. ... Like its Gaelic
cousin, both are Indo-European
languages, but Irish is actually a
language unto its own. The term
“Gaelic”, as a language, applies only
to the language of Scotland.
The Constitution of Ireland vests executive
authority in a government which is headed
by the Taoiseach, the head of government.
The government is composed of ministers,
all of whom must be members of the
Oireachtas, which consists of Dáil Éireann
and Seanad Éireann
TEST
1.What do you call an Irish girl?
a) irishin
b) colleen
c) calini
2. The English translation of the phrase Éire go, Deo,
d) Ireland is Forever
e) In God we trust
f) May you be in peace
3. The majority of people of Catholic background consider themselves:
g) British
h) Scottish
i) Irish
4. When was Bloody Friday?
j) 1960
k) 1972
l) 1873
5. When was the Good Friday Agreement signed?
m) 1972
n) 2002
o) 1988
6. What the most spoken language in Northern Ireland?
a) Irish
b) Gaelic
c) English
7. What organization manage and fund the controlled schools ?
d) Education Authority
e) Government
f) Volunteers
8. Who was the 1st King of Ireland?:
g) Brian O'Neill
h) Arthur
i) Malachy MacMulrooney
9. When was the flag of Ireland adopted?
j) 1919
k) 1912
l) 1873
10. When is St.patrick’s Day celebrated in 2020?
m) the 17th of March
n) the 1st of march
o) the 29th of March
References
1. Дзівідзінська І. С. Конспект лекцій з дисципліни «Лінгвокраїнознавство
основної іноземної мови» для студентів II курсу (спеціальність „Переклад”)
для напряму підготовки 035 “Філологія”. Англійська мова. – Івано-
Франківськ : ІФНТУНГ, 2017.– 73 с. – Електронний варіант.
2. Лінгвокраїнознавство. Англомовні країни : [підручник для студ. та
викладачів вищих навч. закладів] / А. Б. Гапонів, М. О. Возна ; за заг. ред.
В. В. Бондаренко. Вінниця : НОВА КНИГА, 2005. – 464с.
3. https://www.youtube.com/watch?time_continue=1&v=r_4ExxKVhoM&feature=e
mb_logo
4. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gLNY8JrVYFU
